摘要:
A method of manufacturing a biopolymer optical device includes providing a polymer, providing a substrate, casting the polymer on the substrate, and enzymatically polymerizing an organic compound to generate a conducting polymer between the provided polymer and the substrate. The polymer may be a biopolymer such as silk and may be modified using organic compounds such as tyrosines to provide a molecular-level interface between the provided bulk biopolymer of the biopolymer optical device and a substrate or other conducting layer via a tyrosine- enzyme polymerization. The enzymatically polymerizing may include catalyzing the organic compound with peroxidase enzyme reactions. The result is a carbon-carbon conjugated backbone that provides polymeric 'wires' for use in polymer and biopolymer optical devices. An all organic biopolymer electroactive material is thereby provided that provides optical functions and features.
摘要:
A method for partial doping of a host conjugated polymer comprising the step of blending the host conjugated polymer or a precursor thereof with another substantially-miscible polymer (the "second polymer") which is derivatised with a small fraction of dopant groups or precursors thereof, wherein the small fraction of dopant groups or precursors thereof is selected to be less than the amount required to fully dope the host conjugated polymer.
摘要:
An optical switch 70, wherein an optical guided wave path 71 formed on a substrate 72 is formed and the tip part of a movable member 77 having a mirror 79 in cantilever construction is extended to a cut-in part 74 provided in the optical guided path 71, an electrode 80 parallel with the movable member 77 is extended to the cut-in part 74, and a voltage is applied across the electrode 80 and the movable member 77 to change the position of the mirror 79 for switching.
摘要:
A digital optical switch apparatus and method for manufacture. The apparatus includes a mirror assembly (112) coupled to a top cap (110) and to a bottom cap (114).
摘要:
A sensor apparatus comprising a photonic crystal structure optically coupled to a laser, the photonic crystal structure comprising a beam splitter, an interferometer (804) having a reference arm (808) and a sensor arm (806), a first output (832) configured to be optically coupled to a bright port photodetector, and a second output (834) configured to be optically coupled to a dark port photodetector.
摘要:
The invention relates to a micromechanical component comprising a substrate (12) and a structural element (2) that is placed on the substrate (12) in a manner that permits it to be displaced. The structural element (2) has a first electrode (24) and a second electrode (26) that is electrically insulated from the first electrode (24). The substrate (12) has a third electrode (28) that is at least partially situated opposite the first electrode (24) and the second electrode (26).
摘要:
An optical cross connect switch. In this switch any optical fiber in an input set of optical fibers, each carrying a communication beam, can be cross connected to any optical fiber in an output set of optical fibers. An alignment beam is added to and aligned co-axially with the communication beam carried by each fiber in the input set of optical fibers to define a communication-alignment beam for each fiber. Each communication-alignment beam is directed within a confined optical pathway to a specific exit aperture in an input array structure. The exit apertures for all of the communication-alignment beams are arranged in a pattern defining an input array so that each communication-alignment beam can be identified by the location of its exit aperture in the input array structure. Each communication-alignment beam is formed into a cross-connection beam by a micro-lens in a first lens micro-lens array. Each cross-connection beam is directed to a lens in a second lens array by two mirrors, a first mirror in a first mirror array and a second mirror in a second mirror array. The lens in the second micro-lens array focuses the communication beams into a specific input aperture of a confined optical pathway, preferably an optical fiber, in an output array structure. Each of the confined optical pathways in the output array structure is optically connected to an optical fiber of an output set of optical fibers. A first detector array located near the second lens array monitors the position of each alignment beam and provides position information to a processor for control of the mirrors in at least one of the mirror arrays.