摘要:
A temperature of an internal combustion engine is sensed when the engine is started and elapsed time from engine start is also sensed. Engine intake air temperature is estimated on the basis of the sensed engine temperature and sensed elapsed time. The operation of the engine is controlled in accordance with the estimated engine intake air temperature.
摘要:
An apparatus for detecting a neutral state of a transmission gear of a vehicle detects an engine rotational speed, a vehicle speed, and a condition in which the engine output power is transmitted to the transmission gear through a clutch. The apparatus judges that the transmission gear is in the neutral state when a ratio between the engine rotational speed and the vehicle speed is in any one of predetermined ranges. The apparatus also judges that the transmission gear is in the neutral state when a variation of the ratio between the engine rotational speed and the vehicle speed within a predetermined time period is greater than a predetermined value.
摘要:
An exhaust gas recirculation method which controls the valve opening of an exhaust gas recirculating valve to values appropriate to operating conditions of an automotive vehicle and an internal combustion engine installed therein, to thereby regulate the amount of exhaust gas recirculated from an exhaust passage to an intake passage in the engine. It is determined whether the vehicle is in a predetermined starting condition, and the valve opening of the exhaust gas recirculating valve is set to a first value when the vehicle is not in the predetermined starting condition, otherwise to a second value smaller than the first value. Preferably, the determination of whether the vehicle is in the predetermined starting condition is made based on the rotational speed of the engine and the speed of the vehicle.
摘要:
An air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine is provided with an open-close valve in an air intake side secondary air supply passage which is provided in addition to an air intake side secondary air supply passage for an air/fuel ratio control. The open-close valve is opened only when an amount of the secondary air through the passage for the air/fuel ratio control is higher than a predetermined level. In addition to the provision of the open-close valve, the opening of an open-close valve or a linear type solenoid valve wich is provided in the secondary air supply passage for controlling the air/fuel ratio is reduced, so that the valve operates in a range where the linearity of the operation of the valve is good. Thus, the accuracy of the air/fuel ratio control is improved especially when the amount of the secondary air is large.
摘要:
A current detecting device for detecting current flowing in a first electric wire arranged close to a second electric wire having a portion extending in a predetermined direction. The device comprises: a portion of the first electric wire extending at right angles to the second electric wire; a magnetic core arranged around the above portion of the first electric wire, the magnetic core having an axis thereof extending at right angles to the above portion of the second electric wire; and a magnetic-to-electric transducer associated with the magnetic core for generating an electric signal indicative of the intensity of a magnetic field generated around the above portion of the first electric wire by current flowing in the first electric wire.
摘要:
A motor is provided with: an inner rotor having inner permanent magnets arranged in a peripheral direction and an outer rotor having outer permanent magnets arranged in the peripheral direction, the mutual axes of rotation of the inner rotor and the outer rotor being arranged coaxially, and a rotating device capable of making at least one of the inner rotor and the outer rotor rotate around the axes of rotation so as to change the relative phase between the rotors, wherein the rotating device includes: a first member which is integrally and rotatably provided with respect to the outer rotor; and a second member which is integrally and rotatably provided with respect to the inner rotor and which defines pressure chambers inside the inner rotor with the first member, and wherein a working fluid is supplied to the pressure chambers, thereby changing the relative phase between the rotors.
摘要:
A camera for taking an image of movement of a hand, and a hand pattern switching apparatus which operates an object equipment based on the result of the image taken by the camera, having a storage unit for saving the image taken in the state that a hand does not exist in the image pickup area of the camera, as an initial image data, a differentiation unit for obtaining a difference image data between an original image data that is the image taken in the state that a hand exists in the image pickup area of the camera, and the initial image data, a luminance detection unit for obtaining an average luminance in a place close to a hand based on the image data of a place close to a hand obtained by the differentiation unit, and a processing unit for performing binary processing of the original image data by a threshold value based on the average luminance calculated by the luminance detection unit.
摘要:
A battery discharge gas control system, which releases a hydrogen gas generated from the battery assembly when the battery assembly is charged and discharged, is capable of keeping the battery structure highly resistant to water or humidity. The battery discharge gas control system has a battery having a gas release port, a passage connected to the gas release port, a control valve connected to the passage, a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure in the passage, and a control circuit for opening the control valve to release a gas generated by the battery from the passage, depending on the pressure in the passage as detected by the pressure sensor. During a period of time in which no hydrogen gas is generated or a generated hydrogen gas is not plenty enough to be released while the battery is being charged or discharged, the passage is closed for thereby keeping the battery structure highly resistant to water or humidity. The control valve has a solenoid-operated valve openable in response to a control signal outputted by the control circuit, and a relief valve mechanically openable depending on the pressure in the passage. Even in the event of a failure of the solenoid-operated valve, the relief valve is mechanically opened depending on the pressure in the passage, thereby protecting the passage from damage.
摘要:
A camera for taking an image of movement of a hand, and a hand pattern switching apparatus which operates an object equipment based on the result of the image taken by the camera, having a storage unit for saving the image taken in the state that a hand does not exist in the image pickup area of the camera, as an initial image data, a differentiation unit for obtaining a difference image data between an original image data that is the image taken in the state that a hand exists in the image pickup area of the camera, and the initial image data, a luminance detection unit for obtaining an average luminance in a place close to a hand based on the image data of a place close to a hand obtained by the differentiation unit, and a processing unit for performing binary processing of the original image data by a threshold value based on the average luminance calculated by the luminance detection unit.
摘要:
A permanent magnet type rotor comprises an inner member 2 having an outer ring portion 21; an approximately annular outer member 1 having soft magnetism and an inner circumference contacting with an outer circumference of the outer ring portion; and plural permanent magnets 3 disposed at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the outer member toward the circumferential direction. At least one of the inner member 2 and the outer member 1 is made from a sintered material, and the inner member 2 and the outer member 1 are mutually sintered and bonded. Thickness and weight of a dynamotor itself can be reduced and high output and high efficiency can be achieved.