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公开(公告)号：US09522371B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-20
申请号：US13465798
申请日：2012-05-07
CPC分类号： B01J7/00 , C01B3/065 , C01B13/02 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A self-regulating gas generator that, in response to gas demand, supplies and automatically adjusts the amount of gas (e.g., hydrogen or oxygen) catalytically generated in a chemical supply chamber from an appropriate chemical supply, such as a chemical solution, gas dissolved in liquid, or mixture. In some embodiments, the gas generator may employ a piston, rotating rod, or other element(s) to expose the chemical supply to the catalyst in controlled amounts. In another embodiment, the self-regulating gas generator uses bang-bang control, with the element(s) exposing a catalyst, contained within the chemical supply chamber, to the chemical supply in ON and OFF states according to a self-adjusting duty cycle, thereby generating and outputting the gas in an orientation-independent manner. The gas generator may be used to provide gas for various gas consuming devices, such as a fuel cell, torch, or oxygen respiratory devices.
摘要翻译： 一种自我调节气体发生器，其响应于天然气需求，供应并自动调节化学品供应室中催化产生的气体（例如氢气或氧气）的数量，从适当的化学物质（如化学溶液），溶解的气体 在液体或混合物中。 在一些实施方案中，气体发生器可以使用活塞，旋转杆或其它元件以以受控的量暴露出催化剂的化学物质。 在另一个实施例中，自调节气体发生器使用爆炸控制，其中包含在化学物质供应室内的催化剂的元素根据自调节占空比在ON和OFF状态下进入化学物质供应 ，从而以取向不依赖的方式产生和输出气体。 气体发生器可用于为各种燃气消耗装置（例如燃料电池，割炬或氧气呼吸装置）提供气体。
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公开(公告)号：US20130295002A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13465798
申请日：2012-05-07
CPC分类号： B01J7/00 , C01B3/065 , C01B13/02 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A self-regulating gas generator that, in response to gas demand, supplies and automatically adjusts the amount of gas (e.g., hydrogen or oxygen) catalytically generated in a chemical supply chamber from an appropriate chemical supply, such as a chemical solution, gas dissolved in liquid, or mixture. In some embodiments, the gas generator may employ a piston, rotating rod, or other element(s) to expose the chemical supply to the catalyst in controlled amounts. In another embodiment, the self-regulating gas generator uses bang-bang control, with the element(s) exposing a catalyst, contained within the chemical supply chamber, to the chemical supply in ON and OFF states according to a self-adjusting duty cycle, thereby generating and outputting the gas in an orientation-independent manner. The gas generator may be used to provide gas for various gas consuming devices, such as a fuel cell, torch, or oxygen respiratory devices.
摘要翻译： 一种自我调节气体发生器，其响应于天然气需求，供应并自动调节化学品供应室中催化产生的气体（例如氢气或氧气）的数量，从适当的化学物质（如化学溶液）溶解气体 在液体或混合物中。 在一些实施方案中，气体发生器可以使用活塞，旋转杆或其它元件以以受控的量暴露出催化剂的化学物质。 在另一个实施例中，自调节气体发生器使用爆炸控制，其中包含在化学物质供应室内的催化剂的元素根据自调节占空比在ON和OFF状态下进入化学物质供应 ，从而以取向不依赖的方式产生和输出气体。 气体发生器可用于为各种燃气消耗装置（例如燃料电池，割炬或氧气呼吸装置）提供气体。
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公开(公告)号：US20120280179A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-08
申请号：US13464881
申请日：2012-05-04
CPC分类号： B01J7/02 , B01J19/1893 , B01J23/36 , B01J23/42 , B01J23/44 , B01J23/462 , B01J23/464 , B01J23/468 , B01J23/755 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00182 , B01J2219/00186 , C01B3/065 , C06D5/04 , F17C11/00 , F17C11/005 , H01M8/04208 , H01M8/04216 , H01M8/065 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A self-regulating gas generator that, in response to gas demand, supplies and automatically adjusts the amount of gas (e.g., hydrogen or oxygen) catalytically generated in a chemical supply chamber from an appropriate chemical supply, such as a chemical solution, gas dissolved in liquid, or mixture. In some embodiments, the gas generator may employ a piston, rotating rod, or other element(s) to expose the chemical supply to the catalyst in controlled amounts. In another embodiment, the self-regulating gas generator uses bang-bang control, with the element(s) exposing a catalyst, contained within the chemical supply chamber, to the chemical supply in ON and OFF states according to a self-adjusting duty cycle, thereby generating and outputting the gas in an orientation-independent manner. The gas generator may be used to provide gas for various gas consuming devices, such as a fuel cell, torch, or oxygen respiratory devices.
摘要翻译： 一种自我调节气体发生器，其响应于天然气需求，供应并自动调节化学品供应室中催化产生的气体（例如氢气或氧气）的数量，从适当的化学物质（如化学溶液），溶解的气体 在液体或混合物中。 在一些实施方案中，气体发生器可以使用活塞，旋转杆或其它元件以以受控的量暴露出催化剂的化学物质。 在另一个实施例中，自调节气体发生器使用爆炸控制，其中包含在化学物质供应室内的催化剂的元素根据自调节占空比在ON和OFF状态下进入化学物质供应 ，从而以取向不依赖的方式产生和输出气体。 气体发生器可用于为各种燃气消耗装置（例如燃料电池，割炬或氧气呼吸装置）提供气体。
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公开(公告)号：US08172912B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-08
申请号：US10989116
申请日：2004-11-15
CPC分类号： B01J23/40 , B01J7/02 , B01J19/1893 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00182 , B01J2219/00186 , C01B3/065 , F17C11/00 , F17C11/005 , H01M8/04208 , H01M8/04216 , H01M8/065 , H01M8/0687 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/324 , Y02E60/362 , Y02E60/364
摘要： A self-regulating gas generator that, in response to gas demand, supplies and automatically adjusts the amount of gas (e.g., hydrogen or oxygen) catalytically generated in a chemical supply chamber from an appropriate chemical supply, such as a chemical solution, gas dissolved in liquid, or mixture. The gas generator may employ a piston, rotating rod, or other element(s) to expose the chemical supply to the catalyst in controlled amounts. The gas generator may be used to provide gas for various gas consuming devices, such as a fuel cell, torch, or oxygen respiratory devices.
摘要翻译： 一种自我调节气体发生器，其响应于天然气需求，供应并自动调节化学品供应室中催化产生的气体（例如氢气或氧气）的数量，从适当的化学物质（如化学溶液），溶解的气体 在液体或混合物中。 气体发生器可以使用活塞，旋转杆或其他元件以以受控的量暴露催化剂的化学品供应。 气体发生器可用于为各种燃气消耗装置（例如燃料电池，割炬或氧气呼吸装置）提供气体。
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公开(公告)号：US07943675B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-17
申请号：US12049542
申请日：2008-03-17
申请人： John Muldoon , Ryszard J. Wycisk , Jun Lin , Peter N. Pintauro , Kohai Hase
发明人： John Muldoon , Ryszard J. Wycisk , Jun Lin , Peter N. Pintauro , Kohai Hase
CPC分类号： H01M4/8668 , H01M4/8605 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： Improved polymer-based materials are described, for example for use as an electrode binder in a fuel cell. A fuel cell according to an example of the present invention comprises a first electrode including a catalyst and an electrode binder, a second electrode, and an electrolyte located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte may be a proton-exchange membrane (PEM). The electrode binder includes one or more polymers, such as a polyphosphazene.
摘要翻译： 描述了改进的基于聚合物的材料，例如用作燃料电池中的电极粘合剂。 根据本发明实施例的燃料电池包括包含催化剂和电极粘合剂的第一电极，第二电极和位于第一电极和第二电极之间的电解质。 电解质可以是质子交换膜（PEM）。 电极粘合剂包括一种或多种聚合物，例如聚磷腈。
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6.发明授权Synthesis of a low trans-content edible oil, non-edible oil, or fatty acid in a solid polymer electrolyte reactor 失效在固体聚合物电解质反应器中合成低反式含量食用油，非食用油或脂肪酸公开(公告)号：US06218556B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-17
申请号：US08748210
申请日：1996-11-12
申请人： Peter N. Pintauro
发明人： Peter N. Pintauro
IPC分类号： C11B300
摘要： An electrochemical process for hydrogenating an unsaturated fatty acid, mixtures of two or more fatty acids, or the unsaturated fatty acid constituents of an edible or non-edible oil's triglycerides is performed using a solid polymer electrolyte reactor. Membrane electrode assemblies consist of a cation exchange membrane onto which porous anode and cathode electrodes are attached. As the electrodes are permeable, reactant and products enter and leave the membrane/cathode and membrane/anode reaction zones via the back sides of the electrodes. Hydrogen is generated in situ by the electro-reduction of protons that are formed at the anode and which migrate through the ion exchange membrane for reaction with the fifty acids or fatty acid constituents. In the disclosed process, only protons (H+ ions) carry the current between the anode and the cathode. The need for a supporting electrolyte to conduct electricity has been circumvented. The disclosed process operates at a low to moderate temperature at atmospheric or moderate pressure without the use of a supporting electrolyte that will contaminate the oil. A novel partially hydrogenated oil product selected from the group consisting of a partially hydrogenated fatty acid, a partially hydrogenated triglyceride, and mixtures thereof is produced by the disclosed process. The product produced from the disclosed process has: a trans-isomer content lower than that of a similarly hydrogenated oil product formed in a high temperature chemical catalytic reaction process; a peroxide value of less than about 1.5%; free fatty acid content of less than about 0.02%; and, improved purity.
摘要翻译： 使用固体聚合物电解质反应器进行用于氢化不饱和脂肪酸，两种或更多种脂肪酸的混合物或可食用或不可食用油的甘油三酸酯的不饱和脂肪酸组分的电化学方法。 膜电极组件由多孔阳极和阴极连接到其上的阳离子交换膜组成。 由于电极是可渗透的，反应物和产物经由电极的背面进入和离开膜/阴极和膜/阳极反应区。 通过在阳极处形成的质子的电还原原位生成氢，并通过离子交换膜迁移以与五十酸或脂肪酸组分反应。 在所公开的方法中，只有质子（H +离子）承载阳极和阴极之间的电流。 需要配套的电解质进行电力的设计已经被规避了。 所公开的方法在大气压或中等压力下在低至中等温度下操作，而不使用将污染油的支撑电解质。 通过公开的方法制备选自部分氢化的脂肪酸，部分氢化的甘油三酸酯及其混合物的新型部分氢化油产物。 从所公开的方法生产的产品具有：反式异构体含量低于在高温化学催化反应过程中形成的类似氢化油产物的反式异构体含量; 过氧化值小于约1.5％; 游离脂肪酸含量小于约0.02％; 并提高纯度。
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公开(公告)号：US08741454B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-03
申请号：US11770249
申请日：2007-06-28
IPC分类号： H01M4/86
CPC分类号： H01M8/1034 , B01D71/72 , B01D71/82 , C08J5/2256 , C08J2379/06 , H01M8/1067 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A proton exchange membrane (PEM) with an ion exchange capacity of not less than 1 molar equivalent per kilogram and less than 20% water swelling is provided. The PEM includes a polymer having a polyphosphazene backbone with a polyaromatic functional group linked to the polyphosphazene as a polyaromatic side chain, a non-polyaromatic functional group linked to the polyphosphazene as a non-polyaromatic side chain, and an acidic functional group linked to the non-polyaromatic side chain. The polyaromatic functional group linked to the polyphosphazene provides for increased thermal and chemical stability, excellent ionic conductivities and low water swelling. The mole fraction of polyaromatic functional groups linked to the polyphosphazene backbone is between 0.05 and 0.60.
摘要翻译： 提供离子交换容量不小于1摩尔当量/千克且小于20％的水溶胀的质子交换膜（PEM）。 PEM包括具有聚磷腈主链的聚合物，其具有与作为聚芳基侧链的聚磷腈连接的多芳族官能团，与作为非多芳族侧链的聚磷腈连接的非多芳族官能团和与 非多芳族侧链。 与聚磷腈连接的多芳基官能团提供了增加的热和化学稳定性，优异的离子电导率和低的水溶胀。 与聚磷腈骨架连接的多芳族官能团的摩尔分数为0.05-0.60。
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公开(公告)号：US20130209913A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-15
申请号：US13823968
申请日：2011-10-27
申请人： Peter N. Pintauro , Wenjing Zhang
发明人： Peter N. Pintauro , Wenjing Zhang
CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 , B29C47/0014 , D01D5/0007 , D01D5/003 , H01M4/8853 , H01M4/8864 , H01M4/8896 , H01M4/9041 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/102 , H01M8/1039 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： In one aspect, a method of forming an electrode for an electrochemical device is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of mixing at least a first amount of a catalyst and a second amount of an ionomer or uncharged polymer to form a solution and delivering the solution into a metallic needle having a needle tip. The method further includes the steps of applying a voltage between the needle tip and a collector substrate positioned at a distance from the needle tip, and extruding the solution from the needle tip at a flow rate such as to generate electrospun fibers and deposit the generated fibers on the collector substrate to form a mat with a porous network of fibers. Each fiber in the porous network of the mat has distributed particles of the catalyst. The method also includes the step of pressing the mat onto a membrane.
摘要翻译： 一方面，公开了一种形成电化学装置用电极的方法。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括以下步骤：混合至少第一量的催化剂和第二量的离聚物或不带电聚合物以形成溶液并将溶液输送到具有针尖的金属针中。 该方法还包括以下步骤：在针尖和位于距针尖一定距离处的收集器基底之间施加电压，并以流速挤出来自针尖的溶液，以产生电纺纤维并沉积生成的纤维 在收集器基板上形成具有多孔纤维网的垫。 垫的多孔网中的每个纤维具有分布的催化剂颗粒。 该方法还包括将垫压在膜上的步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US20090004526A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-01
申请号：US11770249
申请日：2007-06-28
IPC分类号： H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/1034 , B01D71/72 , B01D71/82 , C08J5/2256 , C08J2379/06 , H01M8/1067 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A proton exchange membrane (PEM) with an ion exchange capacity of not less than 1 molar equivalent per kilogram and less than 20% water swelling is provided. The PEM includes a polymer having a polyphosphazene backbone with a polyaromatic functional group linked to the polyphosphazene as a polyaromatic side chain, a non-polyaromatic functional group linked to the polyphosphazene as a non-polyaromatic side chain, and an acidic functional group linked to the non-polyaromatic side chain. The polyaromatic functional group linked to the polyphosphazene provides for increased thermal and chemical stability, excellent ionic conductivities and low water swelling. The mole fraction of polyaromatic functional groups linked to the polyphosphazene backbone is between 0.05 and 0.60.
摘要翻译： 提供离子交换容量不小于1摩尔当量/千克且小于20％的水溶胀的质子交换膜（PEM）。 PEM包括具有聚磷腈主链的聚合物，其具有与作为聚芳基侧链的聚磷腈连接的多芳族官能团，与作为非多芳族侧链的聚磷腈连接的非多芳族官能团和与 非多芳族侧链。 与聚磷腈连接的多芳基官能团提供了增加的热和化学稳定性，优异的离子电导率和低的水溶胀。 与聚磷腈骨架连接的多芳族官能团的摩尔分数为0.05-0.60。
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10.发明授权Integral asymmetric fluoropolymer pervaporation membranes and method of making the same 失效积分不对称含氟聚合物渗透蒸发膜及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5387378A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US51050
申请日：1993-04-21
申请人： Peter N. Pintauro , Kangzhuang Jian
发明人： Peter N. Pintauro , Kangzhuang Jian
CPC分类号： B01D71/34 , B01D61/362 , B01D67/0009 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/32 , B01D2323/08 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2325/04
摘要： The present invention provides a method for fabricating an asymmetric fluoropolymer membrane comprised of a fluoropolymer material, the membrane having a first surface comprised of a dense layer of the fluoropolymer material, and an opposite second surface comprised of a porous layer of the fluoropolymer material, comprising the steps of:(a) dissolving a fluoropolymer material in a solvent to form a solution;(b) depositing the solution on a casting surface; and(c) removing the solvent from the solution, thereby precipitating the membrane therefrom.The present invention also provides asymmetric fluoropolymer membranes comprised of a fluoropolymer material, wherein the membrane has a first surface comprised of a dense layer of the fluoropolymer material, and an opposite second surface comprised of a porous layer of the fluoropolymer material, and provides compositions for making the same.The present invention further provides a method for separating one or more organic compounds from a mixture of organic compounds or one or more organic compounds from water by pervaporation or vapor permeation, comprising the steps of:(a) placing an asymmetric fluoropolymer membrane comprised of a fluoropolymer material into a suitable pervaporation or vapor permeation apparatus such that the membrane forms a selectively permeable barrier to one or more compounds of the mixture, the membrane having a first surface comprised of a dense layer of the fluoropolymer material, and an opposite second surface comprised of a porous layer of the fluoropolymer material;(b) contacting the first surface of the membrane with the mixture; and(c) transporting permeate through the membrane by creating a difference in the partial pressure of the compounds between the first and second surfaces of the membrane.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种制造由含氟聚合物材料构成的不对称含氟聚合物膜的方法，所述膜具有由含氟聚合物材料的致密层构成的第一表面和由含氟聚合物材料的多孔层组成的相对的第二表面， 步骤：（a）将含氟聚合物材料溶解在溶剂中以形成溶液; （b）将溶液沉积在铸造表面上; 和（c）从溶液中除去溶剂，从而使膜沉淀。 本发明还提供由含氟聚合物材料组成的不对称含氟聚合物膜，其中所述膜具有由含氟聚合物材料的致密层构成的第一表面和由含氟聚合物材料的多孔层组成的相对的第二表面，并且提供用于 做同样的事情 本发明还提供了一种通过渗透蒸发或蒸汽渗透从有机化合物或一种或多种有机化合物的混合物中分离出一种或多种有机化合物的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）将不对称含氟聚合物膜 含氟聚合物材料转化成合适的渗透蒸发或蒸气渗透装置，使得膜对一种或多种混合物的化合物形成选择性渗透的屏障，该膜具有由含氟聚合物材料的致密层组成的第一表面，以及包含相对的第二表面 的含氟聚合物材料的多孔层; （b）使膜的第一表面与混合物接触; 和（c）通过产生膜的第一和第二表面之间的化合物的分压差而将渗透物输送通过膜。
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