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    Tracking guest memory characteristics for memory scheduling
    2.
    发明授权
    Tracking guest memory characteristics for memory scheduling 有权
    跟踪访客内存特性进行内存调度

    公开(公告)号：US09529609B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-12-27

    申请号：US14101796

    申请日：2013-12-10

    申请人： VMware, Inc.

    发明人： Xavier DeGuillard ,  Ishan Banerjee ,  Qasim Ali ,  Yury Baskakov ,  Kiran Tati ,  Rajesh Venkatasubramanian

    IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/50

    CPC分类号： G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/5016 ,  G06F9/5077 ,  G06F2009/45583 ,  G06F2212/152

    摘要： A system and method are disclosed for improving operation of a memory scheduler operating on a host machine supporting virtual machines (VMs) in which guest operating systems and guest applications run. For each virtual machine, the host machine hypervisor categorizes memory pages into memory usage classes and estimates the total number of pages for each memory usage class. The memory scheduler uses this information to perform memory reclamation and allocation operations for each virtual machine. The memory scheduler further selects between ballooning reclamation and swapping reclamation operations based in part on the numbers of pages in each memory usage class for the virtual machine. Calls to the guest operating system provide the memory usage class information. Memory reclamation not only can improve the performance of existing VMs, but can also permit the addition of a VM on the host machine without substantially impacting the performance of the existing and new VMs.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种系统和方法，用于改进在支持客机操作系统和来宾应用运行的虚拟机（VM）的主机上运行的存储器调度器的操作。 对于每个虚拟机，主机管理程序将内存页分为内存使用类，并估计每个内存使用类的总页数。 内存调度器使用该信息为每个虚拟机执行内存回收和分配操作。 存储器调度器还部分地基于虚拟机的每个存储器使用类别中的页数来选择气球回收和交换回收操作之间。 对客户机操作系统的调用提供了内存使用类信息。 内存回收不仅可以提高现有虚拟机的性能，还可以允许在主机上添加虚拟机，而不会对现有和新的虚拟机造成实质性的影响。

    Method for restoring virtual machine state from a checkpoint file
    3.
    发明授权
    Method for restoring virtual machine state from a checkpoint file 有权
    从检查点文件恢复虚拟机状态的方法

    公开(公告)号：US09053065B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-06-09

    申请号：US13710215

    申请日：2012-12-10

    申请人： VMware, Inc.

    发明人： Alexander Thomas Garthwaite ,  Yury Baskakov ,  Irene Zhang ,  Kevin Scott Christopher ,  Jesse Pool

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F12/16

    CPC分类号： G06F12/16 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/461 ,  G06F2009/45575 ,  G06F2009/45583

    摘要： A process for lazy checkpointing is enhanced to reduce the number of read/write accesses to the checkpoint file and thereby speed up the checkpointing process. The process for restoring a state of a virtual machine (VM) running in a physical machine from a checkpoint file that is maintained in persistent storage includes the steps of detecting access to a memory page of the virtual machine that has not been read into physical memory of the VM from the checkpoint file, determining a storage block of the checkpoint file to which the accessed memory page maps, writing contents of the storage block in a buffer, and copying contents of a block of memory pages that includes the accessed memory page from the buffer to corresponding locations of the memory pages in the physical memory of the VM. The storage block of the checkpoint file may be compressed or uncompressed.

    摘要翻译： 增强了用于延迟检查点的过程，以减少对检查点文件的读/写访问次数，从而加快了检查点处理过程。 从维护在持久存储器中的检查点文件恢复在物理机器中运行的虚拟机（VM）的状态的过程包括以下步骤：检测对尚未被读入物理存储器的虚拟机的存储器页面的访问 从所述检查点文件确定所述VM的存储块，确定所访问的存储器页映射到的所述检查点文件的存储块，将所述存储块的内容写入缓冲器，以及将包括所访问的存储器页的存储器页块的内容从 缓冲区到VM的物理内存中的内存页的相应位置。 检查点文件的存储块可以被压缩或未压缩。

    Techniques for reducing read I/O latency in virtual machines
    6.
    发明授权
    Techniques for reducing read I/O latency in virtual machines 有权
    降低虚拟机中读取I / O延迟的技术

    公开(公告)号：US09342248B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-05-17

    申请号：US14265062

    申请日：2014-04-29

    申请人： VMware, Inc.

    发明人： Yury Baskakov ,  Kapil Arya ,  Alexander Thomas Garthwaite

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F3/06 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F9/455

    CPC分类号： G06F3/0611 ,  G06F3/0647 ,  G06F3/0664 ,  G06F3/0685 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F12/1081 ,  G06F12/109 ,  G06F2212/657

    摘要： A computer implemented method for reducing the latency of an anticipated read of disk blocks from a swap file in a virtualized environment. The environment includes a host swap file maintained by a host operating system and a guest swap file maintained but a guest operating system. First, the method identifies a sequence of disk blocks that was written in the guest swap file. The method then detects within the sequence of blocks a first disk block that contains a reference to a second disk block that is stored in the host swap file. The method then replaces the first disk block in the guest swap file with the second disk block.

    摘要翻译： 一种计算机实现的方法，用于减少虚拟化环境中的交换文件中磁盘块预期读取的延迟。 环境包括由主机操作系统维护的主机交换文件和维护客机操作系统的客户交换文件。 首先，该方法识别在客户交换文件中写入的一系列磁盘块。 该方法然后在块序列内检测包含对存储在主机交换文件中的第二磁盘块的引用的第一磁盘块。 然后，该方法将客户交换文件中的第一个磁盘块替换为第二个磁盘块。

    TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING READ I/O LATENCY IN VIRTUAL MACHINES
    7.
    发明申请
    TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING READ I/O LATENCY IN VIRTUAL MACHINES 有权
    在虚拟机中减少读取I / O延迟的技术

    公开(公告)号：US20150309736A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-10-29

    申请号：US14265062

    申请日：2014-04-29

    申请人： VMware, Inc.

    发明人： Yury Baskakov ,  Kapil Arya ,  Alexander Thomas Garthwaite

    IPC分类号： G06F3/06 ,  G06F9/455

    CPC分类号： G06F3/0611 ,  G06F3/0647 ,  G06F3/0664 ,  G06F3/0685 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F12/1081 ,  G06F12/109 ,  G06F2212/657

    摘要： A computer implemented method for reducing the latency of an anticipated read of disk blocks from a swap file in a virtualized environment. The environment includes a host swap file maintained by a host operating system and a guest swap file maintained but a guest operating system. First, the method identifies a sequence of disk blocks that was written in the guest swap file. The method then detects within the sequence of blocks a first disk block that contains a reference to a second disk block that is stored in the host swap file. The method then replaces the first disk block in the guest swap file with the second disk block.

    摘要翻译： 一种计算机实现的方法，用于减少虚拟化环境中的交换文件中磁盘块预期读取的延迟。 环境包括由主机操作系统维护的主机交换文件和维护客机操作系统的客户交换文件。 首先，该方法识别在客户交换文件中写入的一系列磁盘块。 该方法然后在块序列内检测包含对存储在主机交换文件中的第二磁盘块的引用的第一磁盘块。 然后，该方法将客户交换文件中的第一个磁盘块替换为第二个磁盘块。

    Identification of low-activity large memory pages
    10.
    发明授权
    Identification of low-activity large memory pages 有权
    识别低活动大内存页

    公开(公告)号：US09330015B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-05-03

    申请号：US14302051

    申请日：2014-06-11

    申请人： VMware, Inc.

    发明人： Yury Baskakov ,  Peng Gao ,  Joyce Kay Spencer

    IPC分类号： G06F12/08 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F9/50 ,  G06F9/455

    CPC分类号： G06F12/1009 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/5077 ,  G06F12/0253 ,  G06F12/1027 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F2009/45583 ,  G06F2212/1024 ,  G06F2212/651 ,  G06F2212/652 ,  G06F2212/657

    摘要： Large pages that may impede memory performance in computer systems are identified. In operation, mappings to selected large pages are temporarily demoted to mappings to small pages and accesses to these small pages are then tracked. For each selected large page, an activity level is determined based on the tracked accesses to the small pages included in the large page. By strategically selecting relatively low activity large pages for decomposition into small pages and subsequent memory reclamation while restoring the mappings to relatively high activity large pages, memory consumption is improved, while limiting performance impact attributable to using small pages.

    摘要翻译： 确定可能阻碍计算机系统中的记忆性能的大页面。 在操作中，与所选大页面的映射临时降级到小页面的映射，然后跟踪对这些小页面的访问。 对于每个选定的大页面，基于对包含在大页面中的小页面的跟踪访问来确定活动级别。 通过战略性地选择相对较低的活动大页面进行分解为小页面和随后的内存回收，同时将映射恢复到相对较高的活动大页面，提高了内存消耗，同时限制了使用小页面的性能影响。