公开(公告)号：US4933064A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-12

申请号：US126776

申请日：1987-11-30

申请人： Michael Geisler ,  Jorg Kieser ,  Reiner Kukla

发明人： Michael Geisler ,  Jorg Kieser ,  Reiner Kukla

IPC分类号： C23C14/36 ,  C23C14/34 ,  C23C14/35 ,  H01J37/34

CPC分类号： H01J37/3423 ,  H01J37/3408 ,  H01J37/3426 ,  H01J37/3452

摘要： A sputtering cathode for the coating of substrates. The cathode has a base, a target of nonmagnetic material, and a magnet system having exposed pole faces for the production of a tunnel of magnetic lines of force overarching the sputtering surface. The target is provided with at least two continuous projections lying one inside the other, which contain at least one sputtering surface between them, and have confronting wall surfaces. The pole faces are located on both sides of the projections and sputtering surface between them such that magnetic lines of force issue perpendicularly from the one wall surface and, after crossing the sputtering surface, re-enter perpendicularly the opposite wall surface. The magnet system has permanent magnets magnetized parallel to the projections, which are yoked together on the sides facing away from the projections by a soft-magnetic base, and are provided on the sides facing the projections with soft-magnetic pole shoes extending over at least a part of the height of the projections.

摘要翻译： 用于涂覆基材的溅射阴极。 阴极具有基极，非磁性材料的靶，以及具有暴露极面的磁体系统，用于产生覆盖溅射表面的磁力线的隧道。 目标设置有至少两个连续的突起，一个在另一个内部，其在它们之间包含至少一个溅射表面，并且具有面对的壁表面。 极面位于突起的两侧并且在它们之间的溅射表面，使得磁力线从一个壁表面垂直地发生，并且在穿过溅射表面之后，垂直地重新进入相​​对的壁表面。 磁体系统具有平行于凸起磁化的永久磁体，它们通过软磁性底座在背对凸起的侧面上一起被钩住，并且在面向突出部的侧面上设置有至少延伸的软磁极靴 投影高度的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US4919778A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-24

申请号：US356668

申请日：1989-05-19

申请人： Anton Dietrich ,  Klaus Hartig ,  Joachim Szczyrbowski

发明人： Anton Dietrich ,  Klaus Hartig ,  Joachim Szczyrbowski

IPC分类号： C03C17/36 ,  C03C27/12

CPC分类号： C03C17/3618 ,  C03C17/36 ,  C03C17/3644 ,  C03C17/3652 ,  C03C17/366 ,  C03C17/3681 ,  C03C17/3689

摘要： A system of layers is built up on substrates of mineral glass in the following order: first layer: an oxide from the group, stannic oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, tantalum oxide, zirconium oxide, or their mixed oxides; second layer: a metal from the group, tantalum, tungsten, nickel, iron; third layer: silver or a silver alloy containing at least 50 weight-percent of silver; fourth layer: a metal from the group, tantalum, tungsten, nickel, iron or their alloys; fifth layer: an oxide from the group, stannic oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, tantalum oxide, zirconium oxide or their mixed oxides. After that, the substrate with all the coating layers is heated to the softening temperature of the glass in an oxidizing atmosphere and bent to the final shape.

摘要翻译： 按照以下顺序在矿物玻璃的基板上建立层的系统：第一层：来自该组的氧化物，氧化锡，二氧化硅，氧化铝，氧化钽，氧化锆或其混合氧化物; 第二层：一组金属，钽，钨，镍，铁; 第三层：含有至少50重量％银的银或银合金; 第四层：一组金属，钽，钨，镍，铁或它们的合金; 第五层：来自该组的氧化物，氧化锡，二氧化硅，氧化铝，氧化钽，氧化锆或它们的混合氧化物。 之后，将具有所有涂层的基板在氧化气氛中加热至玻璃的软化温度并弯曲成最终形状。

公开(公告)号：US4919187A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-24

申请号：US230707

申请日：1988-08-09

申请人： Hartwig Rupp ,  Otto Stenzel

发明人： Hartwig Rupp ,  Otto Stenzel

IPC分类号： B22D19/16

CPC分类号： B22D19/16

摘要： Method for the charging and controlled addition of prealloys to molten alloys of metals reactive and nonreactive at room temperature which are held in a crucible. To permit pre-alloys with a high percentage of reactive metal to be worked more easily, a casting is produced from the reactive and nonreactive metals by a casting process followed by solidification. This casting is nonreactive at its surface at room temperature and its average content of reactive metal is equal to or greater than the reactive metal content in the crucible. Such castings are added to the crucible according to the need for the reactive metal. In an especially advantageous manner, a casting produced in a casting mold in a nonreactive atmosphere has at least at its surface such a content of nonreactive metal that it is stable at room temperature.

摘要翻译： 将预合金装入和控制加入到在坩埚中保持在室温下的金属反应性和非反应性的金属合金的方法。 为了允许更高比例的反应性金属的预合金被更容易地加工，通过铸造过程然后凝固从反应性和非反应性金属制备铸件。 该铸件在室温下在其表面是非反应性的，其反应性金属的平均含量等于或大于坩埚中的反应性金属含量。 根据对活性金属的需要，将这种铸件加入到坩埚中。 在非常有利的方式中，在非反应性气氛中在铸模中生产的铸件至少在其表面上具有这样的非反应性金属的含量，使得其在室温下是稳定的。

公开(公告)号：US4871434A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-03

申请号：US896936

申请日：1986-08-15

申请人： Wolf-Dieter Munz ,  Bernd Hensel ,  Michael Scherer ,  Otto Knotek

发明人： Wolf-Dieter Munz ,  Bernd Hensel ,  Michael Scherer ,  Otto Knotek

IPC分类号： C23C14/34 ,  C23C14/35 ,  C23C14/54 ,  C23C30/00 ,  H01J37/34

CPC分类号： C23C14/345 ,  C23C14/35 ,  C23C14/352 ,  C23C14/541 ,  C23C30/005 ,  H01J37/3405

摘要： Process and apparatus for coating a tool with a layer of a compound which contains at least one of carbon and nitrogen and at least one of titanium, zirconium, chromium, tungsten, tantalum, vanadium, niobium, hafnium and molybdenum. The apparatus includes a vacuum chamber and a substrate holder for accommodating at least one tool with the substrate holder at a bias of between -40 and -200 V relative to ground. The apparatus includes at least two magnetron sputtering cathodes disposed in mirror symmetry to the substrate holder. The target contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of T, Zr, Cr, W, Ta, V, Nb, Hf and Mo. The apparatus includes at least one gas source for supplying the vacuum chamber with a noble gas and a reaction gas. The reaction gas contains at least one of nitrogen and a gaseous carbon compound. The apparatus includes at least one anode in the edge region of each target so that the anodes are positioned in mirror symmetry with respect to the target holder. Each of the anodes is connected to a voltage means for applying a voltage of +10 to +200 V relative to ground.

摘要翻译： 用于涂覆具有包含碳和氮中的至少一种以及钛，锆，铬，钨，钽，钒，铌，铪和钼中的至少一种的化合物的工具的工艺和设备。 该装置包括真空室和衬底保持器，用于以相对于地面在-40和-200V之间的偏压容纳具有衬底保持器的至少一个工具。 该装置包括至少两个设置成与衬底保持器成镜像对称的磁控溅射阴极。 靶包含选自由T，Zr，Cr，W，Ta，V，Nb，Hf和Mo组成的组中的至少一种金属。该装置包括用于向真空室供给稀有气体和 反应气体。 反应气体含有氮和气态碳化合物中的至少一种。 该装置包括在每个靶的边缘区域中的至少一个阳极，使得阳极相对于靶保持器以镜对称的方式定位。 每个阳极连接到相对于地面施加+ 10至+ 200V的电压的电压装置。

公开(公告)号：US4808373A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-28

申请号：US921235

申请日：1986-10-20

申请人： Dieter Hoffman ,  Wolf-Dieter Munz ,  G. A. Hoist Siewert ,  Horst Dietrich

发明人： Dieter Hoffman ,  Wolf-Dieter Munz ,  G. A. Hoist Siewert ,  Horst Dietrich

IPC分类号： C22C5/02 ,  H01J37/34

CPC分类号： H01J37/3429 ,  C22C5/02 ,  H01J37/34

摘要： A multiple-substance alloy used as a target in a cathode sputtering apparatus, and having a gold content most preferably in the range of 94-98 percent by weight, is disclosed. The alloy further contains non-gold alloys of aluminum, copper and preferably an element of the group of Co, Ni, Ga, Ti, In, Cd, Sn, Fe and Pd.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在阴极溅射装置中用作靶的多金属合金，并且金含量最优选在94-98重量％的范围内。 该合金还含有铝，铜的非金合金，优选Co，Ni，Ga，Ti，In，Cd，Sn，Fe和Pd中的一种元素。

公开(公告)号：US4799046A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-17

申请号：US9267

申请日：1987-01-30

申请人： Raymond Heinen

发明人： Raymond Heinen

IPC分类号： G01K7/16 ,  F16K31/06 ,  G01K7/20 ,  G08B17/00 ,  F16K31/02

CPC分类号： G01K7/20

摘要： To monitor the winding temperature of a coil, preferably the magnet coil of a magnetic valve, it is proposed to use as the monitored magnitude the resistance related to the temperature of the winding. For this purpose the winding is supplied during the measurement time with a constant or predeterminable voltage or current and the voltage or current related to the temperature of the winding is used as the magnitude to be measured.

摘要翻译： 为了监测线圈，优选磁阀的磁体线圈的绕组温度，建议使用与绕组温度相关的电阻作为监控的大小。 为此，在测量时间内以恒定或可预定的电压或电流提供绕组，并将与绕组温度相关的电压或电流用作要测量的量程。

公开(公告)号：US4798521A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-17

申请号：US45492

申请日：1987-05-04

申请人： Lothar Schmidt ,  Hans-Joachim Schumbert

发明人： Lothar Schmidt ,  Hans-Joachim Schumbert

IPC分类号： G05D16/00 ,  G05D16/20 ,  F04B49/06 ,  F16K31/12

CPC分类号： G05D16/2053 ,  G05D16/2093 ,  Y10T137/2562 ,  Y10T137/7761

摘要： A system for regulating pressure in a container. The system includes a membrane pressure regulator with a reference pressure chamber containing a reference pressure, and a vacuum pump connected to the container via the membrane pressure regulator. The system further includes a gas inlet valve connected to the reference pressure chamber for increasing the reference pressure; a gas outlet valve connected to the reference pressure chamber for decreasing the reference pressure; and a regulator connected to the gas inlet valve and the gas outlet valve for actuating the valves. The regulator includes a device for generating a desired pressure value for the container and a measuring member connected for providing an indication of the pressure in at least one of the reference pressure chamber and the container.

摘要翻译： 用于调节容器中的压力的​​系统。 该系统包括具有参考压力室的膜压力调节器，其包含参考压力，以及通过膜压力调节器连接到容器的真空泵。 该系统还包括连接到参考压力室的气体入口阀，用于增加参考压力; 连接到参考压力室的气体出口阀，用于降低参考压力; 以及连接到气体入口阀和气体出口阀的调节器，用于致动阀。 调节器包括用于产生用于容器的期望压力值的装置和连接用于提供至少一个参考压力室和容器中的压力指示的测量构件。

公开(公告)号：US4794330A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-27

申请号：US010423

申请日：1987-02-03

申请人： Hans-Hermann Klein ,  Zoltan Szocs

发明人： Hans-Hermann Klein ,  Zoltan Szocs

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01R15/00 ,  G01R17/04

CPC分类号： G01D3/022 ,  G01R15/005

摘要： A method and circuit for measuring and displaying a parameter, in which the parameter is sensed by means of a sensor which supplies an output voltage representative of the value of the parameter, the output voltage is compared with a comparison voltage associated with the sensor response characteristic, and a display is produced on the basis of the result of the comparing step. The comparison is effected by supplying the output voltage from the sensor to a first input of a comparator, supplying the comparison voltage to a second input of the comparator, and varying the comparison voltage between successive values extending over the output voltage range of the sensor. The display is produced by providing a succession of parameter value signals each associated with a respective comparison voltage value, supplying each parameter value signal to a latch device in synchronism with occurrence of the associated comparison voltage value, and conducting to a display device from the latch device the parameter value signal which is associated with the comparison voltage value that corresponds to the output voltage value of the sensor.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量和显示参数的方法和电路，其中通过提供表示参数值的输出电压的传感器来感测参数，将输出电压与与传感器响应特性相关联的比较电压进行比较 并且基于比较步骤的结果产生显示。 比较通过将来自传感器的输出电压提供给比较器的第一输入端，将比较电压提供给比较器的第二输入端，并且改变在传感器的输出电压范围上延伸的连续值之间的比较电压。 显示是通过提供一系列参数值信号产生的，每个参数值信号与相应的比较电压值相关联，将每个参数值信号与相关联的比较电压值的出现同步地提供给锁存器件，并且从锁存器 设置与与传感器的输出电压值对应的比较电压值相关联的参数值信号。

公开(公告)号：US4780042A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-25

申请号：US57221

申请日：1987-06-02

申请人： Wolfgang Reuter ,  Oskar Tippmann

发明人： Wolfgang Reuter ,  Oskar Tippmann

IPC分类号： B22D41/06 ,  F27B14/02 ,  B65G65/04 ,  B65G65/36

CPC分类号： B22D41/06 ,  F27B14/02 ,  Y10T74/18096

摘要： A tilting mechanism for precisely controlling the pouring of metal from a melting crucible is disclosed. The mechanism utilizes a pressure roller journalled in an adjustable bearing mount to clearance-free urge a rack against a pinion to tilt the crucible. At least one boom is disposed on the adjustable bearing mount to pivot the hydraulic cylinder in a parallel direction relative to the tilting shaft.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于精确控制来自熔化坩埚的金属倾倒的倾斜机构。 该机构使用安装在可调节轴承安装座中的压力辊，以便无间隙地将机架推向小齿轮以倾斜坩埚。 至少一个悬臂设置在可调节的轴承座上，以使液压缸相对于倾斜轴在平行方向上枢转。

公开(公告)号：US4772848A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-20

申请号：US010910

申请日：1987-02-05

申请人： Heinz Hummel

发明人： Heinz Hummel

IPC分类号： G01N27/74 ,  G01N7/00 ,  G01R33/12

CPC分类号： G01N27/74

摘要： A paramagnetic measuring instrument comprises a magnetic circuit, formed from ferromagnetic material and having pole ends defining a discontinuity, and a gas measuring chamber disposed in the discontinuity between the pole ends. The measuring chamber includes a frame shaped outer part formed from nonmagnetic material and having a central opening extending between the pole ends; two ferromagnetic pole shoes each respectively disposed adjacent a separate one of the pole ends and extending into the opening of the outer part; two distribution channels disposed in the outer part on opposite sides of the measuring gap for supplying a measuring gas and a comparison gas, respectively, to the measuring gap; and inlet and outlet gas lines for supplying the measuring gas and the comparison gas, respectively, and removing the mixture formed from the measuring and comparison gases. According to the invention, the cross section of the opening of the outer part of the measuring chamber, as well as the pole faces, are rectangular. Furthermore, the distribution channels extend in straight lines, parallel to one another, at the two opposite shorter sides of the measuring gap. The distribution channels have a length corresponding to the length L of the shorter sides and have a height h and a depth t, respectively, which in each case is greater than the width W of the measuring gap.

摘要翻译： 顺磁测量仪器包括由铁磁材料形成并具有限定不连续点的极端的磁路和设置在极端之间的不连续处的气体测量室。 测量室包括由非磁性材料形成并具有在极端之间延伸的中心开口的框形外部; 两个铁磁极靴分别设置成邻近所述极端中的一个并延伸到所述外部部分的开口中; 两个分配通道设置在测量间隙的相对侧的外部部分中，用于将测量气体和比较气体分别提供给测量间隙; 以及用于分别供应测量气体和比较气体的入口和出口气体管线，并且去除由测量和比较气体形成的混合物。 根据本发明，测量室的外部部分的开口以及极面的横截面是矩形的。 此外，分配通道在测量间隙的两个相对短边处彼此平行延伸。 分配通道具有与短边的长度L对应的长度，并且分别具有高度h和深度t，每个高度h和深度t在每种情况下都大于测量间隙的宽度W.