公开(公告)号：US4448691A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-15

申请号：US465977

申请日：1983-02-14

申请人： James C. Davis

发明人： James C. Davis

IPC分类号： B01D15/08 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N30/84

CPC分类号： G01N30/84 ,  B01D15/245 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  G01N2001/381 ,  G01N2030/8423 ,  G01N2030/8435

摘要： Reagent is added to liquid chromatographic effluent to increase detection sensitivity of sample bands, or to enhance sensitivity with respect to interfering bands which overlap sample bands of interest, using one or more hollow fibers immersed within mobile reagent which is permeated through the walls of the fibers and, thus, ultimately diffused into the column effluent.

摘要翻译： 将试剂加入到液相色谱流出物中以提高样品带的检测灵敏度，或者使用浸渍在穿过纤维壁的移动试剂中的一种或多种中空纤维来增强与重叠样品带重叠的干扰条带的敏感性 并因此最终扩散到柱流出物中。

公开(公告)号：US3858435A

公开(公告)日：1975-01-07

申请号：US33828773

申请日：1973-03-05

申请人： CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN

发明人： STEVENS MARIO R

IPC分类号： G01N30/28 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N30/84 ,  G01N31/08

CPC分类号： G01N30/28 ,  G01N30/84 ,  G01N2030/0095 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/8423

摘要： A compact, efficient, portable gas chromatograph system is disclosed in which the gas chromatographic column is disposed in a closed loop with an electrolytic hydrogen generator-separator. The output from the column containing the bands of analyzable materials dispersed in hydrogen carrier gas is passed through the tubular anode of the generator-separator. The hydrogen passes through the wall of the anode, across the electrolyte through the wall of the cathode and is collected and returned by way of the sample inlet to the inlet to the column. The analyzable material remaining stalled within the anode tube is swept into the detector by an auxiliary electrolytic hydrogen generator. A pressure transducer downstream from the anode develops an increased voltage signal in response to pressure drop which is applied to the controller for the auxiliary hydrogen generator to maintain a constant flow of hydrogen carrier gas within the closed loop circuit while also maintaining a flow of hydrogen sweep gas to the detector.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种紧凑，高效的便携式气相色谱仪系统，其中气相色谱柱与电解氢发生器 - 分离器一起设置在闭环中。 包含分散在氢载气中的可分析材料带的柱的输出通过发生器 - 分离器的管状阳极。 氢气穿过阳极的壁，穿过阴极的壁穿过电解质，并通过样品入口收集并返回到塔的入口。 在阳极管内残留的可分析材料通过辅助电解氢发生器扫入检测器。 阳极下游的压力传感器产生响应于压降的增加的电压信号，该压降被施加到用于辅助氢气发生器的控制器以保持闭环回路内的恒定氢气载气流，同时还保持氢气流 气体到检测器。

公开(公告)号：US5012052A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-30

申请号：US173297

申请日：1988-03-22

申请人： John M. Hayes

发明人： John M. Hayes

IPC分类号： G01N27/62 ,  G01N30/72 ,  G01N30/84 ,  H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/26

CPC分类号： G01N30/84 ,  G01N30/7206 ,  G01N2030/8405 ,  G01N2030/8423 ,  G01N2030/8435

摘要： An isotope-ratio-monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry apparatus and method are disclosed which provide for on-line analysis of isotope compositions with high precision. With the apparatus and method, samples are introduced in a hydrogen carrier gas into a gas chromatograph and resolved into discrete compounds. The discrete compounds are thereafter introduced to a selectively permeable membrane separator, empolying palladium, palladium alloy or other suitable material, to separate out the hydrogen carrier. A replacement carrier gas is simultaneously introduced to carry the chromatographic sample to a combustion reactor, water separator and isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometer. The replacement carrier gas is introduced at a lower flowrate than the hydrogen carrier gas, thus permitting lower flowrates to be introduced to the mass spectrometer to improve its precision. Flowrates to the mass spectrometer are thus reduced without any loss or fractionation of the sample. An improved combustion system is employed to reduce system volume and equalize system pressure, while still providing quantitative combustion.

摘要翻译： 公开了同位素比监测气相色谱 - 质谱分析装置和方法，其提供高精度同位素组成的在线分析。 利用该装置和方法，将样品在氢气载气中引入气相色谱仪中并分离成离散的化合物。 然后将离散的化合物引入选择性渗透的膜分离器中，使钯，钯合金或其它合适的材料分解出氢载体。 同时引入替代载气，将色谱样品运送到燃烧反应器，水分离器和同位素比监测质谱仪。 替换的载气以比氢载气更低的流量被引入，从而允许较低的流量被引入质谱仪以提高其精度。 因此，降低到质谱仪的流出而没有样品的任何损失或分级。 采用改进的燃烧系统来降低系统体积和均衡系统压力，同时仍然提供定量燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4549965A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-29

申请号：US570562

申请日：1984-01-13

申请人： James C. Davis

发明人： James C. Davis

IPC分类号： B01D15/08 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/84

CPC分类号： G01N30/84 ,  B01D15/08 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  G01N2001/381 ,  G01N2030/8423 ,  G01N2030/8435

摘要： Reagent is added to liquid chromatographic effluent to increase detection sensitivity of sample bands, or to enhance sensitivity with respect to interfering bands which overlap sample bands of interest, using one or more hollow fibers immersed within mobile reagent which is permeated through the walls of the fibers and, thus, ultimately diffused into the column effluent.

摘要翻译： 将试剂加入到液相色谱流出物中以提高样品带的检测灵敏度，或者使用浸渍在穿过纤维壁的移动试剂中的一种或多种中空纤维来增强与重叠样品带重叠的干扰条带的敏感性 并因此最终扩散到柱流出物中。

公开(公告)号：US3927555A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-23

申请号：US40616373

申请日：1973-10-15

申请人： GEN ELECTRIC

发明人： GODWIN STANLEY J ,  KLINT ROBERT V

IPC分类号： G01B7/16 ,  G01N30/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N31/06

CPC分类号： G01N33/0027 ,  G01B7/16 ,  G01N30/00 ,  G01N2030/8423

摘要： A hydrogen sensor unit with a palladium alloy tube open at both ends that changes length reversibly dependent on hydrogen concentration has an improved mounting for substantially unconstrained volumetric change in all directions, so as to be usable with a large range of hydrogen concentrations. Both the inner and outer surfaces of the tube are contacted by the ambient atmosphere. Associated signal processing equipment continuously derives the percent hydrogen by volume. Applications include monitoring a nuclear reactor and a transformer tank for malfunctions.

摘要翻译： 具有钯合金管两端开放的氢传感器单元，其可逆地依赖于氢浓度改变长度，具有改进的安装，用于在所有方向上基本上无约束的体积变化，从而可用于大范围的氢浓度。 管的内表面和外表面都与环境气氛接触。 相关信号处理设备按照体积不断得出氢气百分比。 应用包括监控核反应堆和变压器箱的故障。

公开(公告)号：US3638397A

公开(公告)日：1972-02-01

申请号：US3638397D

申请日：1969-08-25

申请人： CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN

发明人： CHARLTON KYLE W

IPC分类号： G01N30/08 ,  G01N30/16 ,  G01N30/84 ,  B01D15/08

CPC分类号： G01N30/16 ,  G01N30/08 ,  G01N2030/8423

摘要： A gas sample dispersed in a first carrier gas such as hydrogen is enriched by introducing into the dispersion at a controlled flow rate a mixture of a second carrier gas such as helium diluted with first carrier gas and passing the dispersion through a gas transfer device such as a heated palladium tube which is selectively permeable to the first carrier gas.

摘要翻译： 分散在第一载气如氢气中的气体样品通过以受控的流速将第二载气（例如用第一载气稀释的氦气）的混合物通过分散体通过气体转移装置如 对第一载气选择性可渗透的加热钯管。

公开(公告)号：US07306720B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-11

申请号：US10924236

申请日：2004-08-23

申请人： Purnendu K. Dasgupta ,  S. M. Rahmat Ullah ,  Kannan Srinivasan

发明人： Purnendu K. Dasgupta ,  S. M. Rahmat Ullah ,  Kannan Srinivasan

IPC分类号： B01D15/08

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  B01D19/0031 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/8423

摘要： In a liquid chromatographic system, removing at least part of a volatile component from the liquid sample stream after separation by flowing it through a volatile component-removal device including a porous wall having a surface coating of a permeable polymer less than 10 μm thick. A liquid chromatographic system suitable for performing the method. Also, a liquid chromatographic system in which volatile component is removed prior to separation across the same type of membrane or across a membrane made of a copolymer of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole.

摘要翻译： 在液相色谱系统中，通过将分离后的液体样品流中的挥发性成分的至少一部分流过挥发性成分除去装置，该挥发性成分除去装置包括具有小于10μm厚的可渗透聚合物的表面涂层的多孔壁。 适用于执行该方法的液相色谱系统。 而且，其中挥发性组分在分离过去相同类型的膜之前或通过由全氟-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烯的共聚物制成的膜上除去的液相色谱系统。

公开(公告)号：US20070077546A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-05

申请号：US11200709

申请日：2005-08-10

申请人： Zhenghua Ji ,  Barry Boyes

发明人： Zhenghua Ji ,  Barry Boyes

IPC分类号： A01N1/02 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J20/00

CPC分类号： G01N30/7233 ,  B01D15/24 ,  B01J20/28014 ,  G01N30/84 ,  G01N2030/8423

摘要： Apparatus and methods are disclosed for concentrating one or more components in a fluid effluent, which comprises fractions comprising separated components of interest. The fluid effluent is passed through a concentration device comprising a hollow element comprising a wall at least a portion of which is porous wherein the hollow element is disposed in the interior of a hollow liner. Fluid effluent molecules are permitted to permeate through the wall of the hollow element so that component molecules are concentrated in remaining effluent, which exits the concentration device. The component or components may then be detected.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于将一种或多种组分浓缩在流体流出物中的装置和方法，其包括包含所关注的分离组分的级分。 流体流出物通过浓缩装置，该浓缩装置包括中空元件，该中空元件包括其至少一部分是多孔的壁，其中中空元件设置在空心衬里的内部。 允许流体流出物分子穿过中空元件的壁，使得组分分子被浓缩在离开浓缩装置的剩余流出物中。 然后可以检测组件或组件。

公开(公告)号：US5538643A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US434306

申请日：1995-05-02

申请人： George J. Kallos ,  Richard R. Papenfuss

发明人： George J. Kallos ,  Richard R. Papenfuss

IPC分类号： G01N21/35 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N30/84 ,  B01D15/08

CPC分类号： G01N30/84 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  G01N2030/743 ,  G01N2030/8417 ,  G01N2030/8423 ,  G01N2030/8464 ,  G01N2030/8476

摘要： Apparatus for interfacing a liquid chromatograph (LC) with a spectrometer such as a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the LC having an eluant, the eluant containing a solvent and a component of interest. The apparatus includes five basic parts. The first is a means for generating a stream of droplets of the eluant, such as a nebulizer. The second is a means for removing most of the solvent from the stream of droplets of the eluant to thereby generate a stream of particles, the particles containing the component of interest and any residual solvent, such as a membrane solvent separator/momentum separator combination. The third is a cryogenic receiving surface, such as a gold drum. The forth is a means for focusing the stream of particles onto the cryogenic receiving surface so that the particles adhere to the cryogenic receiving surface, such as a one and two-tenths millimeter inside diameter stainless steel tube positioned with a gap between the distal end of the tube and the cryogenic receiving surface of one-quarter millimeter. The fifth is a means for controlling the temperature of the cryogenic receiving surface, such as a helium refrigerator. In operation, the cryogenic receiving surface is maintained at a temperature effective to cause the particles to adhere to the cryogenic receiving surface to form a region of adhered particles, such as a temperature of between seventy and one hundred and five degrees Kelvin, the cryogenic receiving surface being maintained in a partial vacuum. Then, the cryogenic receiving surface is warmed, e.g., to between one hundred and five and two hundred degrees Kelvin, to volatilize essentially all of any remaining solvent from the region of adhered particles prior to spectroscopic analysis of the region of adhered particles.

摘要翻译： 用于将液相色谱仪（LC）与诸如傅里叶变换红外光谱仪的光谱仪接口的液体色谱仪，具有洗脱剂的LC，含有溶剂的洗脱液和感兴趣的组分。 该装置包括五个基本部分。 第一种是用于产生洗脱液的液滴流的方法，例如喷雾器。 第二种是从洗脱剂液滴流中除去大部分溶剂的手段，从而产生颗粒流，包含目的组分的颗粒和任何残留的溶剂，例如膜溶剂分离器/动量分离器组合。 第三个是低温接收表面，例如金鼓。 第四是用于将颗粒流聚焦到低温接收表面上的手段，使得颗粒粘附到低温接收表面上，例如一个和十分之二十毫米内径的不锈钢管，定位为在 管和低温接收面四分之一毫米。 第五种是用于控制低温接收表面的温度的方法，例如氦制冷机。 在操作中，低温接收表面保持在有效的温度以使颗粒附着到低温接收表面上以形成附着颗粒的区域，例如七十五百分之一百五十五开尔文之间的温度，低温接收 表面保持在部分真空中。 然后，低温接收表面被加热，例如在一百五百到二百开尔文之间，在粘附的颗粒区域的光谱分析之前，从粘附的颗粒区域基本上挥发任何剩余的溶剂。

公开(公告)号：US3666942A

公开(公告)日：1972-05-30

申请号：US3666942D

申请日：1970-11-06

申请人： NASA

发明人： LORD HARRY C

IPC分类号： G01N30/14 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N21/34

CPC分类号： G01N30/74 ,  G01N2030/146 ,  G01N2030/8423

摘要： A hydrogen-deuterium mixture is partially separated by helium carrier gas chromatography to form an effluent which is measured to determine total hydrogen isotopic concentration. The HD component of the effluent is ionized to form HD ions. The HD 10 band absorption is then measured with a conventional high resolution infrared detector providing a signal indicative of absolute deuterium concentration (as HD). The H/D ratio is readily determined from the total concentration and deuterium concentration.

摘要翻译： 氢氘混合物通过氦气载气色谱法部分分离，形成流出物，测定其以确定总氢同位素浓度。 流出物的HD组分被离子化以形成HD +离子。 然后用常规的高分辨率红外检测器测量HD + 1-0带吸收，提供表示绝对氘浓度（HD）的信号。 H / D比容易从总浓度和氘浓度确定。