公开(公告)号：US5134345A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-28

申请号：US785676

申请日：1991-10-31

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Victor D. Roberts

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Victor D. Roberts

IPC: H05B41/28 ,  H05B41/392

CPC classification number: H05B41/2806 ,  H05B41/392 ,  Y02B20/22 ,  Y10S315/07

Abstract: A feedback system for a high intensity discharge lamp detects arc instabilities and stabilizes the discharge, thereby increasing the useful life of the lamp. The feedback system includes a phase detector circuit for detecting relatively low fequency, recurrent variations in the characteristic of the arc discharge, indicating the onset of an arc instability. As a result, a signal is generated to decrease the power supplied to the lamp by an amount sufficient to stabilize the discharge without a significant decrease in visible light output.

Abstract translation: 用于高强度放电灯的反馈系统检测电弧不稳定性并稳定放电，从而增加灯的使用寿命。 反馈系统包括一个相位检测器电路，用于检测电弧放电特性的相对较低的频率，反复变化，指示电弧不稳定性的开始。 结果，产生一个信号，以将提供给灯的功率降低到足以稳定放电的量，而不会明显降低可见光输出。

公开(公告)号：US5084654A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-28

申请号：US527503

申请日：1990-05-23

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Victor D. Roberts

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Victor D. Roberts

IPC: H01J61/54 ,  H01J65/04 ,  H05B41/19 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/288 ,  H05B41/38

CPC classification number: H01J65/04 ,  H05B41/19 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/2881 ,  H05B41/382 ,  Y02B20/204

Abstract: A starting aid for an electrodeless high intensity discharge (HID) lamp comprises at least one starting electrode which, at least during lamp starting, is situated adjacent to, and preferably in contact with, the portion of the arc tube nearest the arc discharge and oriented so as to provide a capacitive starting current that flows in substantially the same location as the arc discharge, thereby easing the transition from a relatively low current glow discharge to a relatively high current, high intensity discharge. The starting aid comprises one or more conductors that substantially conform to the shape of the arc tube at least during initiation of the arc discharge. After the lamp is started, the starting aid may be moved to a predetermined location away from the arc tube. Alternatively, the starting aid may comprise one or more fixed starting electrodes. The starting aid may be coupled to the lamp ballast circuit used to drive the excitation coil either directly, or via an impedance network, or via the excitation coil. In an alternative embodiment, the starting aid is excited by a starting circuit that is separate and independent from, and operates at a substantially higher frequency than, the lamp ballast.

公开(公告)号：US5047693A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-10

申请号：US527502

申请日：1990-05-23

Applicant: Victor D. Roberts ,  Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Robert J. Thomas

Inventor： Victor D. Roberts ,  Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Robert J. Thomas

IPC: H01J61/54 ,  H01J65/04 ,  H05B41/04 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/38

CPC classification number: H05B41/24 ,  H01J65/048 ,  H05B41/04 ,  H05B41/382 ,  Y02B20/204

Abstract: A starting aid for an electrodeless high intensity discharge (HID) lamp comprises a spiral starting electrode which, at least during lamp starting, conforms to the shape of the arc tube so as to provide a relatively high capacitive starting current upon receipt of a radio frequency starting signal, resulting in a rapid transition from a glow discharge to a high intensity solenoidal discharge. At least one turn of the spiral starting electrode is preferably in contact with the portion of the arc tube nearest the arc discharge to be formed and is oriented so as to provide a capacitive starting current that flows in substantially the same location as the arc discharge to further ease lamp starting. In one embodiment, the spiral starting aid comprises first and second coil portions. The first coil portion conforms to the shape of the arc tube and has at least one turn disposed nearest the portion of the arc tube where the arc discharge is to be formed. The second coil portion has at least one turn in contact with the arc tube and the remaining turns extend outwardly therefrom. Once the lamp is started, the starting aid may be moved to a predetermined location away from the arc tube.

公开(公告)号：US5170337A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

申请号：US827310

申请日：1992-01-29

Applicant: Joseph C. Borowiec ,  Otward M. Mueller ,  Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy

Inventor： Joseph C. Borowiec ,  Otward M. Mueller ,  Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy

IPC: H03F3/60 ,  H01L23/66 ,  H01L25/07 ,  H02M7/00 ,  H02M7/538

CPC classification number: H02M7/538 ,  H01L23/66 ,  H01L24/49 ,  H01L25/072 ,  H02M7/003 ,  H01L2223/6644 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/48247 ,  H01L2224/49111 ,  H01L2224/49113 ,  H01L2224/49171 ,  H01L2224/49175 ,  H01L24/48 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01006 ,  H01L2924/01013 ,  H01L2924/01014 ,  H01L2924/01033 ,  H01L2924/01082 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/13091 ,  H01L2924/15787 ,  H01L2924/30107

Abstract: A low-inductance package for multiple paralleled devices includes an electrically insulating substrate having three power terminals direct-bonded to the upper surface thereof and a conductive pad direct-bonded to the lower surface thereof for connection to a heat sink. Two groups of multiple parallel-coupled devices are each soldered to one of the three power terminals and are further connected in a half-bridge configuration such that one of the three power terminals is common to both groups of devices. The package further includes a pair of first Kelvin terminals, i.e., a first Kelvin control terminal and a first Kelvin source terminal, and a pair of second Kelvin terminals, i.e., a second Kelvin control terminal and a second Kelvin source terminal. The Kelvin terminals are soldered to the appropriate power terminals, depending upon the particular circuit configuration. The multiple parallel-coupled devices of each group are aligned such that the lengths of the wire bonds to the respective control and power terminals are substantially the same and furthermore are shortened. As a result, the stray inductance due to the wire bonds is the same for each group of devices and is minimized. Current sharing and simultaneous switching of devices within each group are thus ensured.

公开(公告)号：US5118996A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

申请号：US719855

申请日：1991-06-24

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  John P. Cocoma ,  George A. Farrall

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  John P. Cocoma ,  George A. Farrall

IPC: H01J65/04 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/28 ,  H05B41/38

CPC classification number: H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/2806 ,  H05B41/382 ,  Y02B20/204 ,  Y02B20/22

Abstract: A passive starting circuit foran electrodeless HID lamp includes a series resonant LC circuit including an inductor of variable impedance coupled in series with the parasitic capacitance between a starting probe and the excitation coil of the lamp, and further including a coupling capacitance for directly coupling the starting circuit to the excitation coil. The coupling capacitance is connected between the high terminal of the excitation coil, or a point in the circuit at approximately the same potential thereof, and a conductive support for holding the lamp and starting probe in a lamp fixture. In this way, the starting voltage is maximized for more efficient and rapid starting. Preferably, the series resonant capacitance of the starting circuit is optimized so that the ballast requires little, if any, retuning after the lamp has started.

公开(公告)号：US5113171A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-12

申请号：US632213

申请日：1990-12-21

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy

IPC: G01R1/20 ,  H01C3/02

CPC classification number: G01R1/203 ,  H01C3/02

Abstract: A current-viewing resistor for accurately measuring high-frequency currents, e.g. at radio frequencies, includes a first resistance connected in series with a first inductance, the series combination being connected in parallel with a series combination of a second resistance and a second inductance. The second resistance is relatively large as compared with the first resistance, and the second inductance is relatively large as compared with the first inductance. The ratio of the first resistance to the first inductance is substantially equal to the ratio of the second resistance to the second inductance. As a result, the voltage measured across the second resistance is substantially equal to the voltage across the first resistance, and the current through the first resistance is substantially equal to the current to be measured.

Abstract translation: 用于精确测量高频电流的电流检测电阻，例如 在无线电频率下，包括与第一电感串联的第一电阻，所述串联组合与第二电阻和第二电感的串联组合并联连接。 与第一电阻相比，第二电阻相对较大，与第一电感相比第二电感相对较大。 第一电阻与第一电感的比率基本上等于第二电阻与第二电感的比率。 结果，跨越第二电阻测量的电压基本上等于第一电阻两端的电压，并且通过第一电阻的电流基本上等于要测量的电流。

公开(公告)号：US5118997A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

申请号：US745653

申请日：1991-08-16

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy

IPC: H03F1/34 ,  H03F3/217 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/28

CPC classification number: H05B41/2806 ,  Y02B20/22

Abstract: A dual feedback control system for a Class-D power circuit maximizes efficiency by controlling the magnitude and phase angle of the resonant load circuit using two separate feedback loops. The first feedback loop changes the value of a first variable capacitor in response to difference in magnitude between the actual load impedance and the desired load impedance. The second feedback loop changes the value of a second variable capacitor in response to the phase difference between the actual phase angle and the desired phase angle. In this way, the real and imaginary components of the load impedance are controlled so that the Class-D circuit is in tune, and hence efficiency is maximized, over a wide range of load impedances. The dual feedback control of the present invention may be advantageously employed in the ballast of an electrodeless HID lamp system.

公开(公告)号：US5059868A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-22

申请号：US527500

申请日：1990-05-23

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Robert J. Thomas

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Robert J. Thomas

IPC: H01J65/04 ,  H01J61/54 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/28 ,  H05B41/288 ,  H05B41/38

CPC classification number: H05B41/2806 ,  H05B41/24 ,  H05B41/2881 ,  H05B41/382 ,  Y02B20/204 ,  Y02B20/22

Abstract: A starting circuit for an electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp comprises a high efficiency power supply for providing a radio frequency signal to a starting probe disposed proximate the arc tube of the lamp. The power supply may comprise either a Class-D or Class-E power amplifier having an output resonant circuit tuned to a substantially higher frequency than the operating frequency of the signal provided to the excitation coil by the lamp ballast to ensure minimal interaction between the starting circuit and the ballast. The output resonant circuit includes an inductance coupled in series with a capacitance that preferably comprises the capacitance between the excitation coil and the starting probe. After initiating the arc discharge, the starting circuit is deactivated.

公开(公告)号：US5023566A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-11

申请号：US454614

申请日：1989-12-21

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  George Jernakoff

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  George Jernakoff

IPC: H03F3/217

CPC classification number: H03F3/217

Abstract: A driver circuit for a voltage-switching, high frequency Class-D power amplifier provides an input sinewave power signal and controls the transition time between switching the two active devices thereof, resulting in substantially lossless switching. The transition time is optimized by controlling the amplitude of the voltage signals at the inputs of the two active devices, depending on the output capacitance of the switching devices, the threshold voltage of the switching devices, the power output requirement, and the impedance of the resonant load network of the Class-D power amplifier.

Abstract translation: 用于电压切换，高频D类功率放大器的驱动器电路提供输入正弦波功率信号并且控制切换其两个有源器件之间的转换时间，导致基本上无损的切换。 通过根据开关器件的输出电容，开关器件的阈值电压，功率输出要求和阻抗来控制两个有源器件的输入端的电压信号的幅度来优化转换时间 D类功率放大器的谐振负载网络。

公开(公告)号：US5479102A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-26

申请号：US229990

申请日：1994-04-19

Applicant: Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Michael M. Secen ,  Mark E. Duffy ,  Gerald E. Duffy

Inventor： Sayed-Amr A. El-Hamamsy ,  Michael M. Secen ,  Mark E. Duffy ,  Gerald E. Duffy

IPC: H05B41/24 ,  G01R31/24

CPC classification number: G01R31/24

Abstract: A simulated load circuit for measuring the impedance of the arc discharge of an electrodeless discharge lamp of the type having an arc tube and an excitation coil for exciting the arc discharge in an ionizable fill contained therein includes: a secondary coil spaced apart from the excitation coil by a distance which is varied in order to vary the coupling coefficient between the secondary coil and the excitation coil; a fixed load resistance coupled to the secondary coil; and a variable matching network coupled in series or parallel with the load resistance, the impedance of the matching network being varied in order to vary the ratio of reactance to resistance of the load circuit. The distance between the secondary coil and the excitation coil is varied, and the impedance of the matching network is varied, until the input impedance of the load circuit is substantially equivalent to the operating impedance of the lamp. The simulated load circuit is useful for designing and testing ballast circuits for electrodeless discharge lamps and for providing measurements of arc discharge power and excitation coil efficiency.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量具有用于激发其中包含的可电离填充物中的电弧放电的电弧管和激励线圈的类型的无电极放电灯的电弧放电阻抗的模拟负载电路包括：与励磁线圈间隔开的次级线圈 通过改变以改变次级线圈和励磁线圈之间的耦合系数的距离; 耦合到次级线圈的固定负载电阻; 以及与负载电阻串联或并联耦合的可变匹配网络，匹配网络的阻抗是变化的，以便改变负载电路的电抗与电阻的比率。 次级线圈和励磁线圈之间的距离是变化的，并且匹配网络的阻抗是变化的，直到负载电路的输入阻抗基本上等于灯的工作阻抗。 模拟负载电路可用于设计和测试无电极放电灯的镇流器电路，并提供电弧放电功率和励磁线圈效率的测量。