公开(公告)号：US5914776A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-22

申请号：US951501

申请日：1997-10-16

申请人： Jurgen Streicher

发明人： Jurgen Streicher

IPC分类号： G01S7/487 ,  G01S17/95 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01S17/95 ,  G01S7/487

摘要： For automated visual range measurement by a LIDAR system, a distance measuring range is first determined through repeated evaluation of a voltage level U(R) which indicates the intensity of a threshold value. After random initialization of a start value, the start value is then replaced each time with a new mean visual range, resulting in iterative improvements, and the mean visual range in the determined range is then displayed automatically as soon as the visual range lies within the measuring range of the LIDAR system. Using the Klett method, the accuracy can be determined with the aid of a breaking-off criterion in the form of a threshold value with respect to a deviation percentage between a new and a previous calculation. With this method the deviation can be identified to an order of magnitude of about 10%.

摘要翻译： 对于由LIDAR系统进行的自动视距测量，首先通过重复评估指示阈值强度的电压电平U（R）来确定距离测量范围。 在起始值随机初始化之后，每次用新的平均视觉范围替换起始值，导致迭代改进，然后一旦视觉范围在该范围内，则自动显示所确定的范围内的平均视野范围 激光雷达系统的测量范围。 使用Klett方法，可以借助于相对于新的和先前计算之间的偏差百分比的阈值形式的断开标准来确定精度。 使用这种方法，可以将偏差确定为约10％的数量级。

公开(公告)号：US5805107A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-08

申请号：US837602

申请日：1997-04-18

申请人： Arno Schroth ,  Tobias Felhauer ,  Walter Baier

发明人： Arno Schroth ,  Tobias Felhauer ,  Walter Baier

IPC分类号： G01S7/40 ,  G01S7/41 ,  G01S13/00 ,  G01S13/28 ,  G01S13/87 ,  G01S13/93 ,  G01S7/292

CPC分类号： G01S13/284 ,  G01S7/40 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/87 ,  G01S2013/9335 ,  G01S7/41

摘要： For less expensive estimation the impulse response x.sub.MOS of a high-resolution, band-limited radar channel in a radar station operating with an expanded transmitted pulse a(t), from a received signal e, over which a correlated or uncorrelated additive interference signal n can be superimposed, with the use of knowledge about the spread code c and the use of a channel estimator with which a so-called linear, optimum unbiased estimation of the radar channel impulse response x.sub.MOS is performed in a time range covering M range gates of interest, the linear, optimum estimation in the unbiased channel estimator is modified in such a way that the pulse response x.sub.MOS of the band-limited radar channel is determined according to the basic principle of a multiplication of the sampled received signal e and an inverse estimation matrix A.sub.E.sup.-1. The matrix A.sub.E is formed by the extension of the rectangular matrix represented by the components c.sub.i of the spread code c to form a quadratic matrix that circulates to the right, that is, the modified, optimum unbiased estimation: x.sub.MOS =A.sub.E.sup.-1 e applies for a radar channel.

摘要翻译： 对于较便宜的估计，雷达站中的高分辨率带限雷达信道的脉冲响应+ E，uns + E，cir x + EE + EE MOS以扩展的发射脉冲+ E，uns a + EE（ t），从接收信号+ E，uns e + EE，通过使用有关扩展码+ E，uns c +的知识可以叠加相关或不相关的加性干扰信号+ E，uns n + EE和使用信道估计器，在覆盖M个范围门的时间范围内执行雷达信道脉冲响应+ E，uns + E，cir x + EE + EE MOS的所谓的线性，最优无偏估计 对无偏差信道估计器中的线性优化估计被修改为使得频带限制雷达信道的脉冲响应+ E，uns + E，cir x + EE + EE MOS根据基本原理确定 采样接收信号+ E，uns e + EE和逆估计矩阵+ E，A A + EE E-1的乘法。 矩阵+ E，uns A + EE E由扩展码+ E，uns c + EE的分量+ E，uns c + EE i表示的矩形矩阵的扩展形成，形成循环到 权利，即经修改的最优无偏估计：+ E，uns + E，cir x + EE + EE MOS = + E，uns A + EE E-1 + E，uns e + EE适用于雷达通道 。

公开(公告)号：US5732803A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

申请号：US746244

申请日：1996-11-07

申请人： Elmar Breitbach ,  Andreas Buter

发明人： Elmar Breitbach ,  Andreas Buter

IPC分类号： B60L5/30 ,  B60L5/24

CPC分类号： B60L5/30 ,  B60L2200/26

摘要： A current collector for transmitting energy between a contact wire and a motor coach having at least one collector shoe (1) and at least one suspension spring (16) with a positive stiffness, the suspension spring supporting the collector shoe which lies with a contact force from below and against the contact wire. The suspension spring (16) is arranged in parallel with a correction spring (17), the correction spring having a negative stiffness in a zero-crossing of its spring characteristic curve, which coincides with the spring travel of the suspension spring (16), which spring travel corresponds to the desired contact force.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在接触线和具有至少一个收集器靴（1）和至少一个具有正刚度的悬架弹簧（16）的电动机教练之间传递能量的集流器，所述悬架弹簧支撑着具有接触力的收集器靴 从下面和接触线。 悬架弹簧（16）与校正弹簧（17）平行地布置，校正弹簧在其弹簧特性曲线的过零点中具有与悬架弹簧（16）的弹簧行程一致的负刚度， 哪个弹簧行程对应于所需的接触力。

公开(公告)号：US5627543A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-06

申请号：US510698

申请日：1995-08-03

申请人： Alberto Moreira

发明人： Alberto Moreira

IPC分类号： G01S7/40 ,  G01S13/90

CPC分类号： G01S13/90 ,  G01S7/4004

摘要： In connection with a method for image generation by means of two-dimensional data processing, received SAR data are multiplied by a phase correction (H.sub.mc) for a reference range (r.sub.ref) for the insertion of a motion compensation and for processing at a high drift angle, and an additional cubic phase term is inserted for compensating a range migration. The entire range migration is then eliminated by means of an additional linear frequency displacement; subsequently the SAR data are transformed back into the "range-Doppler" domain. A remaining phase error, created by a "chirp scaling" correction, is corrected, the SAR data are transformed back into the time domain and a phase correction as a function of the range is performed by multiplication for the exact motion compensation in the time domain. The one-dimensional reference function is performed in the frequency domain for azimuth compression, by means of which two-dimensional SAR data are obtained.

摘要翻译： 结合通过二维数据处理的图像生成方法，将接收的SAR数据乘以用于插入运动补偿的参考范围（rref）的相位校正（Hmc），并以高漂移进行处理 角度，并插入一个额外的立方相项用于补偿范围迁移。 然后通过附加的线性频率位移来消除整个范围迁移; 随后将SAR数据转换回“范围 - 多普勒”域。 通过“啁啾缩放”校正产生的剩余相位误差被校正，SAR数据被变换回到时域，并且通过对时域中的精确运动补偿进行乘法来执行作为范围的函数的相位校正 。 在方位压缩的频域中执行一维参考功能，借此获得二维SAR数据。

公开(公告)号：US5592164A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-07

申请号：US265434

申请日：1994-06-24

申请人： Stefan Hilbert ,  Bernd Kirchner

发明人： Stefan Hilbert ,  Bernd Kirchner

IPC分类号： H04N5/14 ,  H04N5/217 ,  H04N5/361 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H03M1/00

CPC分类号： H04N5/37213 ,  H04N5/14 ,  H04N5/361

摘要： A circuit arrangement for signal processing of discrete or continuous signals of at least one CCD component, includes a multiplexer which receives the signals for processing and has an output, a pre-amplifier having an input connected to the output of the multiplexer, and further having an output. Two sample and hold circuits are provided that each have an input connected to the output of the pre-amplifier, each of the sample and hold circuits further having an output. An operational amplifier is provided having a non-inverting input connected to the output of a first of the sample and hold circuits, and an inverting input connected to the output of a second of the sample and hold circuits, the operational amplifier further has an output. A digital-analog converter having an output connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier and puts out a correction signal. A multiplying digital-analog converter is provided having a reference input connected to the output of the operational amplifier, the multiplying digital-analog converter further having an output. A third sample and hold circuit has an input connected to the output of the multiplying digital-analog converter, the third sample and hold circuit further having an output. A buffer has an input connected to the output of the third sample and hold circuit, and further has an output connected to the input of an analog-digital converter.

摘要翻译： 用于对至少一个CCD分量的离散或连续信号进行信号处理的电路装置包括多路复用器，其接收用于处理的信号并具有输出，前置放大器，其具有连接到多路复用器的输出的输入，并且还具有 一个输出。 提供两个采样和保持电路，每个采样和保持电路各自具有连接到前置放大器的输出的输入，每个采样和保持电路还具有输出。 提供了一个运算放大器，其具有连接到第一采样和保持电路的输出的非反相输入，以及连接到第二采样和保持电路的输出的反相输入，运算放大器还具有输出 。 一种数模转换器，具有连接到运算放大器的非反相输入的输出端并输出校正信号。 提供了具有连接到运算放大器的输出的参考输入的乘法数模转换器，乘法数模转换器还具有输出。 第三采样和保持电路具有连接到倍增数字 - 模拟转换器的输出的输入，第三采样和保持电路还具有输出。 缓冲器具有连接到第三采样和保持电路的输出的输入，并且还具有连接到模拟数字转换器的输入的输出。

公开(公告)号：US5539408A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US498561

申请日：1995-07-06

申请人： Joao Moreira ,  Wolfgang Keydel

发明人： Joao Moreira ,  Wolfgang Keydel

IPC分类号： G01S13/58 ,  G01S13/90

CPC分类号： G01S13/58 ,  G01S13/9029 ,  G01S13/9035

摘要： In a method for the detection, localization and velocity determination of moving targets from raw radar data from a coherent, single- or multi-channel image system (SAR), for representing the surface of the earth with different backscatter ratios, chronologically successive azimuth spectra are continuously formed during a defined period of time and a frequency shift of the backscatter ratio portion is obtained by determining the position of the maximum of the correlations between respectively two azimuth spectra formed chronologically directly in succession. Then the frequency shifts of the entire raw radar data set are evaluated for producing a frequency shift map.By searching for values deviating from the nominal Doppler rate in the Doppler rate map, a respective moving target is detected and the center of an image of the detected moving target is formed from this.By neglecting its radial acceleration, the tangential velocity of the moving target is determined by means of a Doppler rate taken from the Doppler rate map, and finally the radial velocity of the moving target is determined from the ratio of a length of the moving target in the range direction on the Doppler rate map and the duration of a scanning time by the antenna.

摘要翻译： 在用于从相干，单通道或多通道图像系统（SAR）的原始雷达数据中检测，定位和速度确定移动目标的方法中，用于表示具有不同反向散射比的地球表面的时间顺序方位角谱 在确定的时间段内连续地形成，并且通过根据连续按顺序形成的两个方位角之间的相关性的最大值的位置来确定反向散射比部分的频移。 然后评估整个原始雷达数据集的频移以产生频移图。 通过在多普勒率图中搜索偏离标称多普勒频率的值，检测相应的移动目标，并且由此形成检测到的移动目标的图像的中心。 通过忽略其径向加速度，通过从多普勒速率图获取的多普勒频率来确定移动目标的切向速度，最后根据移动目标的长度比确定移动目标的径向速度 多普勒率图上的范围方向和天线的扫描时间的持续时间。

公开(公告)号：US5496002A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-05

申请号：US300786

申请日：1994-09-02

申请人： Rainer Schu/ tze

发明人： Rainer Schu/ tze

IPC分类号： B29C70/08 ,  B64C3/18

CPC分类号： B64C3/182 ,  B29C70/085 ,  Y02T50/433

摘要： A wing made of composite fibre materials, especially carbon fibre reinforced plastics, comprises shell components having a thin-walled, pre-formed wing skin and tubular rods as stringers. The stringers are provided with a connection element and a compression plate at the fuselage end of the wing. The external sides of the compression plates are all in one plane. The wing is attached by screws, which are screwed through the connection element at the fuselage side into the connection elements of the rods forming the stringers. The rods forming the stringers are adhered to the inside of the wing skin. The spaces between the rods may be filled with a light, compression-proof material.

摘要翻译： 由复合纤维材料（特别是碳纤维增强塑料）制成的翼片包括壳体部件，其具有薄壁的预成形的机翼表皮和作为桁条的管状杆。 桁条在机翼的机身端设置有连接元件和压缩板。 压缩板的外侧都在一个平面内。 机翼通过螺钉连接，螺钉通过机身侧的连接元件拧入形成桁条的杆的连接元件中。 形成桁条的杆被粘附到机翼皮肤的内侧。 杆之间的空间可以用轻质的防压缩材料填充。

公开(公告)号：US5440144A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

申请号：US142607

申请日：1993-10-25

申请人： Markus Raffel ,  Jurgen Kompenhans ,  Hans Hofer

发明人： Markus Raffel ,  Jurgen Kompenhans ,  Hans Hofer

IPC分类号： G01P5/00 ,  G01P5/18 ,  H04N13/00 ,  G01N15/06

CPC分类号： H04N13/0207 ,  G01P5/001 ,  G01P5/18 ,  H04N13/0253 ,  H04N13/0003 ,  H04N13/0051 ,  H04N19/597 ,  H04N2013/0081

摘要： An apparatus for the three-dimensional determination of flows has a light source for briefly illuminating a light section (3) and a stereoscopic recording device (10). The stereoscopic recording device (10) comprises two equivalent objectives (11, 12) aligned parallel to each other as well as perpendicular to the plane (22) of the light section (3), and behind the objectives (11, 12) two optical sensor fields (15, 16) aligned parallel to the plane (22). A forward displacement device for the synchronized forward displacement of the projections of the light source (3) onto the two sensor fields (15, 16) has two revolving mirrors (13, 14) aligned parallel and rotating in synchronization about a common axis of rotation (23) as well as in synchronization with the light source, whereby the axis of rotation (23) runs parallel to an imaginary line joining the two objectives (11, 12).

摘要翻译： 用于三维流动确定的装置具有用于短暂地照亮光部分（3）和立体声记录装置（10）的光源。 立体录像装置（10）包括两个彼此平行排列并且垂直于光部分（3）的平面（22）并且在物镜（11,12）之后的两个等效物镜（11,12），两个光学 平行于平面（22）排列的传感器区域（15,16）。 用于将光源（3）的突起同步向前移位到两个传感器区域（15,16）上的向前位移装置具有两个平行对齐的旋转反射镜（13,14），并且围绕公共旋转轴线同步旋转 （23），并且与光源同步，由此旋转轴线（23）平行于连接两个物镜（11,12）的假想线延伸。

公开(公告)号：US5428536A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US205543

申请日：1994-03-04

申请人： Jurgen Ackermann

发明人： Jurgen Ackermann

IPC分类号： B62D6/00 ,  B62D101/00 ,  B62D111/00 ,  B62D113/00 ,  B62D137/00 ,  B62D6/04

CPC分类号： B62D6/00

摘要： A steering system for a road vehicle with front-wheel steering employs microprocessor integrating feedback of the vehicle yaw rate to the front-wheel steering actuator so as to decouple the yaw movement from the lateral movement of the front axle. Sensors measure vehicle speed, yaw rate (by gyroscope), lateral front axle acceleration (by acceleromether at the front axle), and the angle at which the driver holds the steering wheel. The microprocessor controls the front steering actuator according to a formula whose dependent quantities include the sensor outputs, fixed vehicle parameters (such as wheel base), and a preselected time constant. The vehicle's handling changes when the time constant is varied.

摘要翻译： 用于具有前轮转向的道路车辆的转向系统使用将车辆偏航率的反馈集成到前轮转向致动器的微处理器，以将偏航运动与前轴的横向运动分离。 传感器测量车辆速度，偏航率（陀螺仪），横向前桥加速度（前桥加速度计）以及驾驶员保持方向盘的角度。 微处理器根据一个公式控制前转向执行器，其公式包括传感器输出，固定车辆参数（如车轮底座）和预选时间常数。 当时间常数变化时，车辆的处理变化。

公开(公告)号：US5391213A

公开(公告)日：1995-02-21

申请号：US985574

申请日：1992-12-03

申请人： Malte R. Frovel

发明人： Malte R. Frovel

IPC分类号： C03B8/02 ,  C03B37/15 ,  C03C14/00 ,  C03B19/06 ,  B29C67/00 ,  C03C25/00

CPC分类号： C03B37/15 ,  C03C14/002 ,  C03C2214/02 ,  C03C2214/32

摘要： In a method for manufacturing fibre-reinforced structures with a glass matrix, there is used for the glass matrix an SiO.sub.2 colloid dispersed in water as glass former, with which the fibres are impregnated, and the impregnated fibres are heated in the final form of the structure to the sintering temperature of the SiO.sub.2 colloid.

摘要翻译： 在制造具有玻璃基质的纤维增强结构的方法中，玻璃基质用作分散在水中的SiO 2胶体作为玻璃形成剂，纤维被浸渍，并且浸渍的纤维以最终形式加热 结构对SiO 2胶体的烧结温度。