摘要:
A continuously variable transmission on a motor vehicle is controlled to control a speed reduction ratio using, as a control value, a rate of change di/dt of the speed reduction ratio that is determined using a reserve horsepower of an engine on the motor vehicle, an engine rotational speed Ne, a vehicle speed V of the motor vehicle, a present acceleration Ga of the motor vehicle, and a target acceleration Gon. A control process detects whether a rate of change of an indication by a driver of the motor vehicle of an intention to accelerate or decelerate the motor vehicle is greater than a predetermined value or not, whether a target engine rotational speed Neo corresponding to the indication is greater than an actual engine rotational speed Nea or not and whether the target acceleration Gon is greater than the present acceleration Ga on an acceleration side (positive side) or not. If the rate of change of the indication is greater than the predetermined value, the target engine rotational speed Neo is greater than the actual engine rotational speed Nea, and the target acceleration Gon is greater than the present acceleration Ga on the acceleration side (positive side), then an acceleration skip control process is determined as being required, and carried out to increase the rate of change di/dt of the speed reduction ratio immediately thereafter.
摘要:
A hydraulic servo unit for changing the swash plate angle of a continuously variable transmission to vary its speed reduction ratio comprises a cylinder whose chamber is divided into a rod-side chamber and a head-side chamber by a piston slidably fitted therein. The rod-side chamber is supplied with working oil under predetermined hydraulic pressure through a first hydraulic pressure supply passage. A second hydraulic pressure supply passage is connected to the head-side chamber through a duty-cycle-controlled first solenoid-operated valve, and a drain hydraulic passage is connected to the second hydraulic pressure supply passage through a second duty-cycle-controlled solenoid-operated valve. The first and second solenoid-operated valves are simultaneously actuated with different duty cycles. The difference between the different duty ratios is varied to vary the rate at which the working oil flows into or out of the head-side chamber through the second hydraulic pressure supply passage, in a wide range from a very low rate to a high rate. The working oil can accurately be controlled especially in a very low rate range for operating the hydraulic servo unit at very low speed. Therefore, continuously variable transmission can precisely and smoothly be controlled for varying the speed reduction ratio.
摘要:
A hydraulic continuously variable speed transmission comprises a hydraulic closed circuit for hydraulically connecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, a direct clutch valve placed in the closed circuit to block it, a speed reduction ratio control actuator to control the speed reduction ratio, a direct clutch actuator for moving said direct clutch valve from a full-open position to a full-closed position, ratio detecting means which detects the speed reduction ratio and valve position detecting means which detects position of the direct clutch valve to find if the direct clutch valve is moved to a slight-open position. The direct clutch valve is moved quickly from the full-open position to the slight-open position when it is found by the ratio detecting means that the speed reduction ratio has become "1", and then the direct clutch valve is moved slowly from the slight-open position to the full-closed position when it is found that the direct clutch valve has been moved to the slight-open position.
摘要:
A hydraulic continuously variable speed transmission with a direct clutch valve comprises a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic closed circuit for hydraulically connecting the both, a direct clutch valve placed in the closed circuit, a speed reduction ratio control actuator, and a direct clutch valve controlling device for controlling operations of said direct clutch valve to block the closed circuit when the speed reduction ratio becomes substantially "1". The direct clutch valve controlling device maintains a direct connecting state when an actual engine speed is higher than a direct clutch disconnecting reference engine speed at the speed reduction ratio of approximately "1". Then, the direct clutch valve control device releases the blocking of the closed circuit by the direct valve when a drop of the actual engine speed from the direct clutch disconnecting reference engine speed exceeds a predetermined amount corresponding to the vehicle speed.
摘要:
An image pickup apparatus is disclosed which provides an appropriate inclination guide display in accordance with an aspect ratio of a picked-up image and the like. The image pickup apparatus includes an inclination detector which detects an inclination of the image pickup apparatus, a display device capable of superimposedly showing an inclination guide display corresponding to a detection output from the inclination detector, on a picked-up image, and an aspect ratio setter which sets the aspect ratio of a picked-up image. The apparatus includes a display controller which controls whether or not to show the inclination guide display on the display device on the basis of the aspect ratio set by the aspect ratio setter.
摘要:
Using a first lookup table used to convert color data on a device-independent color space into color data on a device-dependent color space, and a second lookup table used to convert the color data on the device-dependent color space into color material data corresponding to a plurality of color print materials, the image processing apparatus acquires output values using the first lookup table in accordance with input values the number of which is larger than the number of grid points of the first lookup table, acquires output values using the second lookup table, as input values, the output values acquired, and generates a third lookup table corresponding to the predetermined number of input values which is larger than the number of grid points of the first lookup table in accordance with the output values acquired.
摘要:
This invention allows both a plateless textile printer that makes process color expression, and a plate textile printer to achieve equivalent color expressions. For this purpose, image data that uses an RGB pallet is converted into YMCK image data using a correction table. An ink-jet textile printer (14) prints on textile on the basis of the converted image data. On the other hand, the image data that uses the RGB pallet is sent to a plate separation data generation unit (15), and is separated into binary plate data, the number of which is the same as the number of ink colors of the ink-jet textile printer, using an RGB/ink color tone correction table to realize the same color expression as that of screen textile printing. In this case, a plate data file name to be generated, the resolution of a plate to be output, the number of repetitions of an original design of plate data to be output in the horizontal direction, and the number of repetitions of the original design of the plate data to be output in the vertical direction are respectively input to boxes (61, 66, 71, 72) on a dialog. Also, an input conversion file, an output conversion file, a tone curve file used by retouch software, an original image resolution, an enlargement/reduction method, an ink table file, an output data type, and a repetition method are respectively selected using pull-down menus (62, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70) of the dialog. Using these parameters, a film plotter (18) prints images in units of plates (colors) on lith films, and the printed lith films are set in an exposure machine (19) to undergo exposure, thus obtaining all plates. Using the obtained plates, a screen textile printer (20) prints on textile using the same inks as those of the ink-jet textile printer.
摘要:
A system for controlling an automobile transmission effects a gear change by disengaging synchronizing clutch means for a present gear position, achieving a neutral gear position, and then engaging a synchronizing clutch for a next gear position in response to a shift control signal. The automobile transmission has an actuator for selectively engaging and disengaging the synchronizing clutch. An electronic control unit controls an engine output adjusting assembly to adjust the output power of the engine and also controls the actuator to start disengaging the synchronizing clutch for a present gear position in response to a shift command signal. The electronic control unit also controls the actuator to complete disengaging the synchronizing clutch for a present gear position to enter the neutral gear position when substantially no load is transmitted between drive and driven members of the synchronizing clutch for a present gear position under the control of the engine output adjusting assembly.
摘要:
A continuously variable speed transmission comprises a continuously variable speed change mechanism, a ratio control actuator, a controller controlling operational direction and speed of the ratio control actuator, and a speed reduction ratio detection sensor. The controller, in the case of outputting a command to reverse the operational direction of the ratio control actuator, keeps the ratio control actuators actuating at a maximum actuation speed in the reverse operation direction, until the speed reduction ratio detection sensor detects a fact that the speed reduction ratio of the mechanism has changed into the reversed direction after output of the command.