Abstract:
According to the present invention, a monolithically integrated laser (102), also referred to herein as a U-laser (102), or integrated dual optical emission laser (102), having a first optical emission (104) and a second optical emission (106) where both the first and second optical emissions (104), (106) of the monolithically integrated laser (102) are in optical communication with a modulator (108) or other device is provided. The integrated dual emission laser (102) can be formed with a a light bending portion (134) in variety of configurations including a waveguide in the form of a U-shape, or total internal reflection (TIR) mirrors, curved waveguides, and free-space etched gap mirrors. The integrated dual optical emission laser (102) can also have two laser gain sections (130), (148), one on each arm of the laser (102) to control gain.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an analyser 10 for characterising a sample comprising : an integrated laser 211/11 for emitting electromagnetic radiation 201a-f in at least one beam along a single-mode (SM) and polarisation maintaining (PM) channel at a sample 16, the electromagnetic radiation comprising at least two different wavelengths, a sample detector 17 that detects affected electromagnetic radiation resulting from the emitted electromagnetic radiation affected by the sample and provides output representing the detected affected radiation, and a processor 18 for characterising the sample from the detector output representing the detected affected electromagnetic radiation.
Abstract:
Apparatuses and methods for modulating an optical signal are disclosed. One embodiment is a method comprising: phase modulating a slave laser which is injection locked to a master laser to produce an arcsine phase modulated optical signal, and combining the arcsine phase modulated optical signal with an output optical signal from the master laser.
Abstract:
A modulated diode-laser provides a first sequence of optical pulses. The first sequence of optical pulses is further modulated to provide a second sequence of optical pulses. Pulses in the second sequence have a shorter duration than pulses in the first sequence. The first sequence of pulses may be generated by a directly modulated diode laser (12) or by a cw diode laser (42) with subsequent external modulator (48). Modulators external to the diode laser may comprise either a modulated double pass semiconductor optical amplifier (22, 48) or an electro-optical modulator (32). Nanosecond pulses with high output contrast ratio and defined spectral width can be generated.
Abstract:
A high capacity optical transmitter implemented on a photonic integrated circuit chip comprises' a single light source (108) which supplies a continuous wave having a particular wavelength to a plurality of modulators (106,112,126,130) to form modulated optical information signals. A phase shifter (114,128) is coupled to at least one of ' the modulators and' is used to shift the phase of the corresponding modulated optical information signal associated with a particular modulator. A polarization beam combiner (138) receives each of the modulated optical information signals from the modulators and the modulated optical information signal from the phase shifter and combines each of these signals to form a polarization multiplexed differential quadrature phase-shift keying signal. The light source, the plurality of modulators, the phase shifter and the polarization beam combiner are all integrated on the chip.
Abstract:
A multiwavelength transmitter comprises several laser sources (1) each configured to generate light of a different wavelength and a first array waveguide grating (2) arranged to direct light from each of the laser sources (1) into a first waveguide. The transmitter further comprises several electroabsorption modulators (7) each arranged to modulate light at one of the wavelengths with a respective data signal and a second array waveguide grating (6) arranged to direct each of said different wavelengths of light from the first waveguide to a respective one of the modulators (7). The optical modulators (7) are reflective optical modulators and the second array waveguide grating (6) is arranged to direct the modulated light reflected from each of the optical modulators (7) back into the first waveguide. An optical circulator (5) is provided in the first waveguide to couple modulated light from the second array waveguide grating (6) into an output waveguide. The laser sources each comprise a respective reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (1) and share a common cavity reflector (3). The first array waveguide grating (2) is located in the optical path between the semiconductor optical amplifiers (1) and the common cavity reflector (3). The transmitter has the advantage that it can be manufactured by hybrid integration of a monolithic wavelength generation sub-module and a monolithic data modulation sub-module.
Abstract:
Provided are a laser irradiation device and a laser irradiation method, which are suitable for a liquid crystal display device. The laser irradiation device comprises a semiconductor laser element group (1A) having a plurality of semiconductor laser elements (1) arranged therein for emitting laser beams of a wavelength of 370 nm to 480 nm, optical fibers (2) for transmitting the laser beams emitted from the semiconductor laser elements (1), a straight bundle (3) for holding the optical fibers (2) straight, an optical adjustor (4) for shaping the laser beams outputted from the optical fibers held by the straight bundle (3), into a linear shape and for smoothing the top of the laser intensity distribution thereby to output the smoothed laser beams, and an objective lens (5) for condensing the laser beams outputted from the optical adjustor (4), as a linear laser spot on an object. The semiconductor laser element group (1A) has a total irradiation output value of 6 W to 100 W.
Abstract:
A coolerless photonic integrated circuit (PIC), such as a semiconductor electro-absorption modulator/laser (EML) or a coolerless optical transmitter photonic integrated circuit (TxPIC), may be operated over a wide temperature range at temperatures higher then room temperature without the need for ambient cooling or hermetic packaging. Since there is large scale integration of N optical transmission signal WDM channels on a TxPIC chip, a new DWDM system approach with novel sensing schemes and adaptive algorithms provides intelligent control of the PIC to optimize its performance and to allow optical transmitter and receiver modules in DWDM systems to operate uncooled. Moreover, the wavelength grid of the on-chip channel laser sources may thermally float within a WDM wavelength band where the individual emission wavelengths of the laser sources are not fired to wavelength peaks along a standardized wavelength grid but rather may move about with changes in ambient temperature. However, control is maintained such that the channel spectral spacing between channels across multiple signal channels, whether such spacing is periodic or aperiodic, between adjacent laser sources in the thermally floating wavelength grid are maintained in a firmed relationship. Means are then provided at an optical receiver to discover and lock onto floating wavelength grid of transmitted WDM signals and thereafter demultiplex the transmitted WDM signals for OE conversion.