摘要:
The present invention is to provide an electrolyte membrane which retains durability even after having undergone a dimensional change accompanying chemical deterioration caused owing to radicals having high oxidizing ability such as hydroxyl radicals (.OH) or peroxide radicals (.OOH), and the selecting method thereof.An electrolyte membrane has an amount of dimensional change in a plane direction between dimensions obtained in a dry state before and after carrying out the Fenton test, the amount of dimensional change before and after the Fenton test being smaller than an amount of maximum elastic deformation in a plane direction obtained in dry state before carrying out the Fenton test, provided that the Fenton test is carried out under the following condition, and the selecting method of the same. (1) iron ion (Fe2+) concentration: 4 ppm, (2) hydrogen peroxide concentration: 3 wt %, (3) boiling temperature: 80° C., (4) boiling time: 120 minutes.
摘要:
The present invention provides polymer electrolyte that has the ion-exchange capacity of 1.7 meq/g or more and has the reduced viscosity of 160 mL/g or more at 40° C. when being made to be 1% by weight solution with at least one kind of solvent selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, sulfolane, and γ-butyrolactone, and polymer electrolyte that has the ion-exchange capacity of 1.7 meq/g or more and the reduced viscosity of 160 mL/g or more at 40° C. when being made to be 1% by weight solution with at least one kind of solvent selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dimethyl sulfoxide.
摘要:
A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising: a solid polymer electrolyte membrane containing an aromatic polymer electrolyte; an electrode comprising a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer as an anode and a cathode to be joined on both surfaces of this solid polymer electrolyte membrane; a gas sealing material to be disposed in a periphery of the gas diffusion layer; and a separator having a reaction gas flow field; wherein said gas diffusion layer surrounds the whole outer edge of the gas flow field of said separator and has a larger area than an area occupied by the outer edge of the gas flow field of said separator is provided.
摘要:
The present invention is to provide an electrolyte membrane which retains durability even after having undergone a dimensional change accompanying chemical deterioration caused owing to radicals having high oxidizing ability such as hydroxyl radicals (.OH) or peroxide radicals (.OOH), and the selecting method thereof.An electrolyte membrane has an amount of dimensional change in a plane direction between dimensions obtained in a dry state before and after carrying out the Fenton test, the amount of dimensional change before and after the Fenton test being smaller than an amount of maximum elastic deformation in a plane direction obtained in dry state before carrying out the Fenton test, provided that the Fenton test is carried out under the following condition, and the selecting method of the same. (1) iron ion (Fe2+) concentration: 4 ppm, (2) hydrogen peroxide concentration: 3 wt %, (3) boiling temperature: 80° C., (4) boiling time: 120 minutes
摘要:
A polymer electrolyte membrane having excellent mechanical natures is provided. The polymer electrolyte membrane has an elastic modulus at 23° C. and a relative humidity of 50% of 400 MPa to 900 MPa and comprises at least one polymer, all of which have an aromatic ring on their main chain, at least one of which has an aliphatic chain on its main chain and at least one of which is a polymer electrolyte.
摘要:
A method, system, and a computer readable storage medium for visualizing total order relation of nodes included in structured document. The method includes acquiring log information, where the log information is created by storing information on transitions between nodes in a structured document in chronological order. The method also includes specifying a relation of relative positions of the nodes in the transitions based on acquired log information. The method further includes determining a total order relation of the nodes in the structured document by performing a topological sorting that uses specified relation as a constraint, where the total order relation of the nodes is determined by using content data of the node if the node is added to or removed from the structured document.
摘要:
A system and method that improve service and device discovery in a UPnP-based wireless communication network and avoids unnecessary broadcast messages on a MAC sublayer of a DLC layer caused by UPnP multicast messages on an IP layer by intercepting UPnP multicast messages in a network protocol stack below the IP layer. A module intercepts multicast UDP packets destined to a UPnP IP multicast address and port, the multicast UDP packets containing UPnP packets as payload. The module executes DLC/MAC-based service discovery functions to perform wireless network-specific device discovery and to find UPnP-enabled devices in the wireless communication network. Once a wireless network device discovery has returned nodes that fulfill criteria given in the search, the module uses unicast DLC/MAC messages to send UPnP packets to only those nodes that are UPnP-enabled and whose device type matches the respective UPnP device type sought.
摘要:
A polymer electrolyte membrane which exhibits superior high-temperature operability and a fuel cell and the like comprising the polymer electrolyte membrane are provided. In an aspect, the present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte membrane comprising a polymer electrolyte and having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the water vapor permeability coefficient from the first surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane to the second surface which is measured in a state where the first surface is exposed to a humidified environment of a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of 20% and the second surface is exposed to a non-humidified environment of a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of 0% is equal to or higher than 7.0×10−10 mol/sec/cm, and the breaking stress at a temperature of 80° C. and a relative humidity of 90% is equal to or greater than 20 MPa.
摘要:
A relay system for obtaining a program from a server and returning the program to a client by forwarding a message received from a client to the server.
摘要:
The present invention provides an RNA detection method detecting, from a reaction system containing a target sample, a target RNA chain originated from the target sample, using a surface having on the surface thereof a polymer substance which contains a first unit having a group derived from a phosphate ester composing the hydrophilic portion of a phospholipid and a second unit having a carboxylic acid derivative group composed of an electron-attractive substitutional group bound to a carbonyl group, while being provided with at least one reaction space, the reaction space having an immobilized nucleic acid primer immobilized therein.