Abstract:
An apparatus for analyzing material, such as coal, comprises subjecting the coal (14) to laser light. The laser light is used to vaporize and ionize a small amount of the coal to produce spectral emissions. A plurality of detection means (26, 30, 34), each of which detect a part of the spectrum of the spectrum emissions, collect spectral information and pass it to data collection means (38, 40, 42). The data is then analyzed to determine the presence and/or amount of one or more elements or species in the coal. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus has a plurality of data collection means (26, 30, 34), with each of the plurality of detection means being associated with a respective data collection means (38, 40, 42). The apparatus provides rapid and accurate analysis of the coal. The apparatus may be used to analyze coal on a conveyor belt or coal in a seam in the ground.
Abstract:
A fluorescence spectrophotometer having an excitation double monochromator (104), a coaxial excitation/emission light transfer module (106), and an emission double monochromator (110). Each monochromator includes a pair of holographic concave gratings (203, 210) mounted to precisely select a desired band of wavelengths from incoming broadband light without using other optical elements, such as mirrors. Selected excitation light is directed into a sample well (108) by a light transfer module (106) that includes a coaxial excitation mirror (302) positioned to directed excitation light directly to the bottom of a well (108) of a multi-well plate. Fluorescence emission light that exits the well opening is collected by a relatively large coaxial emission mirror (304). The collected emission light is wavelength selected by the emission double monochromator (110). Selected emission light is detected by a photodetector module (112).
Abstract:
An inductively coupled plasma spectrometer including shielding/sampling means (1) located between a plasma torch (3) and an optical system (4) of the spectrometer, wherein said shielding/sampling (1) means is associated with an enclosure (9) for the plasma torch such that a relatively high independance path (10, 11) is established for limiting flow of electrical current between said shielding/sampling means (1) and said enclosure (9).
Abstract:
Spectral imaging methods (fig. 2) for biological research, medical diagnostics and therapy to be used to detect spatial organization and to quantify cellular (fig. 5) and tissue natural constituents, structures, organelles and administered components such as tagging probes (fig. 27) and drugs using light transmission (fig. 9), reflection, scattering and fluorescence emission strategies (fig. 7), with high sensitivity and high spatial and spectral resolutions.
Abstract:
A multi-functional photometer includes a scanning mechanism having a housing (10) that bears an articulated movable arm (12). The arm (12) is coupled to an optical scanning head (18) and incorporates optical fibers (36, 38, 40, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62) for transmitting radiant energy to and from the scanning head (18). The arm (12) comprises a C-shaped 'elbow' member (14), pivotally attached to a 'shoulder' member (16). In turn, the 'shoulder' member (16) of the arm (12) is pivotally connected to the housing (10). Dynamic couplings join the optical fibers (36, 38, 40, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62) such that the shapes thereof remain fixed regardless of the orientation of the arm (12). The housing (10) further incorporated a Cartesian-coordinate table (20) for positioning the scanning head (18) with respect to a microplate (22) that contains a plurality of analyte samples.
Abstract:
A quantitative analysis of the ingredients in a specimen (3) with classification by the conditions of the ingredients in the specimen, using a spectroscopic analysis is made by exiting the specimen (3) a number of times for emission, detecting the light intensity data of the line of the ingredient element and the non-ingredient element of the specimen per emission, storing (22) the light intensity data of the line, specifying emission which contains the ingredient element and the non-ingredient element over a predetermined level based on the stored data, and determining the presence of a composition of the ingredient element and the non-ingredient element at a portion of the specimen corresponding to the specified emission.
Abstract:
A quantitative analysis of the ingredients in a specimen (3) with classification by the conditions of the ingredients in the specimen, using a spectroscopic analysis is made by exiting the specimen (3) a number of times for emission, detecting the light intensity data of the line of the ingredient element and the non-ingredient element of the specimen per emission, storing (22) the light intensity data of the line, specifying emission which contains the ingredient element and the non-ingredient element over a predetermined level based on the stored data, and determining the presence of a composition of the ingredient element and the non-ingredient element at a portion of the specimen corresponding to the specified emission.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus are described for monitoring an area or areas for the presence of gaseous materials, particularly pollutants, by collecting and analyzing infrared radiation present in the selected area, wherein the apparatus contains a computer controlled platform which positions a reflective surface in azimuth and elevation to direct said radiation into an interferometer for analysis. The results of the spectrometric analyses are made available in a form understandable to the person or device monitoring the area for the presence of specified materials. The results of the spectrometric analysis may, for example, be displayed on a video unit, printed or used to sound an alarm.