摘要:
Cementitious formulations and their products with enhanced reactivity are provided. Formulations in certain embodiments may include at least one calcium source, a reactant and a filler in a hydrated environment, wherein the reactant, in one form, is crystalline silica that has been modified for reactivity. Enhancement of a reactant may include one or more modifications to its content, grind and/or the cement to silica ratio, as well as addition of one or more additives in the formulation, additives in the form of at least one alumina source, defoamer, catalyst and/or a clay.
摘要:
Cementitious formulations and their products with enhanced reactivity are provided. Formulations in certain embodiments may include at least one calcium source, a reactant and a filler in a hydrated environment, wherein the reactant, in one form, is crystalline silica that has been modified for reactivity. Enhancement of a reactant may include one or more modifications to its content, grind and/or the cement to silica ratio, as well as addition of one or more additives in the formulation, additives in the form of at least one alumina source, defoamer, catalyst and/or a clay.
摘要:
Cementitious formulations and their products with enhanced reactivity are provided. Formulations in certain embodiments may include at least one calcium source, a reactant and a filler in a hydrated environment, wherein the reactant, in one form, is crystalline silica that has been modified for reactivity. Enhancement of a reactant may include one or more modifications to its content, grind and/or the cement to silica ratio, as well as addition of one or more additives in the formulation, additives in the form of at least one alumina source, defoamer, catalyst and/or a clay.
摘要:
Cementitious formulations and their products with enhanced reactivity are provided. Formulations in certain embodiments may include at least one calcium source, a reactant and a filler in a hydrated environment, wherein the reactant, in one form, is crystalline silica that has been modified for reactivity. Enhancement of a reactant may include one or more modifications to its content, grind and/or the cement to silica ratio, as well as addition of one or more additives in the formulation, additives in the form of at least one alumina source, defoamer, catalyst and/or a clay.
摘要:
The present invention provides substantially spherical composite ceria/titania particles, a method of forming the same, and chemical mechanical polishing compositions comprising such particles. The substantially spherical particles include a substantially crystalline core portion including one or more crystallites having a cubic lattice structure including Ce(1-x)Ti(x)O2, where x is
摘要:
The invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) in the form of enantiomer-pure diastereomers or a mixture of diastereomers, wherein R′1 represents C1-C4 alkyl, C6-C10 aryl, C7-C10 alkyl or C7-C12 alkaralkyl and n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 5; R1 represents a hydrogen atom, halogen, a hydrocarbon group with 1 to 20 C atoms that is either unsubstituted or substituted with —SC1-C4 alkyl, —OC1-C4 alkyl, —OC6-C10 aryl or —Si(C1C4 alkyl)3, or a silyl group with 3 C1-C12 hydrocarbon groups; Y represents vinyl, methyl, ethyl, —CH2—OR, —CH2—N(C1-C4 alkyl)2, a C-bound chiral group that directs metals of metallation reagents to the ortho position X1, or Y is a group —CHR2—OR′2; R2 represents C1-C8 alkyl, C5-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, C7-C12 aralkyl or C7-C12 alkaralkyl; R′2 represents hydrogen or C1-C18 acyl; X1 and X2 independently represent a P-bound P(III) substituent, —SH or an S-bound group of mercaptan; and R represents hydrogen, a silyl group or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or aromatic-aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 to 18 C atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted with C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, F or CF3. The inventive compounds are ligands for metal complexes of transition metals such as Ru, Rh or Ir which are catalysts for especially the enantioselective hydration of prochiral unsaturated compounds. Use of these compounds allows to achieve high catalyst activities and an excellent stereoselectivity.
摘要:
The present invention provides substantially spherical composite ceria/titania particles, a method of forming the same, and chemical mechanical polishing compositions comprising such particles. The substantially spherical particles include a substantially crystalline core portion including one or more crystallites having a cubic lattice structure including Ce(1-x)Ti(x)O2, where x is
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of synthesizing abrasive particles and methods of using the same in chemical mechanical polishing slurry applications. The nanosized abrasive particles according to the invention are produced by hydrothermal synthesis using an insoluble source of cerium. The crystallites of the particles include cerium ions and titanium ions.
摘要:
The present invention provides methods of controlling the properties of abrasive particles produced via hydrothermal synthesis for use in chemical-mechanical polishing slurries. In accordance with the methods of the invention, variables such as cerium salt concentration, dopant solution concentration, hydrothermal medium pH, hydrothermal temperature and processing duration are controlled to produce particles having the desired properties and shapes. The abrasive particles formed in accordance with the method of the invention can be used to produce CMP slurries that provide substantial improvements in the polishing of STI structures and a reduction in defects.
摘要:
Ligands of the formula (I) secondary phosphine-Q-P(═O)HR1 (I) in the form of mixtures of diastereomers or pure diastereomers, in which secondary phosphine is a secondary phosphine group with hydrocarbon radicals or heterohydrocarbon radicals as substituents; Q is a bivalent bisaryl or bisheteroaryl radical with an axial chiral centre to which the two phosphorus atoms are bonded in the ortho positions to the bisaryl or bisheteroaryl bridge bond, or Q is a bivalent ferrocenyl radical with a planar chiral centre or without a planar chiral centre, to which the phosphorus atom of the secondary phosphine is bonded directly or via a C1-C4-carbon chain to a cyclopentadienyl ring, the —P*(═O)HR1 group is bonded either on the same cyclopentadienyl ring in ortho position to the bonded secondary phosphine or on the other cyclopentadienyl ring; P* is a chiral phosphorus atom, and R1 is a hydrocarbon radical, a heterohydrocarbon radical or a ferrocenyl radical, where R1 is a ferrocenyl radical with a planar chiral centre when Q is a ferrocenyl radical without a planar chiral centre. Metal complexes of these ligands are homogeneous catalysts for asymmetric addition reactions, particularly hydrogenations.