摘要:
In some examples, a fuel cell including an anode; electrolyte; and cathode separated from the anode by the electrolyte, wherein the cathode includes a Pr-nickelate based material with (Pr1-xAx)n+1(Ni1-yBy)nO3n+1+δ as a general formula, where n is 1 as an integer, A is an A-site dopant including of a metal of a group formed by one or more lanthanides, and B is a B-site dopant including of a metal of a group formed by one or more transition metals, wherein the A and B-site dopants are provided such that there is an increase in phase-stability and reduction in degradation of the Pr-nickelate based material, and A is at least one metal cation of lanthanides, La, Nd, Sm, or Gd, B is at least one metal cation of transition metals, Cu, Co, Mn, Zn, or Cr, where: 0
摘要:
The invention provides a method for treating prostate cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a selective inhibitor of one or more of CDK8 and CDK19. In some embodiments the inhibitor inhibits CDK19. In some embodiments, the inhibitor inhibits CDK8 at a Kd of lower than 200 nM and/or inhibits CDK19 at a Kd of lower than 100 nM. In some embodiments, the prostate cancer is androgen independent. In some embodiments, the prostate cancer is androgen independent due to one or more of androgen receptor gene amplification, androgen receptor gene mutation, ligand-independent transactivation of androgen receptor and activation of intracellular androgen synthesis. In some embodiments, the inhibitor inhibits increased activity of NF-κB. In some embodiments, the inhibitor does not inhibit increased basal levels of NF-κB. In some embodiments, inhibition of one or more genes by AR is not inhibited.
摘要:
Sodium chloride and purified water are recovered by treating salt water that contains sodium chloride with an integrated reverse osmosis and electrodialysis system, which includes an efficiency-enhancing feature that is one or more of the following: the use of univalent anion and univalent cation selective membranes in the electrodialysis unit; the addition of a nanofiltration unit to process the diluate from the electrodialysis unit; or operation of the electrodialysis unit at an elevated pressure. Magnesium and bromine can optionally be produced when the salt water contains these materials.
摘要:
An optical analysis system includes an optical filter mechanism disposed to receive light from a light source and configured to optically compress data carried by the light into at least one orthogonal component of the light. A detector mechanism in operative communication with the optical filter mechanism measures a property of the at least one orthogonal component to measure the data.
摘要:
A method of high-speed processing and monitoring of a product, such as a pharmaceutical powder or tablet, comprises: moving the product (C) past an inspection station; illuminating at least a portion of the product with light; spectrally filtering a first portion of light carrying invormation about the product, o.g., transmitted or reflected light, by passing said first portion through at least one multivariate optical element (148) and detecting said filtered light with a first detector (152), - detecting a deflected second portion of said light with a second detector (156); and determining at least one selected property of the product based on the detector outputs.
摘要:
In one aspect, the invention relates to methods for enhancing a Raman signal comprising the steps of providing a sample comprising a metal surface, an analyte adhered to the surface, and a metallic nanoparticle coupled to the surface, wherein the nanoparticle has a plasmon resonance band; exposing the sample to incident energy of an excitation wavelength; and detecting the Raman signal of the analyte. In a further aspect, the invention relates to a composition comprising a metal surface, a functionalized self-assembled monolayer adhered to the surface, wherein the self-assembled monolayer comprises an analyte, and a cetyltrialkylammonium halide-capped metallic nanoparticle coupled to the surface. In a further aspect, the invention relates to a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-capped gold nanoparticle and a method for preparing same. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
摘要:
A process and system for purifying water is disclosed. For example, in one embodiment, the process may be used to remove a divalent salt, such as calcium sulfate, from a water source in order to prevent the divalent salt from precipitating during the process. The water source, for instance, may be fed to an ion separating device, such as an electrodialysis device. In the electrodialysis device, an ion exchange takes place between the divalent salt and another salt, such as a monovalent salt to produce two concentrated salt streams that contain salts having greater solubility in water than the divalent salt. In one embodiment, the two salt streams that are produced may then be combined to precipitate the divalent salt in a controlled manner. During the process, various other components contained within the water feed stream may also be removed from the stream and converted into useful products. In one particular embodiment, the process is configured to receive a byproduct stream from a reverse osmosis process.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the discovery, identification and characterization of toxic agents which are lethal to pathogens and methods for targeting such toxic agents to a pathogen or pathogen infected cells in order to treat and/or eradicate the infection. In particular, the present invention relates to toxic agents which target bacteria at different stages of the bacterial life cycle, which are delivered alone or in combination to bacteria or bacteria-infected cells. The invention relates to toxic agents which are lethal to diseased cells and methods for targeting such toxic agents to a diseased cell in order to treat and/or eradicate the disease. The present invention relates to promoter elements which are pathogen-specific or tissue-specific and the use of such promoter elements to achieve pathogen-specific or tissue-specific expression of the toxic agent(s) and/or ribozyme(s) of the present invention. Specifically, the invention relates to the delivery of one or more toxic gene products, antisense RNAs, or ribozymes, or combination thereof. The invention provides a novel system by which multiple pathogenic targets may be simultaneously targeted to cause the death of a pathogen, or cell infected with a pathogen. Further, the invention has important implications in the eradication of drug-resistant bacterium and bacterial pathogens. The invention provides a novel system by which multiple targets may be simultaneously targeted to cause the death of a diseased cell. The invention has important implications in the eradication of drug-resistant pathogens (such as antibiotic resistant bacteria) and drug-resistant diseased cells (such as drug-resistant cancer cells).