Abstract:
Disclosed are methods of determining long-term deposition pattern of a compound in tissue. The following steps can be followed: placing tissue against a receptor; directing mid- infrared electromagnetic radiation onto the tissue; quantifying the electromagnetic radiation that is reflected from the tissue to obtain a reflected amount; using a calibration equation to calculate the concentration of a compound from the reflected amount; and using the concentration of the compound to evaluate presence of a clinical condition in the tissue.
Abstract:
The invention comprises a gastric device having a pouch formed from a degradable film. Preferably, the pouch contains a gas producing material. The gastric device hydrates within a patient's stomach and the gas producing material expands the device to a greater volume. Accordingly, the volume of the hydrated, expanded gastric devices occupy space in the stomach cavity and reduce the amount of food the patient will ingest before reaching the feeling of fullness. Preferably, the gastric device is made from food grade materials. The gastric device is configured to expand to a desired volume and then degrade after a residence time, allowing the device to be passed by the patient's normal digestive process.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a system that samples a body fluid of a patient. The system includes a fluid handling system (10) having one or more fluid passageways. The system further includes a pump system for infusing an infusion fluid by way of a fluid handling system into a patient (P) through one or more fluid passageways . The system further includes a pump system for obtaining a sample of body fluid by way of a fluid handling system from a patient through one or more fluid passageways. The obtained sample is no more than 5 milliliters in volume. The system further includes an analyzer (140) for analyzing at least an analyzed portion of the obtained sample by way of an analyte detection system operatively associated with the fluid handling system to determine a concentration of at least one analyte.
Abstract:
An apparatus is presented for estimating the concentration of an analyte using a combined enzyme-spectroscopic method. Examples are provided for the detection of glucose and lactate. A sample of biological fluid is mixed or contacted with an enzyme specific to the analyte of interest, and the reacting fluid is probed with an optical system at wavelengths that includes at least one wavelength that is sensitive to the analyte concentration and at least one wavelength that is not sensitive to the analyte concentration. The optical system measures properties, such as optical density, and relates the measurements to concentration through a calibration of the system. A method is also provided for analyzing the data obtained from optical measurements of reactions of enzymes with biological fluids. These technologies may be applied to continuous or periodic patient sampling systems or to test strip type devices.
Abstract:
Method and apparatus are described that permit an analyte concentration to be estimated from a measurement in the presence of compounds that interfere with the measurement The method reduces the error in the analyte concentration in the presence of interferents The method includes the use of a set of measurements obtained for a large population having a range of known analyte and interfering compound concentrations From a sample measurement, which may or may not be one of the population, interferents likely to be present are identified, and a calibration coefficient is calculated The calibration coefficient may be applied to the measurement to estimate the analyte concentration In some implementations, the calibration coefficient may be determined as a weighted average of single interferent calibration coefficients In some embodiments, the sample measurement includes a spectroscopic measurement.
Abstract:
An analyte detection system (10) is configured to measure concentrations of at least first and second analytes in a single material sample supported by a sample element (120, 302, 402, 602). The measurement of a second analyte can be conditioned on a quantitative or qualitative result of the first measurement. In one embodiment, the first analyte is glucose and the second analyte is a ketone. According to such an embodiment the ketone is measured if the result of the glucose measurement exceeds a previously-specified value or falls outside of a previously-specified range.
Abstract:
A method determines an analyte concentration in a sample including the analyte and a substance. The method includes providing an absorption spectrum of the sample. The absorption spectrum has an absorption baseline. The method further includes shifting the absorption spectrum so that the absorption baseline approximately equals a selected absorption value in a selected absorption wavelength range. The method further includes subtracting a substance contribution from the absorption spectrum. Thus, the method provides a corrected absorption spectrum substantially free of a contribution from the substance.
Abstract:
The invention comprises a gastric device having an outer region and a gas producing material. The gastric device hydrates within a patient's stomach and the gas producing material expands the device to a greater volume. Accordingly, the volume of the hydrated, expanded gastric devices occupy space in the stomach cavity and reduce the amount of food the patient will ingest before reaching the feeling of fullness. Preferably, the gastric device is made from food grade materials. The gastric device is configured to expand to a desired volume and then degrade after a residence time, allowing the device to be passed by the patient's normal digestive process.
Abstract:
An apparatus (10) for analyzing the composition of bodily fluid. The apparatus comprises a fluid handling network including a patient end (11) configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient and at least one pump (203) intermittently operable to draw a sample of bodily fluid from the patient. The apparatus further comprises a fluid analyzer (140) positioned to analyze at least a portion of the sample and measure the presence of two or more analytes . Also disclosed is a method for analyzing the composition of a bodily fluid in a patient. The method comprises drawing a sample of the bodily fluid of the patient through a fluid handling network configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient. The method further comprises analyzing the at least a portion of the sample in a fluid analyzer to estimate the concentration of two or more analytes in the sample. Disclosed are further means for separating plasma and serum and a spectroscopic analyzer.