Abstract:
System, methods, and apparatus are described that facilitate signaling between devices over a single bi-directional line. In an example, the apparatus couples a first device to a second device via a single bi-directional line, indicates initiation of a first action, initiated at the first device, by sending a first single transition on the single bi-directional line from the first device to the second device, and indicates initiation of a second action, initiated at the second device, by sending a second single transition on the single bi-directional line from the second device to the first device. In another example, a first device initiates a first action, indicates initiation of the first action by generating a first event on a single bi-directional line, and receives an indication of a second action initiated at a second device by observing a second event on the single bi-directional line.
Abstract:
This disclosure describes, in one embodiment, a network node element that includes a multi-lane port that includes a plurality of lanes for communication with at least one link partner; PHY circuitry including transmit circuitry and receive circuitry for each lane of the multi-lane port; and an auto-negotiations circuitry to transmit, during an auto-negotiation period of transmission between the network controller and the at least one link partner, a first base page on a first lane of the multi-lane port to the link partner, the first base page including a field for specifying a transmit NONCE sequence number and a field for identifying at least one PHY capability and at least one link width associated with the PHY circuitry; the auto-negotiations circuitry also to receive, during the auto-negotiation period, a second base page on at least one lane from the at least one link partner, the second base page including a field for specifying a field for specifying an echoed NONCE sequence number and a field for identifying at least one PHY capability and at least one link width associated with the link partner; and wherein the auto-negotiations circuitry to determine if the link partner includes a multi-lane port or at least one single-lane port based on, at least in part, the at least one PHY capability identified in the second base page and to resolve a multi-lane connection or a single-lane connection with the link partner based on, at least in part, the at least one PHY capability identified in the second base page.
Abstract:
Systems, methods and apparatus extract data and clocks from a multi-wire bus that includes a first lane operated in accordance with a camera control interface (CCIe) mode of operation or a first lane operated in accordance with an N! mode of operation. Timing information derived from a sequence of symbols received from the first lane may be used to deserialize data received on a second lane of the multi-wire bus or decode a sequence of symbols received on the second lane. The symbols in a pair of consecutive symbols transmitted on the first lane cause different signaling states. Data on the second lane may be deserialized using on the receive clock derived from the timing information. In a CCIe lane, the final symbol of the sequence of symbols may be suppressed or a setup condition curtailed when the final symbol produces a signaling state equivalent to the setup condition.
Abstract:
A serializer and de-serializer circuit having self tracking circuitry which is particularly well-suited for use in communicating digital data from one integrated circuit (chip) to another for implementing chip-to-chip communications is presented. The circuits are scalable and utilize a multi-frequency modulation mechanism (e.g., QAM) for converting digital data bits into a serial analog stream at multiple frequencies for communication over a chip I/O connection. The track pulse generated on the transmitter side is serialized through the same path as the data, and demodulated through the same path in the de-serializer to provide synchronization with the data, without the need for complicated base band processing.
Abstract:
A multirate transmission system for transmitting parallel input data from a first location to a second location includes a transmitter portion and a receiver portion. The transmitter portion receives the parallel data, including the information related to a parallel data clock and stores the data in a buffer where it is subsequently read and serialized for transmission on a serial data link to the receiver portion where it is deserialized, including recovery of the parallel data clock in the serialized data stream. The receiver portion stores the parallel data in a buffer where it is read at a data rate corresponding to the parallel data clock of the incoming parallel data. The parallel data at the transmitter portion is associated with generated control characters when parallel data is not read from the buffer associated with the transmitter portion.
Abstract:
Embodiments relate to half-duplex bidirectional transmission of data compliant with a first standard (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard) over a physical channel of a multimedia link for transmitting audio/video ("A/V") data compliant with a second standard (e.g., Mobile High-Definition Link (MHL) standard) between a source device and a sink device using time division multiplexing (TDM). The source device sends units of data including A/V data and forward data compliant with the first standard at first times whereas the sink device sends units of data including backward data compliant with the first standard at second times between transmissions from the source device. The first times do not overlap with the second times. Synchronization signals may be added to the first and second units of data to align character symbols embedded in the first and second units of data.
Abstract:
A plurality of line interfaces is configured to receive a spread signal over the plurality of line interface. The spread signal carrying symbols with guaranteed symbol-to-symbol state transitions between consecutive symbols. The spread signal is defined by a plurality of transition signals including a first signal over a first line interface. A clock signal is extracted based on a comparison between a first instance of the first signal and a delayed second instance of the first signal. The delayed second instance of the first signal is sampled based on the clock signal to provide a symbol output. The clock extraction circuit is further adapted to generate the clock signal based on additional comparisons between a first instance of a second signal, within the plurality of transition signals, and a delayed second instance of the second signal, where the first and second signals are concurrent signals received over different line interfaces.
Abstract:
System, methods and apparatus are described that facilitate transmission of data, particularly between two devices within an electronic apparatus. Information is transmitted in N-phase polarity encoded symbols. Drivers may be adapted or configured to align state transitions on two or more connectors in order to minimize a transition period between consecutive symbols. The drivers may include circuits that advance or delay certain transitions. The drivers may include pre-emphasis circuits that operate to drive the state of a connector for a portion of the transition period, even when the connector is transitioned to an undriven state.