摘要:
A lithographic method includes forming a photoresist layer on a target layer, forming a photo-decomposable base (PDB) layer on the photo resist layer, performing an exposure operation using a mask, and performing a negative development treatment to form a patterned photoresist layer on the target layer. In some cases, the photo-decomposable base layer includes a self-generating top coating photo-decomposable base (TC-PDB) layer. The method can also include forming a top surface water-resistant coating in separate coating process. In some embodiments, a top surface water-resistant coating is self-generated during a photoresist coating process.
摘要:
A method for the preparation of a compound of formula (II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently H, alkyl, alkoxy, oxoalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl whether unsubstituted or substituted, optionally interrupted by one or more hetero atoms, straight chain or branched chain, hydrophilic, hydrophobic or fluorophilic; R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently or all hydrogen or halogen; provided that at least two of the R3, R4, R5 and R6 are halogens.
摘要:
2,2-Dichloroacetoacetyl chloride having the formula: ##STR1## Process for producing 2,2-dichloroacetoacetyl chloride wherein acetyl chloride is reacted by means of a Lewis acid as a catalyst with chlorine at a temperature of 30.degree. to 60.degree. C. The mole ratio of acetyl chloride to the catalyst is from 1:0.005 to 1:0.5 and the mole ratio of acetyl chloride to the chlorine is from 1:0.1 to 1:1.5. The most preferred catalysts are aluminum chloride and aluminum bromide.
摘要:
This invention relates to new ammonium salts of .alpha.-ketocarboxylic acids, to their use for the production of amines in situ by photochemical decomposition and to photochemically hardenable coating compositions containing these ammonium salts.
摘要:
Corrosion-inhibited compositions are described comprising a functional fluid in contact with a ferrous metal and, as corrosion inhibitor, a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is H, an alkali- or alkaline earth metal, NH.sub.4, the residue of a protonated amine, or the group --OX is the residue of an alkanol having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or of di-, tri- or tetra-ol having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and each is H or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOX wherein X has its previous meaning; R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and each is H, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOX wherein X has its previous meaning, or R.sup.3 or R.sup.5 is a straight- or branched chain alkyl group having from 3 to 16 carbon atoms; or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5, together with the carbon atom to which they are each attached, may form a cycloalkanone ring containing from 5 to 15 carbon atoms.
摘要:
The new compound vincamine 2-ketoglutarate of the formula: ##SPC1##Is disclosed and is prepared by mixing 2-ketoglutaric acid and vincamine or a salt thereof in a solvent and recovering the resulting vincamine 2-ketoglutarate which has interesting properties as a vasodilator and brain oxygenator. The vincamine may be prepared by allowing a mixture of a solution of 16-epivincamine and a quaternary ammonium hydroxide to stand whereafter the vincamine is recovered.
摘要:
A detergent builder composition having the formula: ##EQU1## wherein R is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --COOX, X being a member selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, alkali metals, ammonium and substituted ammonium.
摘要:
NOVEL LINEAR TELOMERS OF C4 ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF ARE PRODUCED BY TELOMERIZING A C4 ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED DICARBOXYLIC ACID OR DERIVATIVE THEREOF WITH CERTAIN ALKYL ESTER OF ALKYLENE CARBONATE REACTANT IN THE PRESENCE OF A FREERADICAL CATALYST. THE TELOMERS ARE CONVERTED BY SAPONIFICATION WITH ALKAKI METAL OR AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS TO SUBSTANTIALLY BIODEGRADABLE, WATER-SOLUBLE POLYCARBOXYLATE SALTS TERMINATED WITH AN HYDROXY-SUBSTITUTED ALKYL END GROUP. THE COMPOUNDS ARE USED AS DETERGENT BUILDERS.