摘要:
Disclosed herein are methods of preparing bitumen for transport, apparatus for preparing bitumen for transport, methods of transporting bitumen, and transportation-ready forms of bitumen. Instead of relying on exogenous components to induce bitumen solidification, the methods and apparatus of the present disclosure reorganize bituminous materials derived from the same origin into core-shell bitumen microcapsules, such that relatively low solubility components (e.g. asphaltenes) encapsulate relatively high solubility components (e.g. maltenes). Importantly, the bitumen microcapsules of the present disclosure are sufficiently mechanically resilient to meet one or more thresholds for midstream transportation, and they are readily fluidized for downstream processing with conventional technologies. Taken together, these aspects may ameliorate one or more challenges in achieving commercially viable bitumen solidification technologies.
摘要:
A process of increasing recovery rate of hydrocarbon from a reservoir of bituminous sands is disclosed. The process comprises softening bitumen in a region in the reservoir to generate a fluid comprising a hydrocarbon, to allow the fluid to drain by gravity from the region into a production well below the region for recovery of the hydrocarbon; and providing vapour of a compound to the region, and allowing the compound to disperse and condense in the region. The compound is represented by wherein (i) m is 1, and A is —NH2 or —N(H)CH2CH2OH; or (ii) m is 1 or greater than 1, and A is —OR1, R1 being an alkyl group. A mixture comprising steam and vapour of the compound for injection into the reservoir and a system for recovery of hydrocarbon from the reservoir are also disclosed.
摘要:
A wellbore assembly comprises a tubular member adapted to be connected to other tubular members, the tubular member having a side wall defining a hollow interior and an array of openings therethrough to permit material into the interior. A screening element extends about the tubular member over the array of openings to control the material that reaches the array of openings. A stress relieving arrangement associated with the screening element permits relative movement between the screening element and the tubular member to absorb stress build-up within the screening element whether due to mechanical or temperature induced forces that would tend to distortion the screening elements. In a preferred arrangement, the wellbore assembly serves to maintain solids control in production wells while accommodating stresses and strains that occur within the tubular members in those wells.
摘要:
Dynamic power savings and efficient use of resources are achieved in a programmable logic device (PLD) such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or complex programmable logic device (CPLD) by receiving a design netlist specifying a circuit including clock signals, clock buffers, clock enable signals and synchronous elements, examining the design netlist to identify synchronous elements coupled to common clock and clock enable signals, cutting the clock signals to the synchronous elements to form a modified design netlist, inserting gated clock buffers into the modified netlist to output gated clock signals to the synchronous elements, responsive to the clock enable signals, and performing placement and routing on the modified netlist. A system for performing the method on an EDA tool is provided. The methods may be provided as executable instructions stored on a computer readable medium which cause a programmable processor to perform the methods.
摘要:
A method of reducing power of a circuit is described. The method includes determining at least one unused selection input associated with stages of a multiplexer tree; pulling the at least one unused selection input to a constant value; and assigning predetermined values to unused data inputs of the multiplexer tree associated with the at least one unused selection input.
摘要:
An integrated thermal recovery process using a solvent of a pentane or hexane or both as an additive to, or sole component of, a gravity-dominated process for recovering bitumen or heavy oil from a reservoir. A pentane-hexane specific solvent fraction is extracted at surface from a diluent stream. That pentane-hexane solvent fraction is then injected into the reservoir as part of a gravity-dominated recovery process within the reservoir, and when that solvent fraction is subsequently produced as part of the oil or bitumen blend, it is allowed to remain within the blend to enhance the subsequent blend treating and transportation steps. Meanwhile, the remainder of the diluent from which the solvent stream had been extracted is utilized at surface as a blending stream to serve as an aid in treating of produced fluids and also to serve as a means of rendering the bitumen or heavy oil stream pipelineable.
摘要:
A slotted liner having straight-cut liner slots with a wall roughness which does not exceed 1 μm. A slot cutting method to produce smooth slots using a specified blade configuration, rotational speed, and feed rate.
摘要:
An integrated thermal recovery process using a solvent of a pentane or hexane or both as an additive to, or sole component of, a gravity-dominated process for recovering bitumen or heavy oil from a reservoir. A pentane-hexane specific solvent fraction is extracted at surface from a diluent stream. That pentane-hexane solvent fraction is then injected into the reservoir as part of a gravity-dominated recovery process within the reservoir, and when that solvent fraction is subsequently produced as part of the oil or bitumen blend, it is allowed to remain within the blend to enhance the subsequent blend treating and transportation steps. Meanwhile, the remainder of the diluent from which the solvent stream had been extracted is utilized at surface as a blending stream to serve as an aid in treating of produced fluids and also to serve as a means of rendering the bitumen or heavy oil stream pipelineable.
摘要:
A method of initiating or accelerating the establishment of fluid communication between horizontal wells located in a formation of very limited fluid mobility, such as an oil sand at original temperature or an infill well completed in an immobile hydrocarbon region located between surrounding well patterns in which a gravity-dominated recovery process is or has been operated.
摘要:
Various approaches for generating an implementation of an electronic circuit design are disclosed. In one approach, one or more configuration bits that have don't care conditions are identified for a LUT block of a design. A dynamic power state for a subset of a first level of logic devices in the LUT block is determined as a function of each identified configuration bit that has a don't care condition. A dynamic power state for a subset of a second level of logic devices is determined as a function of the determined power state for the first level of logic devices. A respective value for each identified configuration bit of the LUT is selected in response to the determined dynamic power states. The respective value is placed into the design for each identified configuration bit.