公开(公告)号：US10225441B2

公开(公告)日：2019-03-05

申请号：US15624895

申请日：2017-06-16

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Stephen P. Shaffer ,  Stephen M. Palik ,  Hector A. Quevedo

IPC: H04N5/335 ,  H04N3/14 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/349 ,  H04N5/374 ,  H04N5/376 ,  H04N5/378

Abstract: According to one aspect, embodiments herein provide a TDI sensor comprising a plurality of light sensing elements arranged in a row, each configured to accumulate charge proportional to an intensity of light incident on it from a field of view, and means for improving the sampling resolution of the TDI sensor by electronically introducing phase shift between a first set of image data generated by the plurality of light sensing elements at a first phase and a second set of image data generated by the plurality of light sensing elements at a second phase, for reading out the first set of image data and the second set of image data from a light sensing element at an end of the row of light sensing elements, and for generating an image of the field of view based on the two sets of phase shifted image data.

公开(公告)号：US20050094013A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10969050

申请日：2004-10-21

Applicant: Hisashi Matsuyama

Inventor： Hisashi Matsuyama

IPC: H01L27/14 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N5/341 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/376

CPC classification number: H04N5/23296 ,  H04N5/3454 ,  H04N5/3725

Abstract: In an CCD image sensor, when an image of a partial area is used, a frame rate is enhanced. Horizontal transfer of signal charges of an i-th line read out to a horizontal transfer portion is stopped at the time point when all or a part of a tail portion 74 subsequent to an extraction target portion 72. Under this state, the signal charges of an (i+1)-th line are transferred to the horizontal transfer portion. Thereafter, the horizontal transfer is started. Through this operation, unnecessary signal charges of the tail portion 74 of the i-th line and unnecessary signal charges of a head portion 82 of an (i+1)-th line are combined. By partially overlapping adjacent lines with each other, the cycle number of horizontal transfer clocks required for the horizontal transfer per line can be reduced as compared with a normal operation, thereby enhancing a frame rate.

Abstract translation: 在CCD图像传感器中，当使用局部区域的图像时，帧率被提高。 在提取目标部分72之后的尾部74的全部或一部分的时刻，停止向水平传送部分读出的第i行的信号电荷的水平传送。 在该状态下，第（i + 1）行的信号电荷被传送到水平传送部分。 此后，开始水平传送。 通过这种操作，组合第i行的尾部74的不必要的信号电荷和第（i + 1）行的头部82的不必要的信号电荷。 通过将相邻的线彼此部分地重叠，与正常操作相比，可以减少每行的水平传送所需的水平传送时钟的周期数，从而提高帧速率。

公开(公告)号：US5978026A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US52864

申请日：1993-04-28

Applicant: Hiroshi Tanigawa ,  Hideki Mutoh ,  Tetsuo Toma ,  Kazuhiro Kawajiri

Inventor： Hiroshi Tanigawa ,  Hideki Mutoh ,  Tetsuo Toma ,  Kazuhiro Kawajiri

IPC: H01L27/148 ,  H01L27/146 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N5/341 ,  H04N5/355 ,  H04N5/359 ,  H04N5/369 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/3728

CPC classification number: H01L27/14603 ,  H01L27/1485

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device of the charge-coupled type is improved in that the width W1 (as viewed in the charge transfer direction) of each of the transfer gate electrodes for generating transfer elements in the field shift mode, the width W2 (as viewed in the charge transfer direction) of each of the transfer gate electrode for generating potential barriers also in the field shift mode are selected so as to satisfy the following formula, and a buried channel junction depth X.sub.JBC of each of the vertical charge transfer paths are selected so as to satisfy W1>W2 and/or W2>2.multidot.X.sub.JBC. In the inventive image pickup device, the charge quantity transferred is increased without impairing the vertical resolution of the device.

Abstract translation: 电荷耦合型的固态摄像装置的改进在于，在场移动模式中用于产生传送元件的每个传输栅电极的宽度W1（在电荷转移方向上观察），宽度W2 选择用于在场移动模式中产生电势势垒的传输栅电极中的每一个的电荷转移方向），以满足下式，并且每个垂直电荷传输路径的掩埋沟道结深度XJBC 被选择为满足W1> W2和/或W2> 2xXJBC。 在本发明的图像拾取装置中，传送的电荷量增加而不损害装置的垂直分辨率。

公开(公告)号：US5963251A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US794725

申请日：1997-02-03

Applicant: Raymond K. DeLong

Inventor： Raymond K. DeLong

IPC: H04N5/359 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N9/64

CPC classification number: H04N5/359 ,  H04N5/3725

Abstract: A method for reducing smear in video images generated by a frame transfer CCD imaging system having an array of charge coupled devices. The video images comprise successive image frames, each frame including an array of image pixels corresponding to the array of charge coupled devices. The pixel array has a plurality of rows and columns. Each frame is temporally separated from a next successive frame by an integration time interval during which light falling upon the array of charge coupled devices is integrated to produce integrated charge samples representative of image frame pixel values, and by a transfer interval during which the charge samples are transferred from an imaging area to a storage area.

Abstract translation: 一种用于减少由具有电荷耦合器件阵列的帧转移CCD成像系统产生的视频图像中的涂片的方法。 视频图像包括连续的图像帧，每个帧包括与电荷耦合器件阵列对应的图像像素的阵列。 像素阵列具有多个行和列。 每个帧在时间上与下一个连续帧分开一个积分时间间隔，在该积分时间间隔期间，落在电荷耦合器件阵列上的光被积分以产生表示图像帧像素值的集成电荷样本，并且通过电荷采样 从成像区域转移到存储区域。

公开(公告)号：US5781234A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US956085

申请日：1992-10-02

Applicant: Morgan William Amos David ,  John William Richards ,  Clive Henry Gillard

Inventor： Morgan William Amos David ,  John William Richards ,  Clive Henry Gillard

IPC: H01L27/148 ,  H04N5/3722 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/3728 ,  H04N5/335

CPC classification number: H01L27/1485 ,  H04N3/1531 ,  H04N3/1543

Abstract: A charge-coupled image sensor having adjacent image acquisition and image storage areas is described. Pixel transfer can take place from the image acquisition area to the image storage area and from the image storage area to an output register simultaneously and at different respective transfer rates. This allows the image transfer into the storage area to begin during the active field period, i.e. while pixels are still being transferred from the storage area into the output register. In a preferred embodiment this is achieved by partitioning the image storage area into a first and a second storage section which can selectively operate at the same or different transfer clocking rates.

Abstract translation: 描述了具有相邻图像采集和图像存储区域的电荷耦合图像传感器。 像素传输可以从图像获取区域到图像存储区域以及从图像存储区域到输出寄存器同时且以不同的相应传送速率进行。 这允许图像转移到存储区域中，以在活动期间开始，即，像素仍然从存储区域传送到输出寄存器。 在优选实施例中，这通过将图像存储区域划分成可以以相同或不同的传送时钟速率选择性地操作的第一和第二存储部分来实现。

公开(公告)号：US5459509A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-17

申请号：US12142

申请日：1993-01-29

Applicant: Makoto Monoi

Inventor： Makoto Monoi

IPC: H01L27/148 ,  H01L21/339 ,  H01L29/762 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N5/341 ,  H04N5/347 ,  H04N5/357 ,  H04N5/369 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/3728

CPC classification number: H04N5/3597 ,  H04N5/37213

Abstract: In the method of transferring charges generated by signal charge generating sections in response to light, a signal charge existing under some transfer electrode of the plural charge transfer sections arranged in parallel to each other is transferred through one of a plurality of connecting sections formed under the transfer electrode corresponding to another charge transfer section among the plural connecting sections formed between the plural charge transfer sections, on the basis of a predetermined drive pulse; and when the charge is transferred to the other charge transfer section, a charge remaining at the primary charge transfer section is transferred from the primary charge transfer section to the other charge transfer section, through the other connecting section among the plural connecting sections, to combine the remaining charge with the signal charge previously transferred.

Abstract translation: 在响应于光的转移由信号电荷产生部分产生的电荷的方法中，存在于彼此平行布置的多个电荷转移部分的一些转移电极下方的信号电荷通过形成在下面的多个连接部分之一 基于预定的驱动脉冲，形成在多个电荷转移部之间的多个连接部中的与另一个电荷转移部对应的转移电极; 并且当电荷转移到另一个电荷转移部分时，通过多个连接部分中的另一个连接部分将主电荷转移部分剩余的电荷从主电荷转移部分转移到另一个电荷转移部分，以组合 剩余电荷与先前传输的信号电荷。

公开(公告)号：US5422669A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-06

申请号：US989330

申请日：1992-12-11

Applicant: Hiroshi Mori

Inventor： Hiroshi Mori

IPC: H04N5/235 ,  H04N5/238 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N5/341 ,  H04N5/353 ,  H04N5/369 ,  H04N5/3722 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/3728 ,  H04N5/378 ,  H04N3/14

CPC classification number: H04N3/155 ,  H04N5/2352 ,  H04N5/238

Abstract: A solid state imaging apparatus which prevents occurrence of small aperture fading by diffraction of light and can control the amplitude level of an image signal within a prescribed range. The solid state imaging apparatus employs a solid state imaging element such as a CCD. When the level of an image signal outputted from the solid state imaging element exceeds a predetermined value, a driving motor is driven to effect adjustment of an iris. The capacitance of a variable capacitance diode provided in a voltage converting section of the solid state imaging element is controlled in accordance with the amplitude level of the image signal to control the voltage conversion efficiency of the voltage converting section of the solid state imaging element so as to fix the level of the image signal.

Abstract translation: 一种固态成像装置，其防止光的衍射引起的小孔径衰减，并且可以将图像信号的幅度水平控制在规定范围内。 固态成像装置采用诸如CCD的固态成像元件。 当从固态成像元件输出的图像信号的电平超过预定值时，驱动电机被驱动以实现虹膜的调节。 设置在固态成像元件的电压转换部分中的可变电容二极管的电容根据图像信号的幅度电平进行控制，以控制固态成像元件的电压转换部分的电压转换效率，以便 以固定图像信号的电平。

公开(公告)号：US5253071A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-12

申请号：US811089

申请日：1991-12-20

Applicant: Michael T. MacKay

Inventor： Michael T. MacKay

IPC: H04N5/232 ,  H04N5/361 ,  H04N5/3722 ,  H04N5/3725 ,  H04N5/3728 ,  H04N5/228 ,  H04N7/18

CPC classification number: H04N5/23287 ,  H04N3/1562 ,  H04N5/23248

Abstract: An electronic image stabilization method and apparatus has application for use in hand-held video camcorders. The electronic image stabilization apparatus, contained within the camcorder, comprises a definition television (HDTV) image sensor with photosensitive cells, a gimbaled lens configuration and signal processing circuitry. The lens configuration projects a subject image upon only a portion of the image sensor. As the hand-held camcorder is physically jittered, the lens configuration projects the subject image on a different portion of HDTV image sensor. A scanner circuit reads values from the cells, and a threshold circuit compares the values to a pre-determined threshold value. If the photosensitive cell value is greater, the the projected subject image in the larger HDTV image array is determined, only the photosensitive cells illuminated by the projected subject image extracted from the HDTV image sensor. As a result, jitter in the output image, caused by hand-held shakes, is reduce or eliminated.

Abstract translation: 电子图像稳定方法和装置具有用于手持式摄像机的应用。 包含在摄像机内的电子图像稳定装置包括具有感光单元的定影电视（HDTV）图像传感器，万向透镜配置和信号处理电路。 透镜配置仅在图像传感器的一部分上投射被摄体图像。 由于手持式摄像机被物理抖动，所以透镜配置将被摄体图像投射在HDTV图像传感器的不同部分上。 扫描器电路从单元读取值，并且阈值电路将该值与预定阈值进行比较。 如果感光单元值较大，则确定较大HDTV图像阵列中的投影对象图像，仅从由HDTV图像传感器提取的投影对象图像照亮的感光单元。 结果，减少或消除了由手持抖动引起的输出图像中的抖动。

公开(公告)号：US5164807A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-17

申请号：US782777

申请日：1991-10-22

Applicant: Albert J. P. Theuwissen

Inventor： Albert J. P. Theuwissen

IPC: H01L21/339 ,  H01L27/148 ,  H01L29/762 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N5/3725

CPC classification number: H04N3/1575 ,  H01L27/14831

Abstract: In CCD arrangements, such as bidimensional image sensors, it is usual to provide the output register in the form of two (or more) horizontal registers. Via transverse connections between the horizontal registers, charge packets are transported from one horizontal register to the other horizontal register. In order to avoid delays during this transverse transport due to narrow channel effects, the clock electrodes of the first horizontal register adjoining the transverse connections are widened at the expense of adjacent clock electrodes. These widened electrodes may be in the trapezoidal form, as a result of which additional drift fields are induced below these electrodes.

公开(公告)号：US5073808A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-17

申请号：US384096

申请日：1989-07-24

Applicant: Takao Kinoshita

Inventor： Takao Kinoshita

IPC: H01L27/148 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N5/341 ,  H04N5/359 ,  H04N5/3725

CPC classification number: H01L27/14831

Abstract: A solid-state semiconductor device which is used as an image sensor or the like has a transfer electrodes which are formed over a semiconductor substrate through an insulating layer and consist of material having a relatively low conductivity wiring means are arranged along the directions of the surfaces of the transfer electrodes and consist of material having a relatively high conductivity for short-circuiting parts of the transfer electrodes. In this device, the signal transfer charcteristics of the transfer electrodes are improved.

Abstract translation: 用作图像传感器等的固态半导体器件具有通过绝缘层形成在半导体衬底上并由具有相对低导电性的材料构成的传输电极布线装置的传输电极沿着表面的方向 的转移电极，并且由具有相对高的导电性的材料组成，用于转移电极的短路部分。 在这种器件中，改善了传输电极的信号传输特性。