公开(公告)号：US06049249A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

申请号：US925930

申请日：1997-09-08

Applicant: Ivo Tammaru ,  James W. Hansen

Inventor： Ivo Tammaru ,  James W. Hansen

IPC: H01J23/15 ,  H01J25/38 ,  H03F3/58 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J23/15 ,  H01J25/38 ,  H03F3/58

Abstract: Apparatus compensating for gain variations versus frequency of a traveling wave tube (TWT) is disclosed. The apparatus provides an RF interaction circuit section designed with specified mismatches causing internal reflections of the RF waves, such that the overall gain response is flattened out or inverted.

Abstract translation: 公开了补偿行波管（TWT）的增益变化与频率的装置。 该装置提供设计成具有引起RF波的内部反射的指定失配的RF相互作用电路部分，使得整体增益响应被平坦化或反转。

公开(公告)号：US5932971A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-03

申请号：US869841

申请日：1997-06-05

Applicant: Dan M. Goebel ,  Edward A. Adler

Inventor： Dan M. Goebel ,  Edward A. Adler

IPC: H01J23/087 ,  H01J25/38 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J25/38 ,  H01J23/0873 ,  H01J2223/087

Abstract: A traveling wave tube and method of operation is disclosed. The traveling wave tube includes a slow wave structure such as a helix member provided with input and output ends and located within a tube member. An electron gun assembly is adjacent the input end for injecting electrons as an electron beam along an axial path through the helix member. A magnetic focusing device generates a magnetic field having a given strength to confine the beam to the axial path. The given strength of the magnetic field is sufficient to confine the beam only when the power level of the microwave input signal is selected such that the given power level of the microwave output signal is at least 6 dB lower than the power level of the microwave output signal at saturation. Boron Nitride (BN) supporting rods are engaged between the tube and helix members for supporting and transferring heat away from the helix member.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种行波管及其操作方法。 行波管包括慢波结构，例如设置有输入和输出端并位于管构件内的螺旋构件。 电子枪组件靠近输入端，用于沿着通过螺旋构件的轴向路径注入电子作为电子束。 磁聚焦装置产生具有给定强度的磁场以将光束限制在轴向路径上。 只有当微波输入信号的功率电平被选择使得微波输出信号的给定功率电平比微波输出的功率电平低至少6dB时，磁场的给定强度才足以限制光束 饱和信号。 氮化硼（BN）支撑杆接合在管和螺旋构件之间，用于支撑和传递远离螺旋构件的热量。

公开(公告)号：US4378512A

公开(公告)日：1983-03-29

申请号：US176681

申请日：1980-08-08

Applicant: Kunio Tsutaki

Inventor： Kunio Tsutaki

IPC: H01J23/26 ,  H01J25/38 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J23/26 ,  H01J25/38

Abstract: A helix-type traveling wave tube delay line extends from an input side to an output side. An electron gun adjacent the input side of the helix means transmits an electronic beam to a collector adjacent the output side. An attenuator divides the helix at a location between the input side and the output side. Between the attenuator and input, the helix has a pitch (P.sub.0). Between the attenuator and the output, the pitch (P.sub.1) of the helix is greater than the pitch (P.sub.0) to form a fast velocity circuit. The pitch (P.sub.2) of a second part of the helix between the attenuator and output is less than the pitch (P.sub.0) to form a slow velocity circuit. A third part of the helix is interposed between the first and second parts to form a velocity taper section having a helical pitch which varies from the larger pitch (P.sub.1) to the smaller pitch (P.sub.2). One fairly central position in the third part of the helix has an average pitch of (P.sub.1 +P.sub.2)/2. A first length (L.sub.1) of the helix includes all of the first part and continues to the position of average pitch. A second length (L.sub.2) of the helix includes all of the second part and continues to the position of average pitch. The ratio L.sub.1 /L.sub.2 ranges from 0.6 to 2, and the ratio (2(P.sub.1 -P.sub.2)/(P.sub.1 +P.sub.2)) of the difference between pitches P.sub.1 and P.sub.2 to the average pitch ranges from 0.04 to 0.14.

Abstract translation: 螺旋型行波管延迟线从输入侧延伸到输出侧。 邻近螺旋装置的输入侧的电子枪将电子束传送到靠近输出侧的收集器。 衰减器在输入侧和输出侧之间的位置分割螺旋线。 在衰减器和输入端之间，螺旋线具有间距（P0）。 在衰减器和输出端之间，螺旋线的螺距（P1）大于间距（P0）以形成快速电路。 衰减器和输出之间的螺旋线的第二部分的间距（P2）小于间距（P0）以形成慢速电路。 螺旋的第三部分插入在第一和第二部分之间以形成具有从较大节距（P1）到较小间距（P2）变化的螺距的速度锥形部分。 在螺旋的第三部分中的一个相当中心的位置具有（P1 + P2）/ 2的平均间距。 螺旋的第一长度（L1）包括所有第一部分并且继续到平均间距的位置。 螺旋的第二长度（L2）包括所有第二部分并且继续到平均间距的位置。 比率L1 / L2为0.6〜2，俯仰P1和P2之差与平均间距的比（2（P1-P2）/（P1 + P2））为0.04〜0.14。

公开(公告)号：US4053810A

公开(公告)日：1977-10-11

申请号：US699763

申请日：1976-06-25

Applicant: Bertram G. James

Inventor： Bertram G. James

IPC: H01J25/38 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J25/38

Abstract: A traveling-wave amplifier tube adapted for use as a booster of transmitted signals has very small internal circuit attenuation so that it may be used without an electron beam as a transparent, passive path for low transmitter power. When the booster tube's beam is excited, the signal is amplified about 10dB. Upper bandedge instabilities in the lossless tube are inhibited by a lower cutoff frequency of the circuit near the output end than near the input end, so that bandedge power can flow both ways out of the large-signal output end.

公开(公告)号：US3957890A

公开(公告)日：1976-05-18

申请号：US389835

申请日：1973-08-20

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher

IPC: C07B61/00 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J27/00 ,  B01J31/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/12 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J23/083 ,  H01J23/087 ,  H01J23/26 ,  H01J23/30 ,  H01J23/42 ,  H01J23/50 ,  H01J25/38 ,  H01P5/08 ,  H01Q11/08 ,  H03C3/30 ,  H03H2/00 ,  H04M5/04 ,  H04M19/02 ,  H04Q3/00 ,  C07C79/12

CPC classification number: C07C201/08

Abstract: It was found that the process for the nitration of halogenated aromatic compounds is improved by carrying out the nitration in the presence of a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to produce an ortho-directive effect. The addition of polyvalent metal elements such as vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, and other elements that have the capability of existing in a variety of oxidation states, to a mixture of phosphoric and nitric acid improves the yield of the nitrohaloaromatics without affecting the isomer ratio.

公开(公告)号：US3758811A

公开(公告)日：1973-09-11

申请号：US3758811D

申请日：1972-08-02

Applicant: RAYTHEON CO

Inventor： WONG J

IPC: H01J25/38 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J25/38

Abstract: A traveling wave electron interaction device is provided having means for reducing intermodulation product amplitudes and crossmodulation in multisignal operation. An axial variation of a delay line phase velocity is introduced at substantially low levels of electron beam modulation to provide a positive velocity profile. The fundamental circuit wave of one signal is allowed to proceed with relative little gain while the space harmonic component of another signal is allowed to drop in magnitude thereby improving traveling wave tube linearity by desynchronizing of space harmonic interaction with the electron beam. The invention is suited for low power level communication type devices where signal distortion is a critical parameter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种行波电子相互作用装置，其具有用于在多信号操作中降低互调乘积幅度和交叉调制的装置。 以基本上低的电子束调制水平引入延迟线相速度的轴向变化，以提供正的速度分布。 允许一个信号的基本电路以相对小的增益进行，同时允许另一个信号的空间谐波分量下降，从而通过与电子束的空间谐波相互作用的同步来改善行波管线性度。 本发明适用于信号失真是关键参数的低功率电平通信型设备。

公开(公告)号：US3753030A

公开(公告)日：1973-08-14

申请号：US3753030D

申请日：1972-06-01

Applicant: SPERRY RAND CORP

Inventor： MCMANUS W

IPC: H03F3/58 ,  H01J25/38 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J25/38

Abstract: A dual-helix slow wave traveling wave tube has successive amplification sections associated with first and second input transmission lines, the first amplification section compensating for the high frequency power deficiencies of the second amplification section when the amplifier is operated over a wide range of input power levels.

Abstract translation: 双螺旋慢波行波管具有与第一和第二输入传输线相关联的连续放大部分，当放大器在宽范围的输入功率下工作时，第一放大部分补偿第二放大部分的高频功率缺陷 水平。

公开(公告)号：US3654565A

公开(公告)日：1972-04-04

申请号：US3654565D

申请日：1970-04-28

Applicant: US ARMY

Inventor： JASPER LOUIS J JR

IPC: H01J25/38 ,  H03F3/58

CPC classification number: H01J25/38

Abstract: A traveling wave tube amplifier having an axial annular electron stream and a pair of counterwound axially aligned and radially spaced helices positioned intermediate the electron beam source and the collector electrode. The innermost helix is wound on the outer surface of a cylindrical ferrite which in turn is biased by means of a current-carrying wire loop passing through the axial bore of the ferrite cylinder. The RF input to the amplifier is at the electron source end and is applied to both counterwound coils, either in-phase or 180* out-of-phase. The annular electron stream passes through the annular spacing between both helices and interacts with a prescribed mode, preferably the fundamental mode of RF wave energy propagated axially along the ferrite cylinder.

Abstract translation: 一种行波管放大器，其具有轴向环形电子流和位于电子束源和集电极之间的一对逆向轴向排列和径向隔开的螺旋。 最内螺旋卷绕在圆柱形铁氧体的外表面上，圆柱形铁氧体又通过穿过铁氧体磁体的轴向孔的载流线圈偏置。 放大器的RF输入在电子源端，并且被施加到同相或180°异相的两个反绕线圈。 环形电子流通过两个螺旋之间的环形间隔并与规定的模式相互作用，优选地是沿着铁氧体圆柱体轴向传播的RF波能的基本模式。

公开(公告)号：US3566180A

公开(公告)日：1971-02-23

申请号：US3566180D

申请日：1969-10-02

Applicant: COLLINS RADIO CO

Inventor： EWTON WILLIAM T

IPC: H01J25/38 ,  H01J25/34

CPC classification number: H01J25/38

Abstract: Application of normal operate supply voltages to a helix-type traveling wave tube may cause, under worst defocused conditions, a helix current due to beam impingement thereon, sufficiently high to destroy the tube. By switching the application of supply voltage to a beam defining electrode between normal value and a beam suppressing value at a predetermined duty cycle, the tube may be focused by monitoring helix current which is prevented under worst defocused conditions from being great enough to cause tube damage.

公开(公告)号：US3529205A

公开(公告)日：1970-09-15

申请号：US3529205D

申请日：1968-10-21

Applicant: BELL TELEPHONE LABOR INC

Inventor： MILLER STEWART E

IPC: H01J25/38 ,  H01P5/18 ,  H01J25/34 ,  H01P3/20 ,  H01P5/08

CPC classification number: H01J25/38 ,  H01P5/18