公开(公告)号：US06909075B2

公开(公告)日：2005-06-21

申请号：US10247352

申请日：2002-09-20

申请人： Petr Jake{hacek over (s)} ,  Michal Burda ,  Renata Johnov{dot over (a)}

发明人： Petr Jake{hacek over (s)} ,  Michal Burda ,  Renata Johnov{dot over (a)}

IPC分类号： C03B5/02 ,  C03B5/182 ,  C03B5/20 ,  F27B3/04 ,  F27B3/18 ,  F27B3/19 ,  F27B3/20 ,  F27D19/00 ,  F27D99/00 ,  H05B6/78

CPC分类号： F27D99/0006 ,  C03B5/023 ,  C03B5/182 ,  C03B5/20 ,  F27B3/045 ,  F27B3/18 ,  F27B3/19 ,  F27B3/20 ,  F27D19/00 ,  F27D2099/0028 ,  H05B6/78 ,  H05B6/784

摘要： Apparatus for heat treatment of raw materials for production of a melt includes a first chamber having a first chamber crucible, a first chamber inlet for a raw material leading to the first chamber crucible, at least one first chamber microwave generator, and a first chamber outlet for a melt formed from the raw material, at least a second chamber having a second chamber crucible, a second chamber inlet for receiving the melt leading to the second chamber crucible, at least one second chamber microwave generator, and a second chamber outlet, and one or more baffles or cascades arranged within the apparatus so that the melt flows over, under, or through an opening in at least one of the baffles or cascades. A preheating chamber and/or a storage chamber can also be included. A method of producing a homogeneous melt from raw materials by volume microwave heating is also provided.

摘要翻译： 用于生产熔体的原料的热处理装置包括具有第一室坩埚的第一室，通向第一室坩埚的原料的第一室入口，至少一个第一室微波发生器和第一室出口 用于由原料形成的熔体，至少第二室具有第二室坩埚，用于接收通向第二室坩埚的熔体的第二室入口，至少一个第二室微波发生器和第二室出口，以及 布置在设备内的一个或多个挡板或级联，使得熔体在至少一个挡板或级联中的开口处流过，在或穿过其中。 还可以包括预热室和/或储存室。 还提供了通过体积微波加热从原料生产均匀熔体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20110224473A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-15

申请号：US12985862

申请日：2011-01-06

申请人： Mark S. DENTON

发明人： Mark S. DENTON

IPC分类号： G21F9/00 ,  G21C1/00

CPC分类号： G21F9/305 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/021 ,  C03B5/023 ,  G21F9/008 ,  G21F9/16 ,  G21F9/34 ,  Y02P40/52

摘要： Systems and processes for reducing the volume of radioactive waste materials through pyrolysis and vitrification carried out by microwave heating and, in some instances, a combination of microwave heating and inductive heating. In some embodiments, the microwave-enhanced vitrification system comprises a microwave system for treating waste material combined with a modular vitrification system that uses inductive heating to vitrify waste material. The final product of the microwave-enhanced vitrification system is a denser, compacted radioactive waste product.

摘要翻译： 通过微波加热进行热解和玻璃化以减少放射性废料的体积的系统和方法，在某些情况下，微波加热和感应加热的组合。 在一些实施方案中，微波增强玻璃化系统包括用于处理废料的微波系统，其与使用感应加热以使废料玻璃化的模块化玻璃化系统结合。 微波增强玻璃化系统的最终产品是更致密，更紧凑的放射性废物产品。

公开(公告)号：US5977528A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US948446

申请日：1997-10-10

申请人： Robert D. Petersen ,  J. Aubrey Beck, Jr. ,  Harold D. Kimrey, Jr. ,  Alois F. Sferrazza

发明人： Robert D. Petersen ,  J. Aubrey Beck, Jr. ,  Harold D. Kimrey, Jr. ,  Alois F. Sferrazza

IPC分类号： C03B5/02 ,  F23G5/08 ,  G21F9/30 ,  H05B6/80 ,  H05B6/78

CPC分类号： H05B6/76 ,  C03B5/023 ,  F23G5/085 ,  G21F9/308 ,  H05B6/705 ,  H05B6/707 ,  H05B6/80 ,  F23G2204/203 ,  F23G2205/121 ,  H05B2206/045 ,  H05B2206/046

摘要： A rectangular microwave applicator for processing waste material. The rectangular microwave applicator generally includes an upper cavity and a waste container. The upper cavity defines side walls and a ceiling, the bottom of the upper cavity is open. A screwfeeder tube is positioned on and extends through one of the side walls, and a vent is positioned on and extends through another of the side walls. The waste container is rectangular in configuration and is receivable in the bottom of the upper cavity. The waste container holds waste material which is introduced therein via the screwfeeder tube. A microwave choke is carried across the bottom of the upper cavity and is configured to permit the entrance of the waste container in the bottom of the upper cavity. A microwave energy input is at each corner on top of the ceiling of upper cavity and extends therethrough. Each of the corner microwave energy inputs delivers microwave energy to waste material in the corners of the waste container and is configured to transform a rectangular waveguide to a circular waveguide to maintain microwave energy in the corners of the waste container for effective heating of the waste material.

摘要翻译： 用于处理废料的矩形微波加热器。 矩形微波施加器通常包括上部空腔和废物容器。 上腔定义侧壁和天花板，上腔的底部是开放的。 螺旋进料管位于并延伸穿过其中一个侧壁，并且通风口位于并延伸穿过另一个侧壁。 废物容器的形状为矩形，可以接收在上腔体的底部。 废物容器容纳通过螺旋给料管引入其中的废料。 微波扼流器穿过上腔的底部，并被构造成允许废物容器进入上腔的底部。 微波能量输入位于上腔顶部的每一个角落处并延伸穿过其中。 每个角落微波能量输入将微波能量输送到废物容器的角落中的废料，并且被配置成将矩形波导变换成圆形波导以将微波能量保持在废物容器的角落中，以有效地加热废料 。

公开(公告)号：US20060144091A1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-06

申请号：US11365728

申请日：2006-02-28

申请人： Hiroaki Kato ,  Eiichi Nakaoka

发明人： Hiroaki Kato ,  Eiichi Nakaoka

IPC分类号： C03B5/02 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B3/00

CPC分类号： C03B5/023 ,  C03B5/021 ,  H05B6/80

摘要： There are provided a glass melting apparatus and a glass melting method which are capable of uniformly melting glass materials and shortening or dispensing with a fining process. The glass melting apparatus 200 is comprised of an oscillator 201 having a gyrotron 202 disposed therein for emitting high-frequency waves of 28 GHz, a circular waveguide 203 for transmitting the millimeter waves from the oscillator 201, an applicator 204 having a ceramic furnace 111 disposed therein, and a CPU 205 controlling a thermocouple 206 for measuring the temperature of molten glass within the furnace 111 and a power supply panel 207 for supplying electric power to the oscillator 201. The furnace 111 has an upper part thereof formed with a batch inlet port 112 through which a mixture of glass materials (hereinafter referred to as “the batch”) is charged, and a lower part thereof formed with an outlet end 113 through which the batch melted uniformly by dielectric heating within the furnace 111 is dropped into a bus 121.

摘要翻译： 提供了能够均匀地熔化玻璃材料并缩短或分配澄清工艺的玻璃熔化设备和玻璃熔化方法。 玻璃熔化装置200由具有设置在其中用于发射28GHz的高频波的旋转管202的振荡器201，用于从振荡器201传输毫米波的圆形波导203，设置有陶瓷炉111的施加器204 以及控制用于测量炉111内的熔融玻璃的温度的热电偶206的CPU 205和用于向振荡器201供电的电源面板207.炉111的上部形成有批量入口 112，玻璃材料（以下称为“批料”）的混合物，其下部形成有出口端113，通过在炉111内通过电介质加热将批次熔融的批料滴入总线 121。

公开(公告)号：US06938441B1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-06

申请号：US10018119

申请日：2000-06-12

申请人： Milan Hájek ,  Ji{hacek over (r)}i Draho{hacek over (s)} ,  Václay Volf ,  Jaroslav Vozáb

发明人： Milan Hájek ,  Ji{hacek over (r)}i Draho{hacek over (s)} ,  Václay Volf ,  Jaroslav Vozáb

IPC分类号： H05B6/66 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03B5/235 ,  C03C1/00 ,  C03C14/00 ,  C04B41/00 ,  F27D11/00 ,  H05B6/80 ,  C03B32/00

CPC分类号： C03C1/00 ,  C03B5/023

摘要： A method of heat treatment of glass materials and natural materials specifically of volcanic origin according to which the treated material is exposed to microwave radiation at a frequency range from 1 MHz to 10 GHz and temperature range from the ambient temperature to 1800° C. in a batch or continuous process. The glass or natural material subjected to a melting and/or refining process contains an inert additive elected from the group comprising carbides, nitrides or borides in an amount from 1 to 100 g preferably 5 to 50 g per 1 kg of the glass or natural material. The apparatus consists substantially of a microwave furnace comprising an outer shell (8.2) provided with a cover (10) and an inner shell (8.1) and at least one micro wave generator (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) with double emission and total power from 0.1 to 1 kW per 1 kg of the treated material.

摘要翻译： 一种热处理特定于火山源的玻璃材料和天然材料的方法，根据该方法，经处理的材料以1MHz至10GHz的频率范围暴露于微波辐射以及从环境温度至1800℃的温度范围内 批次或连续过程。 进行熔融和/或精炼工艺的玻璃或天然材料含有从包含碳化物，氮化物或硼化物的组中选出的惰性添加剂，其量为每1kg玻璃或天然材料1至100g，优选5至50g 。 该设备基本上由微波炉构成，该微波炉包括设置有盖（10）和内壳（8.1）的外壳（8.2）和具有双重排放和总共的至少一个微波发生器（1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4） 每1kg处理材料的功率为0.1至1kW。

公开(公告)号：US20040099010A1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-27

申请号：US10311380

申请日：2003-07-03

发明人： Sonny Johansson

IPC分类号： C03B005/02 ,  H05B006/80

CPC分类号： C03B5/023 ,  H05B6/80

摘要： A furnace is for melting of glass material, such as glass or glass batch, by use of microwaves. The furnace includes a container which is adapted to hold the glass material, and a device for emitting microwaves. The furnace includes a microwave absorber which is protected by a barrier from being decomposed by the glass material, the microwave absorber being adapted to absorb the energy of the microwaves and emit this energy as heat to the glass material.

摘要翻译： 熔炉用于通过使用微波熔化玻璃材料，例如玻璃或玻璃批料。 该炉包括容纳玻璃材料的容器和用于发射微波的装置。 该炉包括微波吸收体，该微波吸收体受到屏障的保护，不被玻璃材料分解，微波吸收体适于吸收微波的能量，并将该能量作为热量发射到玻璃材料。

公开(公告)号：US20240010539A1

公开(公告)日：2024-01-11

申请号：US18470909

申请日：2023-09-20

申请人： Schott AG

发明人： Hildegard Römer ,  Michael Hahn ,  Stefan Rosner ,  Volker Trinks ,  Rainer Eichholz ,  Christoph Bergmann ,  Armin Vogl ,  Jörg Hessenkemper ,  Horst Blei ,  Klaus Schönberger ,  Sybille Haas ,  Guido Räke ,  Stefan Schmitt ,  Christoph Berndhäuser ,  Olaf Claussen ,  Christopher Klein ,  Wolfgang Schmidbauer

IPC分类号： C03B5/03 ,  C03B5/225 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03C3/091

CPC分类号： C03B5/03 ,  C03B5/225 ,  C03B5/023 ,  C03C3/091

摘要： A method of making glass products includes: heating material to obtain a glass melt; heating the glass melt in a melting tank having a melting tank bottom, the glass melt having a melt volume, a melt surface, and a viscosity of 102 dPas at a temperature above 1580° C. The glass melt is heated such that at least some of the glass melt has a viscosity of 102.5 dPas or less. An amount of thermal energy introduced directly into the melt volume is more than 60% of a total amount of thermal energy introduced into the glass melt. A maximum difference between a temperature at a location on the melt surface and a temperature at a location at the melting tank bottom vertically underneath the location on the melt surface is such that a difference in glass melt densities is less than 0.05 g/cm3 per meter distance between the locations.

公开(公告)号：US06568215B2

公开(公告)日：2003-05-27

申请号：US09774493

申请日：2001-01-31

申请人： John Anthony Schofield ,  James Lucas

发明人： John Anthony Schofield ,  James Lucas

IPC分类号： C03B1900

CPC分类号： G21F9/305 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/023 ,  C03B5/025 ,  F23G5/08 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G2204/203 ,  F27B14/14 ,  F27D11/08 ,  F27D11/12 ,  H05B6/80 ,  H05B2206/045 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y10S65/04

摘要： Apparatus suitable for vitrifying nuclear waste comprises a tunable microwave cavity connected by a first wave guide to a source of microwave energy; cooling coils for cooling the exterior of the cavity; a hopper for loading particulate fusible material to the interior of the cavity; within the cavity a crucible made of melted and re-solidified fusible particulate material; an exit-chamber connected by a second waveguide to a second microwave source; and a pipe for supplying argon gas to the exit chamber so that a plasma torch can be generated. The separating of the crucible form the cavity walls by unmelted material gives significant advantages in case of cleaning and reduced energy consumption.

公开(公告)号：US5597504A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-28

申请号：US379570

申请日：1995-03-08

申请人： Xavier Berson ,  Alain Vivet ,  Eric Bertrand

发明人： Xavier Berson ,  Alain Vivet ,  Eric Bertrand

IPC分类号： C03B5/02 ,  H05B6/80

CPC分类号： H05B6/80 ,  C03B5/023 ,  H05B2206/045 ,  Y10S588/90

摘要： A microwave refining and melting furnace for the treatment of dissolved or solid products includes a first waveguide traversed by a microwave beam generated by a generator coupled to a first end of the first waveguide. The first waveguide is provided with a material supply orifice located at an upper part thereof close to a first end of the first waveguide. The first waveguide has at a lower part thereof, close to a second end, an overflow lock of variable height making it possible to define a retention volume for the materials, which have been progressively melted by a continuous flow along the lower wall of the first waveguide, from the reception point thereof in the first guide. A second waveguide is connected to the first waveguide for refining the materials.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FR94 / 00684 Sec。 371日期：1995年3月8日 102（e）1995年3月8日PCT 1994年6月9日PCT公布。 WO94 / 30032 PCT出版物 日期1994年12月22日用于处理溶解或固体产品的微波提炼和熔化炉包括由耦合到第一波导的第一端的发生器产生的微波束穿过的第一波导。 第一波导设置有位于其靠近第一波导的第一端的上部的材料供应孔。 第一波导在其下部具有靠近第二端的可变高度的溢流锁，使得可以限定材料的保持体积，所述保持体积已经沿着沿着所述第一波导的下壁的连续流逐渐熔化 波导，从其在第一引导件中的接收点。 第二波导连接到第一波导用于精炼材料。

公开(公告)号：US5254818A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-19

申请号：US860071

申请日：1992-03-30

申请人： Bruno Aubert

发明人： Bruno Aubert

IPC分类号： G21F9/16 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  F27B3/08 ,  G21F9/30 ,  H05B6/80 ,  H05B6/78

CPC分类号： B09B3/0066 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/023 ,  G21F9/305 ,  H05B6/80 ,  H05B2206/045

摘要： The furnace according to the invention makes it possible to continuously vitrify and/or densify toxic materials, such a nuclear waste, by using microwaves. The furnace contains two vertical ends connected by a horizontal melting vessel. The materials to be melted and the microwaves are introduced at the first end. The melting vessel has a constant cross-section as a result of a horizontal upper wall in order to aid the distribution of the power of the microwaves over the surface of the molten bath. Preferably, the second end is provided with a piston making it possible to regulate the return of non-absorbed microwaves.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的炉子可以通过使用微波将连续的玻璃化和/或致密化有毒物质，如核废料。 炉子包含两个由水平熔化容器连接的垂直端。 待熔化的材料和微波在第一端被引入。 熔融容器由于水平上壁而具有恒定的横截面，以帮助将微波的功率分布在熔池的表面上。 优选地，第二端设置有活塞，使得可以调节未吸收的微波的返回。