摘要:
An apparatus and method for measuring a range of small volumes of fluids to a high degree of precision, said apparatus including: a) a single reaction chamber (20); b) a piston (30) operable within said chamber to selectively and precisely vary the internal volume of said chamber; c) a first inlet (41) to said chamber in communication with one or more fluid sources of which a portion of a first fluid of said one or more fluids is adapted to be drawn into said chamber; d) at least one further inlet (43) including a second inlet to said chamber in communication with one or more fluid sources of which a portion of a second fluid of said one or more fluids is adapted to be drawn into said chamber; and e) a sealable outlet (45), wherein said piston is adapted to progressive draw said portion of a second fluid into said chamber until either accurare metering of a volume of said first or second portion of fluid is achived or a reaction involving said first and second portions in said chamber (such as a titration reaction) is completed.
摘要:
Parallel flow reaction systems comprising four or more reaction channels are disclosed. Distribution systems, and parallel flow reaction systems comprising such distribution systems are also disclosed. Specifically, the distribution systems comprise one or more subsystems, including for example, a flow-partitioning subsystem for providing a different flow rate to each of the four or more reactors, a pressure-partitioning subsystem for providing a different reaction pressure in the reaction cavity of each of the four or more reactors, and a feed-composition subsystem for providing a different feed composition to each of the four or more reactors. In preferred embodiments, the one or more subsystems can comprise at least one set of four or more flow restrictors, each of the four or more flow restrictors having a flow resistance that varies relative to other flow restrictors in the set.
摘要:
This invention relates to the miniaturisation of radiosyntheses onto microfabricateddevices, and in particular to use of microfabricated devices for radiosynthesis, isolation, and analysis of radiotracers for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
摘要:
The present invention provides a liquid distribution system, which is useful in a number of contexts, including in accomplishing various synthetic, diagnostic and drug screening reactions. The distribution system can comprise an alpha reservoir (200A) and a beta reservoir (200B), a first set of parallel and adjacent first and second feeder channels (211A-211B) and a second set of parallel and adjacent third and fourth feeder channels (211C-211D) which are offset from the first and second feed channels (211A-211B), wherein (a) the first (211A) and third (211C) feeder channels are connected to the alpha reservoir (200A) via a first connector channel (211A) that is situated above or below the second (211B) and fourth feeder channels (211D) and are independent of the beta reservoir and (b) the second (211B) and fourth feeder channels (211D) are connected to the beta reservoir via a second connector channel (211B) that it situated above or below the first and third feeder channels (211A and 211C) and are independent of the alpha reservoir (200A). The distribution system is preferably a microscale distribution system. Various particular mechanisms for controlling flow into a liquid distribution system are described.
摘要:
Ein System zur Beobachtung oder Überwachung von biologischen und chemischen Prozessen in einer Mehrzahl kleiner Behältnisse, z.B. einer Mikrotiteranordnung, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass pro Behältnis (6) mindestens ein Mikrosensor vorgesehen ist, der unmittelbar vorgegebene Prozessgrössen ermittelt und/oder vorbestimmte Substanzen detektiert und daraus entsprechende elektrische Signale generiert. Eine nachgeschaltete Auswerte- und Steuereinheit (4, 14) aktiviert diese Mikrosensoren und empfängt/verarbeitet die von den Mikrosensoren gelieferten Signale. Zusätzlich können Heiz- oder Kühlelemente in den Behältnissen angeordnet sein, die ebenfalls von der Auswerte- und Steuereinheit (4, 14) gesteuert werden und ggf. in Abhängigkeit von Signalen der Mikrosensoren die Behältnis-Temperatur regeln. Mikrosensor und/oder Heiz/Kühlelement und/oder Teile der Auswerte- und Steuereinheit (4, 14) werden vorzugsweise in Moduln auf einem gemeinsamen Siliziumsubstrat integriert.
摘要:
A sample-processing device (150) comprises a unitary body (152), preferably a molded polymeric part, having formed therein a reaction chamber (154) for chemically reacting a sample, a separation region (158) for separating components of the sample, and a transition region (156) connecting the reaction chamber (154) to the separation region (158). The reaction chamber (154), transition region (156), and separation region (158) are formed in and enclosed by the unitary body (152). Additionally, the transition region (156) includes at least one flow restrictor (180) for controlling the flow of fluid between the reaction chamber (154) and the separation region (158). Further, the portion of the unitary body (152) defining the transition region (156) has lower thermal conduction than the portion of the body defining the reaction chamber (154) so that the transition region (156) thermally isolates the reaction chamber (154) from the separation region (156). In a preferred embodiment, the reaction chamber (154) is an amplification chamber for amplifying nucleic acid in the sample, and the separation region (158) comprises an electrophoresis column or capillary containing a suitable matrix material, such as electrophoresis gel or buffer, for separating nucleic acid fragments in the sample. Electrodes (167, 168, 169) are embedded in the body (152) for forcing the sample to flow from the reaction chamber (154) to the separation region (158). The unitary body (152) may also be surrounded by external, functional components such as an optical detector (186) for detecting separated components of the sample.
摘要:
Microfabricated devices and methods of manufacturing the devices are disclosed. The devices are manufactured from a substrate having microscale fluid channels, and polymerizing a polymerizable mixture in the channels to form stimuli-responsive operating components of the device. The operating components can be functional or structural components. The method of manufacture obviates the traditional assembly of microscale components to form a device because the microscale components are formed in situ or within the device.
摘要:
The invention relates to a microcolumn reactor for carrying out reactions on solid phases and/or with biological cells. The aim of the invention is to provide a microcolumn reactor for processes of synthesis and separation on small sample volumina that replaces an alternating sequence of binding and elution processes on a phase that is stationary bound during a test series and makes it possible to exchange the stationary phase, for example once it has been loaded. To this end, the microcolumn reactor consists of at least one first and one second substrate wafer (1; 2) that are linked with one another across their surfaces. At least one of the substrate wafers (1; 2) is provided with an elongate channel (3) which comprises in a defined section (a) of its length two passage openings (41, 42) that are implemented in the opposite substrate wafer. Said openings (41, 42) are separated from the channel (3) by a partially permeable sieve-type membrane (5). The areas of acceptance (51) of said membrane have a diameter that is chosen in such a manner as to specifically prevent microbeads and/or cells introduced into the channel from entering the passage openings (41, 42). The channel (3) is provided with at least two further openings (61, 62) outside the section (a) that is comprised by the passage openings (41, 42). Said further openings permit the microbeads and/or cells that are provided above the section (a) to be introduced and/or displaced by applying a fluid pressure (p). Means are provided that temporarily close at least one of the passage openings (41, 42) and one of the openings (61, 62).
摘要:
Vorgeschlagen wird eine Mikromembranpumpe und/oder ein Mikromischer, mit einer Antriebsmembran (10), mindestens einem Einlass und mindestens einem Auslass (3), und einem Pumpen-/Mischerkörper (9), welcher zusammen mit der Antriebsmembran (10) mindestens eine Pump-/Mischerkammer (300) bildet dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die Mikropumpe/ den Mikromischer mindestens ein Messfühler (400) integriert ist. Als Messfühler wird bevorzugt eine Elektrodenanordnung gewählt, welche die Anwendung elektrochemischer Messverfahren ermöglicht. Dies kann z. B. eine parallele Platten Anordnung sein. Weiterhin wird die Anwendung von Auswerteverfahren der multivariaten Statistik oder der Mustererkennung vorgeschlagen.