摘要:
Manufacture of insoluble polyvinyl lactams in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of .alpha.- or .beta.-ketocarboxylic acids or esters thereof.
摘要:
Manufacture of insoluble polyvinyl lactams by polymerization in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of sulfur compounds having a functionality of less than 6.
摘要:
Low molecular weight poly-N-vinyl-pyrrolidone-2 is prepared by polymerizing N-vinylpyrrolidone-2 at elevated temperature in the presence of organic peroxides which carry organic radicals on either side of the peroxide group.
摘要:
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine, manufactured by reaction of iodine and a polyvinylpyrrolidone obtained by polymerization in an anhydrous organic solvent in the presence of a source of free radicals and optionally in the presence of a heavy metal of atomic number from 23 to 29, in the form of a complex compound or of a salt with an organic acid, as a co-activator, followed by steam distillation of this polyvinylpyrrolidone, if appropriate. The PVP-iodine of the invention is very stable and can be used as a disinfectant.
摘要:
Aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine, generally referred to as PVP-iodine, which is finding increasing use because of its germicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal and disinfectant properties.
摘要:
Complexes in powder form of iodine and a crosslinked polymer based on N-vinyl compounds are obtainable by dry heating of iodine and a polymer which is obtained by polymerization of monovinyl compounds (monomers A) whose vinyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom of a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, in the presence of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the monomers (A), of a compound (B) of the formula I; where A is —CH— or a nitrogen atom, and n is 2 or 3. The complexes are suitable for producing antidiarrheals.
摘要:
Graft polymers which contain N-vinyl units and in which the grafting base is a polymer which contains in each case at least 5% by weight of units of the formulae ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers are grafted onto the grafting base in a weight ratio of from 100:1 to 1:100, and which have K values of at least 7 (determined according to H. Fikentscher in 5% strength by weight aqueous solution at 25.degree. C. and pH 7), are prepared by polymerization of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of polymers which in each case contain at least 5% by weight of units of the formulae I and/or II as the grafting base in a weight ratio of from 100:1 to 1:100, and are used as dispersants for pigments, as additives for detergents and cleaning agents, and strength agents for paper and as soil stabilizers and for fertilizer compaction.
摘要:
Maleimide/.alpha.-olefin copolymers are composed of structural units I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a tetramethylpiperidinyl radical of the formula II ##STR2## R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, formyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkanoyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkoxy, C.sub.5 - or C.sub.6 -cycloalkoxy, cyanomethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, benzyl or a radical of the formula --CR.sup.4 =CH--CO--OR.sup.5, R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or a radical of the formula --CO--OR.sup.5, and R.sup.5 is C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.18 -aralkyl, phenyl or tolyl, and up to 8 mol %, based on II, of R.sup.1 may furthermore be hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, and R.sup.2 is a mixture of C.sub.14 -C.sub.28 -alkyl groups, where two of these alkyl groups, which may differ by no more than two carbon atoms, each account for at least 30% of this mixture, having an average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 50,000. The copolymers described are suitable as light stabilizers and stabilizers for organic material, in particular plastics and coatings.
摘要:
Nitrile impurities are eliminated from polymers which contain acyclic N-vinyl-carboxamide and/or vinylamine units by treating the polymers with at least one oxidizing agent a) with exposure to light and/or b) in the presence of heavy metal ions.
摘要:
Graft polymers are obtainable by free radical polymerization of(A) monomers or monomer mixtures of(a) from 10 to 100% by weight of open-chain N-vinylcarboxamides(b) from 0 to 90% by weight of other, carboxyl-free monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight of monomers containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of(B) natural substances containing saccharide structures, such as mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides,in a weight ratio (A):(B) of from 95:5 to 20:80 and, if required, subsequent hydrolysis of the amido groups of the polymerized monomers (a) of the graft polymer with formation of amino groups, and said polymers are used as dry and wet strength agents for paper, board and cardboard.