摘要:
The present invention relates to a multilayer structure including a base (X), a layer (Y), and a layer (Z) disposed contiguous to the layer (Y). The layer (Y) includes a compound (A) containing a phosphorus atom and a polymer (B) having a hydroxy group and/or carboxyl group. A mass ratio between the compound (A) and the polymer (B) is 15 : 85 to 99 : 1 in the layer (Y). The layer (Z) is a layer containing aluminum atoms.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a multilayer structure including a base (X), a layer (Y), and a layer (Z) disposed contiguous to the layer (Y). The layer (Y) includes a compound (A) containing a phosphorus atom and a polymer (B) having a hydroxy group and/or carboxyl group. A mass ratio between the compound (A) and the polymer (B) is 15 : 85 to 99 : 1 in the layer (Y). The layer (Z) is a layer containing aluminum atoms.
摘要:
The invention relates to a temperature-stable hydrogel comprising electrolytic water and a copolymer cross-linked to multivalent metal ions. The invention is characterized in that the copolymer contains at least structural units which are derived at up to 0.005-20 wgt.-% from an ethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acid and alkali metal salts thereof and/or ammonia salts, up to 5-40 wgt.-% from an ethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid and alkali metal salts thereof and/or ammonia salts and up to 5-94.995 wgt.-% from an amide of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group of acrylamide, methacrylamide and/or C 1 -C 4 alkyl derivatives, wherein the percentages are based on the total mass of the monomers used during copolymerization, that the multivalent metal ions for cross-linking of the copolymers belong to the groups IIIA, IVB, VB, VIIB and/or VIIIB of the periodic system of elements, and that the electrolyte content of the hydrogel equals between 0.075 and 25 wgt.-% based on the total mass of the hydrogel. The electrolytic hydrogel can preferably be used for hydraulic fracturing of crude oil or natural gas deposits and for reservoir stimulating of underground waters and is characterized by a very good resistance to saline waters.
摘要:
The invention relates to a membrane for fuel cells, containing polymers comprising phosphonic acid groups and/or sulfonic acid groups, said membrane being characterised in that the polymer comprising phosphonic acid groups and/or sulfonic acid groups can be obtained by the copolymerisation of monomers comprising phosphonic acid and/or sulfonic acid groups, and hydrophobic monomers.
摘要:
Provided herein are narrowly distributed multi-armed polyethylene glycol compounds, and hydrogels containing the same. Also provided are methods for treating, adhering, or sealing a biological tissue with hydrogels, and kits for making a hydrogel. Drug releasing compositions also are provided that include a narrowly distributed multi-armed polyethylene glycol compound.
摘要:
Polymer foam bodies are made from phosphorus-containing thermoplastic random copolymers of a dialkyl (meth)acryloyloxyalkyl phosph(on)ate. Foam bodies made from these copolymers exhibit increased limiting oxygen indices and surprisingly have good properties. In certain embodiments, the phosphorus-containing thermoplastic copolymer is blended with one or more other polymers and formed into nanofoams.
摘要:
A polymer electrolyte membrane is provided which comprises a copolymer prepared by polymerization of a phosphorus-atom-containing unsaturated monomer comprising at least one phosphorus atom and at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond in a molecule, typically represented by the general formula (1):
and a monomer or prepolymer of a number-average molecular weight of 2,000 or more having an ethylenically unsaturated bond. Thereby, there are provided a polymer electrolyte membrane having both the high proton conductivity of the polymer electrolyte membrane containing phosphoric acid ester and a high mechanical strength, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the polymer electrolyte membrane.
摘要:
In a method for recovering polymers in a substantially pure form from a solution containing the polymers, the solution is first treated with a reactant (e.g. an acid, a sequestrant or a mixture of both) to form the free polymers and salts of the reactant. Second, the solution is treated to remove the salts therefrom and in a final stage the polymer solution is concentrated and the polymers recovered. The second treatment step may consist of membrane-filtration, ion-exchange or electrodialysis.
摘要:
Polymer foam bodies are made from phosphorus-containing thermoplastic random copolymers of a dialkyl (meth)acryloyloxyalkyl phosph(on)ate. Foam bodies made from these copolymers exhibit increased limiting oxygen indices and surprisingly have good properties. In certain embodiments, the phosphorus-containing thermoplastic copolymer is blended with one or more other polymers and formed into nanofoams.
摘要:
The present invention relates to solid polymer electrolyte membranes (SPEMs) which include a co-processed mixture of a substrate polymer and an ion-conducting material membrane, or more preferably include a membrane comprising a polymer blend of a substrate polymer and an ion-conducting material. SPEMs of the present invention are useful in electrochemical application, including fuel cells.