Abstract:
The invention relates to an assembly of a porous metallic gas diffusion substrate and a polymeric separator membrane for use in an alkaline electrolyser or alkaline fuel cell. The polymeric separator membrane of the assembly comprises inorganic hydrophilic particulates dispersed in an organic polymeric binder. The polymeric separator membrane is gas tight when filled with electrolyte. The polymeric separator membrane is penetrating into at least a top portion of the porous metallic gas diffusion substrate. Also disclosed is a method to produce such an assembly via coating a paste on a porous metallic gas diffusion substrate.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a substrate covered at least partially with a layered coating. The layered coating comprises an intermediate coating and a hard carbon coating. The intermediate coating comprises a first metal layer deposited on the substrate, the first metal layer comprising at least one element of group IVB, group VB or group VIB; a nitride layer deposited on the first metal layer, the nitride layer comprising at least one nitride of an element of group IVB, group VB or group VIB; a second metal layer deposited on the nitride layer, the second metal layer comprising at least one element of group IVB, group VB or group VIB; a transition layer deposited on the second metal layer, the transition layer comprising at least one carbide of an element of group IVB, group VB or group VIB.
Abstract:
A cable bolt for providing support and balance to a rock mass, comprising: a multi-strand cable having a plurality of steel wires being twisted together, said multi-strand cable having a first end portion for anchoring in a borehole of rock mass and a second end portion for being positioned adjacent to the opening of the borehole, a fixture secured to the second end portion of said multi-strand cable, wherein at least one of the plurality of steel wires is made from steel having as steel composition: a carbon content ranging from 0.20 weight percent to 0.95 weight percent, a silicon content ranging from 0.5 weight percent to 2.0 weight percent, a manganese content ranging from 0.40 weight percent to 1.0 weight percent, a chromium content ranging from 0.0 weight per cent to 1.0 weight percent, a sulphur and phosphor content being limited to 0.025 weight percent, the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities, and said steel has as metallurgical structure: a volume percentage of retained austenite ranging from 4 percent to 25 percent, the remainder being tempered primary martensite and untempered secondary martensite.
Abstract:
The invention provides a structure having a porous metal body firmly attached to a solid metal carrier as in figure 1. This composite structure is built up from a porous body (10) which is at least partially made of aluminium or an aluminium alloy and a solid metal carrier (20) made of aluminium or an aluminium alloy. There is also a formed in situ layer (30) obtainable by thermal spraying. This layer is bonded directly to at least a portion of said solid metal carrier material (20) and the porous body (10) is sintered to said layer (30) which is bonded to the solid metal carrier. Further, the present invention provides a method for firmly attaching a porous metal body to a solid metal carrier and the use of those structures in heat exchangers, electronic assemblies and heat sinks. More specifically, the invention provides a firmly bonded aluminium construction containing porous aluminium material and a solid aluminium carrier.
Abstract:
A coating apparatus is revealed that is designed to coat substrates by means of a physical vacuum deposition process or a chemical vacuum deposition process or a combination thereof. Said coating apparatus is particular in that it uses a rotatable magnetron (14) that is coverable with an axially moveable shutter (18). Such an arrangement enables to keep the magnetron target clean or to clean the target in between or even during subsequent coating steps. The shutter further provides for a controllable gas atmosphere in the vicinity of the target. The arrangement wherein the magnetron is centrally placed is described. Substrates are then exposed to the sputtering source from all angles by hanging them on a planetary carousel (24) that turns around the magnetron.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a thermochromic device comprising -a light transmitting substrate; -at least one infrared absorbingmaterial comprising nanoparticles; -at least one thermochromic material. By absorbinginfrared energy, the presence of the infrared absorbing material increases the temperature of the substrate so that the transition temperature of the thermochromic material is reached faster.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method to increase the wettability of a substrate by providing said substrate at least partially with a conductive, metal free, hydrophilic carbon based coating. The carbon based coating is doped with nitrogen and has an electrical resistivity lower than 10 8 ohm-cm. The invention further relates to a substrate coated at least partially with a conductive metal free, hydrophilic carbon based coating.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a metal substrate (11 ) coated at least partially with a layered structure. The layered structure comprises an intermediate layer (14) deposited on said substrate (11 ) and a tetrahedral carbon layer (16) deposited on said intermediate layer. The intermediate layer comprises at least one amorphous carbon layer having a Young's modulus lower than 200 GPa and the tetrahedral carbon layer has a Young's modulus higher than 200 GPa. The invention further relates to a method to improve the adhesion of a tetrahedral carbon layer to a substrate and to a method to bridge the gap in Young's modulus of the metal substrate and the Young's modulus of a tetrahedral carbon coating deposited on said metal substrate.
Abstract:
A coating apparatus (100) for batch coating of substrates is presented. In the batch coater layers of a stack can be deposited by means of physical vapour deposition, by means of chemical vapour deposition or by a mixture of both processes. When compared to previous apparatus, the mixed mode process is particularly stable. This is achieved by using a rotatable magnetron (112) rather than the prior-art planar magnetrons. The apparatus is further equipped with a rotatable shutter that allows for concurrent or alternating process steps.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a metal substrate coated at least partially with a layered structure. The layered structure comprises an intermediate layer deposited on the metal substrate and an amorphous carbon layer deposited on the intermediate layer. The amorphous carbon layer has a Young's modulus lower than 200 GPa. The intermediate layer comprises a tetrahedral carbon layer having a Young's modulus higher than 200 GPa. The invention further relates to a method to reduce the wear on a counterbody of a metal substrate coated with a tetrahedral carbon coating.