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公开(公告)号：US5047911A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-10
申请号：US223035
申请日：1988-07-22
CPC分类号： H02M3/3353 , H02M3/335
摘要： The invention relates to a device (20) for a unipolarly operated component (9) capable of storing energy. This device (20) can be applied, for example, in an asymmetrical half bridge circuit (1). It compensates the dc magnetic flux which originates due to the unipolar operation and, hence permits making relatively small in size the component (9) capable of storing energy. Using a current converter (25, 32) with suitable winding ratio as an automatic and load-dependent compensation device, moreover, permits very flexible adaptation to load changes. Such adaptation is, in particular, required when very high pulsating current occurs on the primary side with simultaneous secondary no-load operation.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于能够存储能量的单极操作部件（9）的装置（20）。 该装置（20）可以应用于例如非对称半桥电路（1）中。 它补偿由于单极操作而产生的直流磁通，因此允许使能够存储能量的部件（9）的尺寸相对较小。 此外，使用具有适当绕组比率的电流转换器（25,32）作为自动和负载相关的补偿装置，允许非常灵活地适应负载变化。 特别地，当具有同时的二次空载操作的初级侧发生非常高的脉动电流时，特别需要这种适配。
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2.发明授权Direct-current-alternating-current inverter comprising a load which gains by forcing an output voltage of the direct-current-alternating-current inverter having a defined wave shape and frequency 失效直流 - 交流逆变器包括通过强制具有规定的波形和频率的直流 - 交流逆变器的输出电压而增益的负载
公开(公告)号：US4700281A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US795990
申请日：1985-11-06
申请人： Gernot Thorn , Friedrich-Werner Thomas , Johann Sturmer , Dietrich Dahlinger , Guido Hubertus , Wolfgang Sperzel
发明人： Gernot Thorn , Friedrich-Werner Thomas , Johann Sturmer , Dietrich Dahlinger , Guido Hubertus , Wolfgang Sperzel
CPC分类号： H02M7/527
摘要： The invention concerns a converter (2) provided with GTO thyristors the frequency and characteristic shape of its output voltage (U.sub.A) being constrained by a load (3). The frequency of the converter (2) is matched to the constrained output voltage (U.sub.A) with the aid of a regulating circuit (4). Non-simultaneously switched GTO thyristors are switched on and off in a predetermined timed relation to each other (FIG. 3).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有GTO晶闸管的转换器（2），其由负载（3）约束的其输出电压（UA）的频率和特征形状。 借助于调节电路（4），转换器（2）的频率与受约束的输出电压（UA）匹配。 非同时开关GTO晶闸管以预定的定时关系彼此接通和断开（图3）。
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3.发明授权Inverter with power supply to chopper through parallel resonant circuit tuned to twice the chopper frequency 失效逆变器电源通过并联谐振电路将斩波器调谐到斩波频率的两倍
公开(公告)号：US4748311A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-31
申请号：US19694
申请日：1987-02-27
IPC分类号： H02M7/538 , H02M7/5381 , H01J37/315 , H02M7/519
CPC分类号： H02M7/5381 , Y02B70/1441
摘要： The invention relates to an inverter with a direct-voltage source and a chopper section, the chopper section having push-pull switching at a frequency f.sub.0. A parallel tuned circuit, the resonant frequency of which is 2f.sub.0 is provided between the direct-voltage source and the chopper section.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有直流电压源和斩波器部分的逆变器，斩波器部分具有频率为f0的推挽开关。 在直流电压源和斩波器部分之间提供谐振频率为2f0的并联调谐电路。
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公开(公告)号：US4787023A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US59589
申请日：1987-06-08
CPC分类号： H02M5/2573 , H02M7/162
摘要： A power supply apparatus, in which the three phases of an alternating-current main are connected each through rectifier elements connected in antiparallel to the primary winding of a three-phase transformer. The secondary windings of this transformer are connected through rectifiers to a load device, such as an electron beam gun or other such device which produces short-circuits while in operation. Measuring sensors are provided on the primary AC side which, in the presence of an excess current on the primary AC side, block controlled rectifier elements. The blocking takes place very rapidly because GTO thyristors are used as rectifier elements. The decay of the magnetic energy in the transformer is achieved by the fact that the primary side of this transformer is connected in delta.
摘要翻译： 一种电源装置，其中交流主机的三相通过与三相变压器的初级绕组反向并联连接的整流元件连接。 该变压器的次级绕组通过整流器连接到负载装置，例如电子束枪或其他在运行时产生短路的装置。 测量传感器设置在主交流侧，在主交流侧存在过电流的情况下，可控整流元件。 由于使用GTO晶闸管作为整流元件，阻塞发生得非常快。 变压器磁能的衰减是通过这个变压器的初级侧以三角形连接的事实来实现的。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4995733A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-26
申请号：US453101
申请日：1989-12-13
IPC分类号： G01K1/10
CPC分类号： G01K1/105
摘要： The invention concerns a measurement sensor for the detection of temperatures in metal or alloy melts. This measurement sensor consists of a thermocouple (41) surrounded by a ceramic capillary (24) which is closed at its end by means of an adhesive (45) or the like. This measurement sensor is directly, i.e. without further sheathing, introduced into the melt (FIG. 3a).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于检测金属或合金熔体中的温度的测量传感器。 该测量传感器包括由陶瓷毛细管（24）包围的热电偶（41），陶瓷毛细管（24）的端部通过粘合剂（45）等闭合。 该测量传感器直接地，即没有进一步的护套，被引入到熔体中（图3a）。
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公开(公告)号：US4823263A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US885455
申请日：1986-07-14
摘要： In automatic melting crucible tipping it is important that, starting from a certain angular position, the melting crucible (1) is tipped according to a predetermined model until emptying is complete. This model can be obtained, for example, by the so-called teach-in process and can be stored in an analog or digital memory (89). In order to prevent abrupt movement of the crucible (1) when the molten material touches the pouring lip (3) of the crucible (1) when the pour-lip angle has been reached, according to the invention a correction arrangement (108, 109, 37) is provided which enables the tipping process to proceed continuously and without abrupt movements even in the case of different pour-lip angles.
摘要翻译： 在自动熔化坩埚倾翻中，重要的是，从特定角度位置开始，熔化坩埚（1）根据预定模型倾倒，直到排空完成。 该模型可以例如通过所谓的教导过程获得，并且可以存储在模拟或数字存储器（89）中。 为了防止当达到倾角时熔融材料接触坩埚（1）的倾倒唇（3）时坩埚（1）突然移动，根据本发明，校正装置（108,109 ，37），这使得即使在不同倾角的情况下，倾翻过程也能够连续地进行并且没有突然的移动。
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7.发明授权Process and apparatus for controlling the reactive deposit of coatings on substrates by means of magnetron cathodes 失效用于通过磁控管阴极控制衬底上涂层的反应沉积的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4895631A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US326404
申请日：1989-03-20
CPC分类号： H01J37/3244 , C23C14/0042 , H01J37/32935 , H01J37/3299 , H01J37/34 , H01J37/3444
摘要： A reaction gas is admitted in the immediate vicinity of a target on the cathode and a plasma is generated between the target and a substrate to be coated. The intensity of the spectral line of a target material is measured, and is used to provide a first signal with a relatively short time constant to a controller via a first control circuit. A property of the finished coating is sensed after the substrate leaves the coating zone, and is used to provide a second signal with a relatively long time constant to the controller via a second control circuit. The controller uses the combined signals to regulate the admission of the reaction gas so that a pre-established property of the finished coating is kept substantially constant.
摘要翻译： 反应气体在阴极上的目标物附近进入，并且在靶和待涂覆的基底之间产生等离子体。 测量目标材料的光谱线的强度，并且用于经由第一控制电路向控制器提供具有相对短的时间常数的第一信号。 在衬底离开涂覆区之后感测成品涂层的性质，并且用于经由第二控制电路向控制器提供具有相对较长时间常数的第二信号。 控制器使用组合信号来调节反应气体的入口，使得成品涂层的预先确定的性质保持基本上恒定。
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8.发明授权Apparatus for detecting the position of incidence of a beam of charge carriers on a target 失效用于检测目标上的电荷载流子束的入射位置的装置
公开(公告)号：US4843246A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US129340
申请日：1987-12-03
CPC分类号： H01J37/3005 , B23K15/0013
摘要： The invention concerns apparatus for detecting the position of incidence (2) of a beam (1) of charge carriers on a target (3) wherein X-rays (4) starting from the position of incidence (2) are detected by detector (7) connected to an analyzing circuit (9) An imaging system (5, 50; 10, 11, 12) is provided which can cover all the positions (P.sub.1 . . . P.sub.8) that the positions of incidence (2) can take up and projects them on the sensing surface of a position-sensitive detector (7), wherein the projected coordinates (x', y') are directly proportional to the coordinates (x, y) of the position of incidence (2). In addition, a filter (6) highly transparent to the X-ray radiation range emitted from the position of incidence (2) is arranged between the target surface (3) and the position-sensitive sensor (7). The position-sensitive detector (7) emits electric signals which depend from the coordinates (x, y) of the position of incidence (FIG. 1).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于检测目标（3）上的电荷载流子束（1）的入射位置（2）的设备，其中从入射位置（2）开始的X射线（4）由检测器（7）检测 ）连接到分析电路（9）提供成像系统（5,50; 10,11,12），其可覆盖入射位置（2）可占据的所有位置（P1 ... P8），以及 将它们投影在位置敏感检测器（7）的感测表面上，其中投影坐标（x'，y'）与入射位置（2）的坐标（x，y）成正比。 此外，在目标表面（3）和位置敏感传感器（7）之间布置有从入射位置（2）发射的X射线辐射范围高度透明的过滤器（6）。 位置敏感检测器（7）发射取决于入射位置的坐标（x，y）的电信号（图1）。
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9.发明授权Device for recognizing the impact site of a charge carrier beam on a target 失效用于识别电荷载流子束在目标上的冲击位置的装置
公开(公告)号：US5051599A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-24
申请号：US470857
申请日：1990-01-26
申请人： Ewald Benes , Martin Groschl , Michael Schmid , Hans-Joachim Siegmund , Friedrich-Werner Thomas , Gernot Thorn
发明人： Ewald Benes , Martin Groschl , Michael Schmid , Hans-Joachim Siegmund , Friedrich-Werner Thomas , Gernot Thorn
CPC分类号： H01J37/3005 , B23K15/0013
摘要： The invention relates to a device for recognizing the impact site (29, 37) of a charge carrier beam on a target. This device has two position-sensitive detectors (22, 23) above the target which have a given distance from each other and from the target and on which via imaging systems (24, 25) the impact site (29, 37) of the charge carrier beam is imaged by means of X-rays. The output signals of these detectors (22, 23) are placed on a special evaluation device which determines all three spatial coordinates of the impact site (29, 37) of the charge carrier beam.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于识别目标上电荷载流子束的冲击位置（29,37）的装置。 该装置具有在目标上方的两个位置敏感的检测器（22,23），它们彼此具有一定的距离并且与目标相对，并且通过成像系统（24,25）将电荷的冲击部位（29,37） 载波束通过X射线成像。 这些检测器（22,23）的输出信号被放置在确定电荷载流子束的冲击位置（29,37）的所有三个空间坐标的特殊评估装置上。
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公开(公告)号：US5022044A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US391125
申请日：1989-08-09
CPC分类号： F27D9/00 , F27B14/061 , F27B14/10 , H05B6/24
摘要： In a directly heatable crucible 3 for induction melting furnaces, especially for melting refractory and highly-pure metals, including an inductor coil 11 surrounding a crucible 3 and a housing 5, which at least partially encloses the inductor coil 11 and the crucible 3 and which forms together with the external wall 9, 9' of the crucible a closed chamber having an annular portion 10 and a flat cylindrical base portion 10'. This chamber is passed through by a cooling agent and the crucible 3 is made of the material to be molten.
摘要翻译： 在用于感应熔炼炉的直接可加热坩埚3中，特别是用于熔化难熔和高纯度金属，包括围绕坩埚3的电感线圈11和壳体5，其至少部分地包围电感线圈11和坩埚3， 与坩埚的外壁9,9'一起形成具有环形部分10和平坦圆柱形基部10'的封闭室。 该室由冷却剂通过，坩埚3由待熔融的材料制成。
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