摘要:
An air heater for heating intake air for an internal combustion engine only in cold start or further warming up operation, having a frame which defines an opening for passing air therethrough, and at least one heater element in the shape of a perforated plate such as a lattice or honeycomb plate supported by the frame so as to traverse only a part of the opening area of the air passage opening, while leaving a substantial part of the opening area free as untraversed by the heater element.
摘要:
In an apparatus for heating intake air arranged in an intake air passage, a heater member of ceramic material having apertures for passing air therethrough is supported between upper and lower frame members. Metal plate members, such as silver plate members, are inserted between the end portions of the heater member and the electrode lead members which connect the heater member with terminal bolts of the heating apparatus.
摘要:
A self-temperature controlling type heating device comprises a positive temperature coefficient ceramic resistor having a thin layer portion, a first electrode provided on one face of the thin layer portion, a second electrode provided on the other face of the thin layer portion opposite to the first electrode, and at least one third electrode provided on the surface of the PTC ceramic resistor in spaced relation to the first electrode. An electric current is allowed to flow between the first and second electrodes to form a heating element, and an electric resistance value between the first and third electrodes is detected to thereby make a temperature control. Thus, a high output is obtained at a low voltage and the control temperature is freely varied.
摘要:
Anti-reducing semiconducting porcelain having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance comprises a barium titanate composition, and a flux containing 0.14 to 2.88 parts by weight of TiO.sub.2 0.1 to 1.6 parts by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.1 to 1.6 parts by weight of SiO.sub.2 per 100 parts by weight of the barium titanate composition. It has a high positive temperature coefficient of resistance which does not show any appreciable change in the presence of a reducing atmosphere, such as hydrogen gas or gasified gasoline. It need not be isolated from a reducing atmosphere by a plastic or metallic enclosure, but can be exposed thereto. The flux may further contain a zinc, potassium or lithium compound.
摘要:
A positive ceramic semiconductor device having positive temperature coefficient of resistance comprises a pair of electrodes provided on a ceramic semiconductor substrate. One of the paired electrodes which is to serve as the positive pole is basically constituted by at least an electrically conductive layer of silver-palladium series containing silver and palladium at a predetermined ratio. For preventing a localized current concentration from occurring in the current conducting state, improvement is made as the structure of the positive pole electrode ormed of the electrically conductive material of silver-palladium series and/or the structure of the negative pole electrode. Silver-migration phenomenon on the positive ceramic semiconductor substrate as well as degradation of the mechanical strength thereof is positively prevented.
摘要:
A lead wire for a sensor has a conductor unit including at least stainless steel wires and copper wires. By setting the cross-sectional percentage of the stainless steel wires in the conductor unit within the range of 30 to 70%, it is possible to obtain a lead wire having low electrical resistance, and high flexibility, tensile strength and elasticity. There are preferred values in hardness and heat treatment of the stainless steel wires. The copper wires are preferably coated with an antioxidant film. The lead wire may include hybrid wires stranded together and obtained by integrally molding or forming stainless steel and copper. It is preferable that the lead wire is coated with an insulating coating material such as a Teflon type resin.
摘要:
An oxygen concentration detector has a detecting element comprising a solid electrolyte inserted into a housing and heating means for heating the detecting element, and the outer surface of the detecting element is provided with a surface layer, the contact angle of the surface layer being larger than the contact angle of the outer surface of the detecting element with which the surface layer directly contacts.
摘要:
An oxygen sensor element is inserted and fixed in a housing. A base body is provided at an end of the housing. The base body is made of a resin. The base body has a flange at an end. The housing has a caulking portion which is deformable when received a pressing force acting in a direction parallel to an axis of the oxygen sensor. By deforming the caulking portion, the flange is tightly connected with the caulking portion.
摘要:
There is provided a low-cost satellite broadcast tuner capable of receiving and processing both a QPSK modulation signal and an FM signal while assuring simple connection of an LNB (low noise block) to the tuner. A single front-end section including an RF stage, a mixer, a local oscillator circuit, an IF stage, an AGC loop is used for both an FM detector and an I/Q quadrature detector, so that both the FM signal and the QPSK modulation signal are received and processed in the single front-end section. In the above case, power supplied to the FM detector for detecting the FM signal, and power supplied to a local oscillator circuit required for detecting the QPSK modulation signal is turned off when receiving the FM signal.
摘要:
A remote control system includes a first remote control unit having complete functional capabilities and a second remote control unit having simplified and abbreviated functional capabilities. An apparatus is controlled in a detailed manner by the first remote control unit. For example, the operational mode and timer settings are set by the first remote control unit. On the other hand, the second remote control unit is limited to activating and deactivating the apparatus and/or the timer of the apparatus.