摘要:
Non-contact strain measurement systems and their method of use to detect strain on rotating components are disclosed. A non-contact strain measurement system comprises magnetic materials plated onto a rotatable component in addition to appropriate encoders and controller. The magnetic materials are spaced apart a first distance D 1 when the component is not rotating, and a second distance D 2 when the component is rotating. The encoders and controller are utilized to detect strain on the rotating component. A method of using the system to detect strain on a rotating component includes detecting the first distance D 1 then detecting the second distance D 2 , and calculating the strain imparted onto the component from a difference between D 1 and D 2 .
摘要:
A plated polymer test specimen for measuring strain imparted to the plated polymer test specimen includes a polymeric substrate including a top, a bottom, a pair of opposing edges and a pair of opposing end edges, the top and bottom being plated with top and bottom metal layers respectively, the side edges and the end edges being at least substantially free of plating. The substrate includes two spaced-apart holes that extend through the top metal layer, substrate and the bottom metal layer. Alternatively, the substrate may comprise a composite layup structure. A method for testing the strain imparted to a plated polymer test specimen is also disclosed.
摘要:
An electroless plating method for use in metal plating on a porous substrate is disclosed. It uses selective contact of the plating metal salt solution with a reducing solution on the activated surface on or inside the porous substrate. This electroless plating method in the setup is useful for unmanned, automatic operation resulting in almost 100 % membrane (pure / composite) with substantially no pinholes or cracks.
摘要:
Electroless plating of very thin metal films, such as copper, is accomplished with a spray processor. Atomized droplets or a continuous stream of an electroless plating solution are sprayed on a substrate. The electroless plating solution may be prepared by mixing a reducing solution and a metal stock solution immediately prior to the spraying. The deposition process may be carried out in an apparatus which includes metal stock solution and reducing reservoirs, a mixing chamber for forming the plating solution, optionally an inert gas or air (oxygen) source, a process chamber in which the solution is sprayed on the substrate and a control system for providing solutions to the mixing chamber and the process chamber in accordance with a predetermined program for automated mixing and spraying of the plating solution. The process can be used to form metal films as thin as 100 ANGSTROM and these films have low resistivity values approaching bulk values, low surface roughness, excellent electrical and thickness uniformity and mirror-like surface. Low temperature annealing may be used to further improve electrical characteristics of the deposited films. The thin metal films produced by the disclosed process can be used in semiconductor wafer fabrication and assembly, and in preparation of thin film discs, thin film heads, optical storage devices, sensor devices, microelectromachined sensors (MEMS) and actuators, and optical filters.
摘要:
A plating method for applying a secondary plating (electroless plating) onto a primary plated film (or a metal film) formed on a substrate for reliably executing the plating reaction at a higher deposition rate without requiring Pd-substitution treatment. The surface potential of the primary plated film is adjusted to be baser than the basest surface potential at which the surface current density of the primary plated film becomes 0 in the electroless plating solution for the secondary plating and, then, the secondary plating is effected. The invention further covers a pH-adjusting agent that is suited for carrying out the electroless plating method, a pretreatment solution for electroless plating that contains a reducing agent and a complexing agent, and an electroless plating bath.
摘要:
A conductive metal pattern can be formed using a titania sol-gel obtained from a titania precursor composition having (a) a titanium alkoxide or titanium aryloxide, (b) a R(O) m COCH 2 CO(O) n R' compound wherein R and R' are independently alkyl and m and n are independently 0 or 1, (c) water, (d) either an acid having a pK a less than 1 or a source of a halogen, and (e) a water-miscible organic solvent, on a substrate, wherein the molar amounts of (a) through (d) are sufficient to form a pattern of a titania sol-gel upon drying on the substrate. This pattern is contacted with electroless seed metal ions to form a pattern of electroless seed metal ions deposited within the pattern of titania sol-gel on the substrate, which electroless seed metal ions are exposed to electromagnetic radiation to reduce the electroless seed metal. The article is then subjected to electroless metal plating.
摘要:
Methods for fabricating lightweight or hollow metal parts are disclosed. First, a polymer is formed into an article of a desired shape or geometry. The outer surface of the article is prepared to receive a catalyst and then the outer surface is activated with the catalyst. A first metallic layer is then plated onto the outer surface to form a structure. Optional additional metallic layers may be applied. The polymer may be removed from the structure before it is subjected to a final heat treatment for alloying purposes.