摘要:
A method and apparatus for generating a dopant gas species which is a reaction product of a metal and a gas reactive therewith to form the dopant gas species. A source mass of metal (16) is provided and contacted with the reactive gas to yield a dopant gas species. The dopant gas species may be passed to a chemical vapor deposition reactor (320), or flowed to an ionization chamber (46) to generate ionic species for ion implantation.
摘要:
Die Erfindung beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von relaxierten Epitaxieschichten auf einem Halbleitersubstrat mittels Molekularstrahlepitaxie mit einer Wasserstoffquelle, indem in einer in situ Prozeßfolge
an oder nahe der Substratoberfläche eine wasserstoffhaltige Zwischenschicht deponiert oder eingebracht wird, darauf eine verspannte Epitaxieschicht aufgewachsen wird und die Epitaxieschicht mittels einer Temperaturbehandlung relaxiert wird.
摘要:
Energy, such as from three different lasers, is directed at the surface of a substrate to mobilize and vaporize a carbon constituent element (e.g., carbide) within the substrate (e.g., steel). The vaporized constituent element is reacted by the energy to alter its physical structure (e.g., from carbon to diamond) to that of a composite material which is diffused back into the substrate as a composite material. An additional secondary element, which also contains carbon, may optionally be directed (e.g., sprayed) onto the substrate to augment, enhance and/or modify the formation of the composite material, as well as to supply sufficient or additional material for fabricating a diamond or diamond-like coating on the surface of the substrate. The process can be carried out in an ambient environment (e.g., without a vacuum), and without pre-heating or post-cooling of the substrate.
摘要:
An ultrafine Al particle consists of an Al multiply twinned particle. The Al multiply twinned particle has a decahedron structure surrounded by {111} planes. The Al multiply twinned decahedral partucle has a diameter of 10 to 30 nm. Such an ultrafine Al particle consisting of the Al multiply twinned decahedral particle is obtained as follows. A metastable Al oxide particle is placed on an amorphous carbon substrate having the reduction effect. Then the electron beam is irradiated to the metastable Al oxide particle placed on the amorphous carbon substrate in the vacuum atmosphere. From the metastable Al oxide particle, Al atoms or Al clusters are emitted and adsorbed to the substrate. By adjusting the electron beam intensity so that the ultrafine Al particle in the above procedure has a diameter from 10 to 30 nm, the Al multiply twinned particle having a decahedron is obtained.
摘要:
The present invention has been achieved by perceiving the fact to the effect that a semiconductor production process-like manner such as CVD method or the like by which materials and film thickness can be controlled in an atomic scale may be utilized in case of preparing thin-film crystal, and employing such semiconductor production process-like manner being quite different from conventional technique. The invention relates to preparation of crystalline thin-films for solid-state lasers wherein a substrate contained in a vessel under a high vacuum condition is heated, materials for forming the laser material are supplied onto the surface of the aforesaid substrate in the form of gas, ion, single metal or metal compound to grow crystal on the surface of the aforesaid substrate, and a material of active ionic species is supplied onto the surface of the aforesaid substrate simultaneously with supply of the aforesaid materials for forming the laser host crystal, thereby controlling valence number of the material of active ionic species so as to be identical with the valence number of the metal ion constituting the crystal of the aforesaid laser host crystal.
摘要:
By using a dual ion-beam sputtering apparatus (1), an aluminum thin-film (13) is formed on a glass substrate (12) made of an amorphous material. While radiating an ion beam (21) for assisting the film formation from an ion source (4) onto the glass substrate (12), the aluminum thin-film (13) is formed by depositing the sputtering ions which are generated by radiating an ion beam (22) onto an aluminum target (11).
摘要:
A method of forming synthetic hydrogen defect free diamond or diamond like films on a substrate. The method involves providing vapor containing fullerene molecules with or without an inert gas, providing a device to impart energy to the fullerene molecules, fragmenting at least in part some of the fullerene molecules in the vapor or energizing the molecules to incipient fragmentation, ionizing the fullerene molecules, impinging ionized fullerene molecules on the substrate to assist in causing fullerene fragmentation to obtain a thickness of diamond on the substrate.