Abstract:
Apparatus (2) for saving water, which apparatus (2) comprises: (i) separator means (4) for separating water that is flowing from a water inlet (6) and that has not been interrupted in flow, from water that is flowing from the water inlet (6) and that has been interrupted in flow; (ii) first outlet means (8) for receiving water that has not been interrupted in flow; and (iii) second outlet means (10) for receiving the water that has been interrupted in flow, and the apparatus (2) being such that in use it permits the water received by the first outlet means (8) to be saved from flowing to waste.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schuh (1), insbesondere einen Sportschuh, mit einer Sohle (2) und einem mit der Sohle (2) verbundenen Schuhoberteil (3). Um einen besonders leichten Schuh zur Verfügung zu stellen, sieht die Erfindung vor, dass das Sohle (2) aufweist: einen der Form der Sohle (2) entsprechenden Grundkörper (12), wobei der Grundkörper (12) eine Vielzahl von Verstärkungsfasern (13) aufweist, die in eine Kunststoff- oder Kunstharzmatrix (14) eingelagert sind, und eine Anzahl Außensohlenelemente (15), wobei die Außensohlenelemente (15) stoffschlüssig an dem Grundkörper (12) befestigt sind. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schuhs.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for controlling an optimal operating point in a synchronous machine and to an inverter-fed synchronous machine, wherein in a first method step according to the invention for the synchronous machine by means of a FEM method or by means of a measurement method a functional dependency of the voltage components Ud, Uq, UE upon the current components ld, lq, lE is determined, and from this according to formula (I) the respective dependency of the flux linkage components ?d, ?q, ?? upon the current components ld, lq, IE is determined, wherein R1 and R2 are the ohmic resistances of the corresponding windings of the synchronous machine. In a second method step according to the invention the synchronous machine is operated in regulated operation and an optimal operating point is controlled, (1) wherein a desired value of the exciting current is ascertained by solving the non-linear optimisation problem, formula (II), (2) wherein the ascertained desired value of the exciting current is used as desired value for an exciting current regulator, (3) wherein an actual value of the exciting current is ascertained by measurement or modelling, (4) wherein desired values of the stator current are ascertained using the ascertained actual value of the exciting current by solving the non-linear optimisation problem, formula (III), (5) wherein the desired values of the stator current are supplied to the stator current regulators.
Abstract:
Eine Symmetriereinrichtung für eine erste und eine zweite elektrische Energiezelle umfasst einen Gleichstromsteller mit einer Induktivität, wobei der Gleichstromsteller dazu eingerichtet ist, in einem ersten Schaltzustand Energie aus der ersten Energiezelle in die Induktivität aufzunehmen und in einem zweiten Schaltzustand die aufgenommene Energie aus der Induktivität an die zweite Energiezelle abzugeben. Die Symmetriereinrichtung umfasst ferner eine Messeinrichtung zum Bestimmen der Spannungen der Energiezellen und eine Ansteuereinrichtung zur Ansteuerung des Gleichstromstellers in die beiden Schaltzustände in Abhängigkeit der bestimmten Spannungen, wobei die Messeinrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, die Spannungen der Energiezellen auf der Basis eines magnetischen Feldes der Induktivität zu bestimmen. Ein Energiespeicher umfasst eine Vielzahl in Serie miteinander verbundener Energiezellen mit der genannten Symmetrieeinrichtung. Darüber hinaus wird ein Symmetrierverfahren zum Symmetrieren elektrischer Energiezellen offenbart, das als Computerprogrammprodukt ausgeführt sein kann.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Rotorlage einer feldorientiert betriebenen Synchronmaschine, die eine von der Rotorlage abhängige wirksame Induktivität aufweist, wobei der Motorstrom erfasst wird und die Motorspannung unter Verwendung eines Pulsweitenmodulationsverfahrens gestellt wird, wobei ein zur Pulsweitenmodulationsfrequenz synchrones Signal dem zu stellenden Motorspannungswert überlagert wird, wobei synchron zur Pulsweitenmodulationsfrequenz Werte des Motorstroms erfasst werden, wobei ein durch das überlagerte Spannungssignal bewirkter Stromanteil und ein restlicher Stromanteil, also Grundwellenanteil, bestimmt werden wobei aus dem durch das überlagerte Spannungssignal bewirkten Stromanteil eine geschätzte Rotorwinkellage bestimmt wird, deren Fehlwinkel zur tatsächlichen Rotorwinkellage mittels eines Flussmodells vermindert wird, wobei der restliche Stromanteil einem Stromregler zugeführt wird.
Abstract:
An electric motor, in particular a pole-changing motor, a method for operating an electric motor, and an electric motor, wherein the stator winding is composed of phases, in particular of three phases (U, V, W), wherein each phase has groups of coils, in particular four groups of coils, wherein each group of coils is composed of coils, in particular three concentrically arranged coils, wherein the connections of each group of coils are routed to an interconnection unit, wherein the interconnection produced by the interconnection unit has a number of groups of coils, which are arranged in parallel, of a respective phase, wherein different interconnections can be produced by means of the interconnection unit, with the result that the number can be changed, in particular during operation of the electric motor.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a microcomputer for executing an application. The microcomputer comprises a heterogeneous coarse grained reconfigurable array (22) comprising a plurality of functional units (26, 27), optionally register files (29, 35), and memories (34, 36), and at least one processing unit (40, 41) supporting multiple threads of control. The at least one processing unit (40, 41) is adapted for allowing each thread of control to reconfigure at run-time the claiming of one or more particular types of the functional units to work for that thread depending on requirements of the application, e.g. workload, and/or the environment, e.g. current usage of FU's. This way, the present invention provides multithreading with dynamic allocation of CGA resources. Based on the demand of the application and the current utilization of the CGRA, different resource combinations can be claimed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for setting an optimal operating point for a synchronous machine, to a method for controlling a synchronous machine, and to a synchronous machine, wherein a functional dependency of the voltage components Ud, Uq, UE on the current components ld, lq, lE is determined for the synchronous machine by means of an FEM method or by means of a measuring method in a first method step according to the invention, and the dependency of the flex component ?d, ?q, ?? on the current components ld, lq, lE is determined therefrom according to formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are the ohmic resistances of the corresponding windings of the synchronous machine, and the synchronous machine is operated in controlled operation in a second method step according to the invention, wherein an operating point is determined according to formulas (II), (III), and (IV) and is then set.
Abstract:
Apparatus (2) for saving water, which apparatus (2) comprises: (i) separator means (4) for separating water that is flowing from a water inlet (6) and that has not been interrupted in flow, from water that is flowing from the water inlet (6) and that has been interrupted in flow; (ii) first outlet means (8) for receiving water that has not been interrupted in flow; and (iii) second outlet means (10) for receiving the water that has been interrupted in flow, and the apparatus (2) being such that in use it permits the water received by the first outlet means (8) to be saved from flowing to waste.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a balancing unit for a first and a second electric energy cell, comprising a dc-dc converter with an inductance, the dc-dc converter being designed to receive energy in a first switched state from the first energy cell to the inductance and to emit the received energy in a second switched state from the inductance to the second energy cell. The balancing unit also comprises a measuring unit for determining the voltages of the energy cells and an actuating unit for actuating the dc-dc converter in the two switched states in conjunction with the voltages that have been determined, the measuring device being designed to determine the voltages of the energy cells on the basis of a magnetic field of the inductance. An energy store comprises a plurality of energy cells that are interconnected in series and the aforementioned balancing unit. The invention also discloses a balancing method for balancing electric cells, which includes a computer program product.