摘要:
The extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus described herein include components configured to detect liquid leaking from one or more liquid circuits in the extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus and methods of detecting liquid leaks in extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus. The components used to detect leaks include one or more remote pressure ports connected to one or more local pressure ports on one or more pressure sensors by one or more fluid-filled pressure lines. The fluid in the pressure lines transmits pressure exerted on a remote pressure port by any collected liquid to the local pressure port of the pressure sensor.
摘要:
A system and method for balancing flows of renal replacement fluid is disclosed. The method uses pressure controls and pressure sensing devices to more precisely meter and balance the flow of fresh dialysate and spent dialysate. The balancing system may use one or two balancing devices, such as a balance tube, a tortuous path, or a balance chamber.
摘要:
In a blood dialysis system including a source of substitution fluid (10) and a blood dialysis machine, a hemodiafiltration system having a first dialyzer (1) including a first blood compartment (4) having a first blood inlet which receives blood to be cleaned and a first blood outlet which discharges partially diafiltered blood and a first dialysate compartment (5) having a first dialysate inlet and a first dialysate outlet, means (8) for mixing the partially diafiltered blood with substitution fluid from the source to obtain a blood/substitution fluid mixture, and a second hemofilter (2) including a second blood compartment (11) having a second blood inlet which receives the blood/substitution fluid mixture and a second blood outlet which discharges filtered blood and a second permeate compartment (12) having a second permeate outlet.
摘要:
In a blood dialysis system including a source of substitution fluid (10) and a blood dialysis machine, a hemodiafiltration system having a first dialyzer (1) including a first blood compartment (4) having a first blood inlet which receives blood to be cleaned and a first blood outlet which expels partially blood and a first dialysate compartment (5) having a first dialysate inlet and a first dialysate outlet, means (8) for mixing the partially diafiltered blood with substitution fluid (10) from the source to obtain a blood/substitution fluid mixture (9), and a second dialyzer (2) including a second blood compartment (11) having a second blood inlet which receives the blood/substitution fluid mixture (9) and a second blood outlet which expels diafiltered blood and a second dialysate compartment (12) having a second dialysate inlet and a second dialysate outlet.
摘要:
A dual-stage filtration system and methods for using the same include first and second filtration cartridges (122, 138) particularly suited for hemodiafiltration and/or hemodialysis. As fluid enters the first filtration cartridge (122), the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) is reduced by exposing it to an acidic solution such as citric acid across a filter membrane (124). This stage allows for improved removal of certain toxins in the fluid, such as protein-bound substances that disassociate more readily from proteins at a lower pH. As the filtered fluid enters the second filtration cartridge (138), the pH of the fluid is restored to normal levels prior to infusion to a patient.
摘要:
A method of hemodiafiltration including the steps of supplying a blood inflow, diafiltering the blood inflow using a first non-isosmotic dialysate fluid to provide a partially diafiltered blood outflow, mixing the partially diafiltered blood outflow with a substitution fluid to provide a blood/substitution fluid mixture, and diafiltering the blood/substitution fluid mixture using a second non-isosmotic dialysate fluid.
摘要:
Systems and methods utilize semipermeable nanotubes in conjunction with application of controlled electrical potentials across semipermeable nanotube walls allow selective transport of charged impurities (e.g., charged impurities, ions, etc.) from a fluid into these nanotubes. Impurities collected in these nanotubes can then be removed from the fluid, (e.g., blood) as a waste stream. A collection of semipermeable nanotubes each carrying a waste stream can be aggregated and merged into a ureter for excretion thereby providing an artificial kidney system. Sensors that detect/measure various impurities may be included in the system to feed information to a microprocessor to inform on concentrations of impurities, and thereby control electrical potentials applied to the system.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for the filtration of a complex fluid composition such as blood, characterised in that the device includes a base (12) with a bottom (18), a head (14) with a bottom (30), and a membrane (16) provided between said base and said head in order to define a lower chamber (C1) and an upper chamber (C2), an inlet tapping (26) for the complex composition to be filtered opening into said lower chamber (C1), an outlet tapping (28) for the retentate with flow adjustment means and opening into said lower chamber (C1), and an outlet tapping (36, 36-1) from the upper chamber (C2), wherein said outlet tapping (36, 36-1) for the permeate is subjected to a negative pressure.
摘要:
A dialyzer composed of: first and second dialyzation chambers, and an intermediate chamber interposed between the first and second dialyzation chambers. Each dialyzation chamber has opposed first and second ends and contains a filter member that separates the chamber into a blood compartment and a dialysate compartment. Each of the compartments extends between first and second ends. Each of the chambers has a respective one of a blood inlet or outlet and a dialysate inlet or outlet arranged so that blood and dialysate flow in counter-current to one another in both chambers. The intermediate chamber is connected to form a dialysate-free blood flow passage between the blood compartments.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abreicherung wenigstens einer Komponente eines fluiden Mediums, wobei die Konzentration der wenigstens einen abzureichernden Komponente vor deren Abreicherung erhöht wird. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Abreicherung wenigstens einer Komponente eines fluiden Mediums mit einer Konzentrationserhöhungseinheit zur Erhöhung der Konzentration der abzureichernden Komponente des fluiden Mediums und einer dieser nachgeschallteten und mit dieser in Fluidverbindung stehenden Abreicherungseinheit zur anschließenden Verringerung der Konzentration der abzureichernden Komponente.