摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a pillared silicate compound comprising a layered silicate structure and bridging silicon atoms located between adjacent silicate layers of the silicate structure, wherein said bridging silicon atoms form at least one covalent bond to each of the adjacent silicate layers, said process comprising (1) providing one or more layered silicates; (2) adding said one or more layered silicates to a solvent system, wherein the resulting mixture has a pH of 5 or less; and (3) subjecting the mixture obtained in step (2) to solvothermal conditions; wherein no silicon-containing compound according to formula (I) R4-mSi[-(SiR2)n-R]m (I) is used at any point of the process up to and including step (3), wherein m is 1, 2, 3, or 4, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 0, wherein when n is equal to 0, one or more residues R are leaving groups, and wherein none of the residues R contains Si, as well as to a pillared silicate compound per se, preferably as obtained and/or obtainable according to the inventive process as well as to the use of the inventive compounds. A further process is disclosed wherein a sulfur oxoacid is present in step (2), and wherein a silicon-containing compound may or may not be used.
摘要:
A method of dehydration of at least one compound (A) comprising, in the chain form, -at least one hydroxyl group and -at least one carbonyl functionality selected from the group consisting of aldehyde (CHO), ke- tone (CO) and carboxylic acid (COOH) and mixtures thereof,in the presence of at least one zeolite which is (a) obtainable from an organotemplate-free synthetic process and (b) isomorphously substituted comprising silicon, aluminum and at least one further metal wherein the at least one further metal is selected from the group consisting of the elements of Group 3 to 14 in Period 4 to 6and mixtures thereof.
摘要:
A process for the production of a pillared silicate comprises: (i) providing a layered silicate; (ii) interlayer expanding the layered silicate provided in step (i) comprising a step of treating the layered silicate with one or more swelling agents; (iii) treating the interlayer expanded silicate with one or more hydrolysable silicon containing compounds; (iv) treating the interlayer expanded compound with an aqueous solution to obtain a pillared silicate; (v) removing at least a portion of the one or more swelling agents from the pillared silicate; (vi) impregnating the pillared silicate with one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ru, Ir, and combinations of two or more thereof, as well as to a pillared silicate optionally obtainable from said process and its use, in particular in a process for the production of one or more olefins.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a silicate compound, comprising (1) providing at least one layered silicate; and (2) mixing said layered silicate with water and at least one silicon containing compound according to formula R4-mSi[-(SiR2)n-R]m wherein at least one residue R is a leaving group and none of the residues R contains Si; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and n is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an isomorphously substituted RUB-36 silicate comprising (1) providing a mixture containing silica, preferably amorphous silica, and/or at least one silica precursor, water, at least one suitable structure directing agent, (2) heating the mixture obtained according to (1) under hydrothermal conditions to give a suspension containing an RUB-36 silicate, (3) separating the RUB-36 silicate, wherein (a) either the mixture according to (1) contains at least one element suitable for isomorphous substitution and/or (b) the separated RUB-36 silicate according to (3) is subjected to isomorphous substitution.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods for detecting a target nucleic acid in a sample. The methods include contacting said sample, in the presence of a polymerase and an endonuclease, with a sequence conversion oligonucleotide. Also disclosed are methods for detecting a target nucleic acid in a sample in which said sample is contacted, in the presence of a polymerase and an endonuclease, with a sequence conversion oligonucleotide and a signal amplifier oligonucleotide. The disclosure also provides compositions and kits comprising such sequence conversion and signal amplifier oligonucleotides.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process comprising the step of converting methane to ethene under non-oxidative conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a zeolite with a largest pore opening which is larger than 8; (b) a metal whereas the metal (b) is loaded onto the zeolite (a); and whereas the zeolite (a) is selected from zeolites -with a maximum diameter of a sphere that can be included of 4.5 A or smaller and/or -with a maximum diameter of a sphere which can diffuse along a of 4.4 A or smaller and/or -with a maximum diameter of a sphere which can diffuse along b of 4.4 A or smaller and/or -with a maximum diameter of a sphere which can diffuse along c of 4.4 A or smaller. Zeolite (a) is preferably a RRO catalyst, in particular RUB-41.
摘要:
The present invention addresses a problem of providing a measuring device which can accurately determine the amount of hydrogen that has penetrated into a metal with the progress of corrosion, while taking account of any change of anode-side residual current accompanying a change in the temperature of the environment. One surface of a specimen constituted of a metallic material is used as a hydrogen penetration surface, which is exposed to a corrosive environment and into which the hydrogen that is evolved by a corrosion reaction penetrates, and the other surface is used as a hydrogen detection surface. An electrochemical cell set configured of a plurality of cells is disposed on the hydrogen detection surface. An aqueous electrolyte solution having a pH of 9-13 is packed into each of the cells, and a reference electrode and a counter electrode that are independent of each other are disposed therein. At least one of the cells is used as a standard cell for correcting residual current, and a protective film for avoiding contact with the corrosive environment is disposed in the area of the hydrogen penetration surface which corresponds to the hydrogen detection area for the standard cell. The anode current value detected with each cell other than the standard cell is corrected with the value of residual current detected with the standard cell. On the basis of the corrected anode current value, the amount of hydrogen that has penetrated from the corrosion-surface side is calculated.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods for detecting a target nucleic acid in sample, which include contacting the sample with an oligonucleotide having a hairpin structure, where the oligonucleotide includes, in the 5' to 3' direction, an arbitrary sequence, an endonuclease recognition site for a nicking reaction, a sequence complementary to the arbitrary sequence, and a sequence complementary to the target nucleic acid; a polymerase; and an endonuclease capable of nicking the endonuclease recognition site. The disclosure also provides compositions and kits comprising an oligonucleotide having a hairpin structure, where the oligonucleotide includes, in the 5' to 3' direction an arbitrary sequence, an endonuclease recognition site for a nicking reaction, a sequence complementary to the arbitrary sequence, and a sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid.
摘要:
Providing a catalyst and a process for the preparation of butadiene, and the catalyst comprising Hf and two or more further catalytically active metals M1 and M2, wherein the two or more further catalytically active metals M1 and M2 are selected from the group consisting of Zr, Zn, Cu and combinations of two or more thereof, and wherein M1 is different from M2.