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    ELECTROCHEMICAL DIGESTION OF ORGANIC MOLECULES
    1.
    发明申请
    ELECTROCHEMICAL DIGESTION OF ORGANIC MOLECULES 审中-公开
    有机分子的电化学消解

    公开(公告)号：US20130087466A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-11

    申请号：US13630776

    申请日：2012-09-28

    申请人： Robert Brian Dopp

    发明人： Robert Brian Dopp

    IPC分类号： B01D43/00 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B9/18 ,  C02F101/30

    CPC分类号： C02F1/4672 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2101/30 ,  C02F2201/46175 ,  C02F2201/46185

    摘要： Various methods and systems are provided for electrochemical digestion of organic molecules. In one example, among others, a method includes providing an electrolyte fluid including organic molecules between the electrodes of a reaction vessel and applying a voltage wave shape to the electrodes of the reaction vessel to digest the organic molecules. No separator exists between the electrodes of the reaction vessel. In another example, a system for digesting organic molecules includes a reaction vessel, an electrolyte fluid including the organic molecules, and a power source. The reaction vessel includes a plurality of electrodes where no separator exists between the electrodes. The electrolyte fluid is provided between the plurality of electrodes of the reaction vessel and the power source can applies a voltage wave shape to the electrodes of the reaction vessel to digest the organic molecules.

    摘要翻译： 提供了有机分子的电化学消解的各种方法和系统。 在一个实例中，其中包括在反应容器的电极之间提供包括有机分子的电解液，并将电压波形施加到反应容器的电极以消化有机分子。 在反应容器的电极之间不存在分离器。 在另一个实例中，用于消化有机分子的系统包括反应容器，包括有机分子的电解质流体和电源。 反应容器包括在电极之间不存在隔膜的多个电极。 电解质流体设置在反应容器的多个电极之间，电源可以向反应容器的电极施加电压波形以消化有机分子。

    Electrochemical Cell With A Catalytic Electrode And Process For Making The Electrode And The Cell
    3.
    发明申请
    Electrochemical Cell With A Catalytic Electrode And Process For Making The Electrode And The Cell 审中-公开
    具有催化电极的电化学电池和用于制造电极和电池的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080155813A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

    申请号：US11964061

    申请日：2007-12-26

    申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Wayne B. Bennett ,  Jingdong Guo

    发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Wayne B. Bennett ,  Jingdong Guo

    IPC分类号： H01M4/62 ,  B05D5/12

    CPC分类号： H01M12/06 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8668 ,  H01M4/8673 ,  H01M4/8875 ,  H01M4/8896 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49002 ,  Y10T29/49108 ,  Y10T29/49115

    摘要： A process for making a catalytic electrode containing a transition metal nano-catalyst without using spray or thermal decomposition, and a process for making an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode. The nano-catalyst is a particulate material that includes particles that are at least partially oxidized, preferably to include at least oxide shells, before mixing with an activated carbon and binder in a liquid medium to adhere particles of the nano-catalyst to internal and external surfaces of the particles of activated carbon. Oxidation of the nano-catalyst particles allows the mixing of the nano-catalyst, activated carbon and binder in air rather than an inert gas atmosphere and can avoid the use of potentially dangerous liquid media such as highly volatile alcohols.

    摘要翻译： 制造含有过渡金属纳米催化剂的催化电极而不使用喷雾或热分解的方法，以及用催化电极制造电化学电池的方法。 纳米催化剂是颗粒材料，其包括至少部分氧化的颗粒，优选至少包含氧化物壳，然后在液体介质中与活性炭和粘合剂混合之前将纳米催化剂的颗粒粘附到内部和外部 活性炭颗粒的表面。 纳米催化剂颗粒的氧化允许在空气中而不是惰性气体气氛中混合纳米催化剂，活性炭和粘合剂，并且可以避免使用潜在危险的液体介质如高挥发性醇。

    NANO-MATERIAL CATALYST DEVICE
    4.
    发明申请
    NANO-MATERIAL CATALYST DEVICE 审中-公开
    纳米材料催化剂装置

    公开(公告)号：US20110155571A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-30

    申请号：US13032585

    申请日：2011-02-22

    申请人： R. Douglas Carpenter ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Kimberly McGrath

    发明人： R. Douglas Carpenter ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Kimberly McGrath

    IPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  G01N27/30

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8878 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/928 ,  H01M8/1004

    摘要： A catalyst member comprising a blended mixture of nano-scale metal particles compressed with larger metal particles and sintered to form a structurally stable member of any desired shape. The catalyst member can be used in one of many different applications; for example, as an electrode in a fuel cell or in an electrolysis device to generate hydrogen and oxygen.

    摘要翻译： 一种催化剂构件，其包含用较大金属颗粒压缩的纳米级金属颗粒的混合混合物并烧结以形成任何所需形状的结构稳定的构件。 催化剂构件可用于许多不同应用之一; 例如，作为燃料电池中的电极或电解装置中产生氢和氧的电极。

    HIGH RATE ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES
    5.
    发明申请
    HIGH RATE ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES 审中-公开
    高速电化学装置

    公开(公告)号：US20080277287A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

    申请号：US12045625

    申请日：2008-03-10

    申请人： Robert Brian Dopp

    发明人： Robert Brian Dopp

    IPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B9/18

    CPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B9/162 ,  C25B11/035 ,  Y02E60/366

    摘要： A device and system useful for highly efficient chemical and electrochemical reactions is described. The device comprises a preferably porous electrode and a plurality of suspended nanoparticles diffused within the void volume of the electrode when used within an electrolyte. The device is suitable within a system having a first and second chamber preferably positioned vertically or in other special arrangements with respect to each other, and each chamber containing an electrode and electrolyte with suspended nanoparticles therein. When reactive metal particles are diffused into the electrode structure and suspended in electrolyte by gasses, a fluidized bed is established. The reaction efficiency is increased and products can be produced at a higher rate. When an electrolysis device can be operated such that incoming reactants and outgoing products enter and exit from opposite faces of an electrode, reaction rate and efficiency are improved. Ideally, this device and system can be used to rapidly produce significant quantities of high purity hydrogen gas with minimal electricity cost.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于高效化学和电化学反应的装置和系统。 当在电解质中使用时，该装置包括优选多孔电极和在电极的空隙体积内扩散的多个悬浮的纳米颗粒。 该装置适合于具有第一和第二室的系统，其优选地相对于彼此垂直地或以其它特殊布置方式定位，并且每个室包含其中具有悬浮的纳米颗粒的电极和电解质。 当反应性金属颗粒扩散到电极结构中并通过气体悬浮在电解质中时，建立了流化床。 反应效率提高，产品能以较高的速度生产。 当电解装置可以操作使得进入的反应物和出料物质从电极的相对面进出时，反应速率和效率得到改善。 理想情况下，该设备和系统可用于以最小的电力成本快速产生大量的高纯度氢气。

    Process For Making A Catalytic Electrode And Electrochemical Cell Using The Electrode
    6.
    发明申请
    Process For Making A Catalytic Electrode And Electrochemical Cell Using The Electrode 审中-公开
    使用电极制造催化电极和电化学电池的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US20080160413A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

    申请号：US11964065

    申请日：2007-12-26

    申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gary A. Laisy

    发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gary A. Laisy

    IPC分类号： H01M4/52 ,  H01M2/16 ,  C09J5/00 ,  H01M4/42

    CPC分类号： H01M12/06 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8668 ,  H01M4/8673 ,  H01M4/8875 ,  H01M4/8896 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49002 ,  Y10T29/49108 ,  Y10T29/49115

    摘要： A process for making a catalytic electrode, a process for making an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode, and an electrochemical cell made according to the process. The catalytic electrode has an active layer comprising a catalytic material, an electrically conductive material and a binder, and a gas diffusion layer including a material that is permeable to gas entering or escaping from the cell but essentially impermeable to electrolyte. The gas diffusion layer is adhered to the active layer by a patterned pressure bonding process to provide the catalytic electrode in which the entire gas diffusion area is adhered to the active layer, with areas of relatively high and relatively low adhesion. The electrode has a high overall bond strength, and the permeability of the gas diffusion layer remains high it has been adhered to the active layer to provide excellent high power capability.

    摘要翻译： 制造催化电极的方法，制造具有催化电极的电化学电池的方法以及根据该方法制造的电化学电池。 催化电极具有包括催化材料，导电材料和粘合剂的活性层，以及气体扩散层，其包括可从电池进入或逃逸而对电解液基本不渗透的气体是可渗透的材料。 通过图案化压接工艺将气体扩散层粘附到有源层，以提供其中整个气体扩散区域粘附到活性层上的催化电极，具有相对较高和相对低的粘附性的区域。 电极的整体结合强度较高，气体扩散层的磁导率保持较高，粘附到有源层，提供优异的高功率能力。

    Seals, and electrochemical cells made therewith
    7.
    发明授权
    Seals, and electrochemical cells made therewith 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06210826B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

    申请号：US09262982

    申请日：1999-03-05

    申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

    发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

    IPC分类号： H01M200

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

    摘要： An elongate air depolarized electrochemical cell (10). A grommet (18) closes the top of the cell (10). A seal (36) can extend upwardly into a slot (174) between the grommet (18) and a top closure member (177) such as at the top of a cathode can (28), or a separate top closure member (200). Cathode assembly (26) and separator (16) can extend into the slot (174). The seal is between the grommet (18) and cathode assembly (26), or between grommet (18) and separator (16). or both. The seal can extend upwardly into the slot (174) from an outer surface of the cathode assembly (26), can extend about respective upper edges of the cathode current collector (57), catalyst, and separator (16), and downwardly toward, preferably against or along the inner surface of, the separator (16). The top closure member (200) can be crimped against the grommet (18) at the slot (174), with the cathode assembly (26), and optionally the separator (16), in the slot (174) between the grommet (18) and the top closure (200), thus to provide a liquid-tight crimp seal. The top closure (200) can be crimped first against the grommet (18) at the slot (174), and further crimped against the grommet (18) at a second locus (178) displaced longitudinally from the first crimp. Composition of the seal comprises a microporous polymer (36), preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. Preferred embodiments comprise at least two, preferably at least three, layers of air permeable microporous sheet material, useful for diffusion of air therethrough to the cathode reaction surface (63). The layers are wrapped continuously and without intervening end, to form an outer surface of the cathode assembly (26). Another expression of the invention is a cathode assembly (26), or cathode-separator combination, for use in an elongate air depolarized cell (10). The air permeable sheet material (36), as wrapped about the tubular cathode assembly, is compressed so as to have a compressed thickness less than the uncompressed thickness. The invention still further comprehends an elongate air depolarized cell (10) comprising an anode, a cathode, or cathode-separator combination as described herein, and electrolyte.

    Tubular air depolarized cell
    8.
    发明授权
    Tubular air depolarized cell 失效
    管状空气去极化细胞

    公开(公告)号：US06203940B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

    申请号：US09262975

    申请日：1999-03-05

    申请人： John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

    发明人： John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

    IPC分类号： H01M200

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

    摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12). a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). The tubular cathode current collector (32) has novel border regions (42, 44, 46. 48), novel longitudinal joint structure (54), novel perforations (56), and including novel methods of making such cathode current collectors (32) and such cells (10).

    摘要翻译： 一种细长的，通常为管状的空气去极化电化学电池（10），包括阴极（14），包括空气阴极组件（26），围绕电池（10）的管状周边延伸，并且沿着管状长度延伸，阳极 （12）。 阳极（12）和阴极（14）之间的隔板（16），电解质，顶部闭合构件（177,200）和底部闭合构件（114,202）。 阴极组件（26）通过摩擦配合固定地保持在电池底部的槽（116）中。 狭槽可以例如通过阴极罐（28）的内部（110）和外部（114）壁，底部封闭构件（202）的内部（226）和外部（224）壁，或者通过 阴极罐（28）的外壁（114）和电池内部的插塞（128）的相对的外壁。 优选地，电池（10）的底部闭合结构并且接收阴极集电器（32）的底部边缘部分（44），并且优选地在内表面（60）处与底部边缘部分（44）电接触， 的阴极集电器。 优选地，阴极组件（26）的扩散构件（36）作为密封件被压缩在电池（10）的底部，在电池的外侧壁（39）和阴极组件（26）的其余部分之间 ）。 扩散构件（36）至少还用作辅助密封电池（10）以抵抗来自阳极腔（137）的电解液泄漏并经过阴极组件（26）。 管状阴极集电器（32）具有新颖的边界区域（42,44,46,48），新颖的纵向接头结构（54），新颖的穿孔（56），并且包括制造这种阴极集电器（32）和 这样的细胞（10）。

    GAS DIFFUSION CATHODE USING NANOMETER SIZED PARTICLES OF TRANSITION METALS FOR CATALYSIS
    9.
    发明申请
    GAS DIFFUSION CATHODE USING NANOMETER SIZED PARTICLES OF TRANSITION METALS FOR CATALYSIS 审中-公开
    使用纳米尺寸的过渡金属颗粒进行气相扩散阴极催化

    公开(公告)号：US20110190116A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-04

    申请号：US13053009

    申请日：2011-03-21

    申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Doug Carpenter ,  Kim McGrath

    发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Doug Carpenter ,  Kim McGrath

    IPC分类号： B01J31/02 ,  B01J31/06 ,  B82Y30/00

    CPC分类号： H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8875 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M8/1013 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/522 ,  Y02E60/523

    摘要： A gas diffusion cathode for electrochemical cells provides higher power capability through the use of nano-particle catalysts. The catalysts comprise nanometer-sized particles of transition metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron, palladium, ruthenium, gold, silver, and lead, as well as alloys thereof, and respective oxides. These catalysts can substantially replace or eliminate platinum as a catalyst for oxygen reduction. Cathodes using such catalysts have applications to metal-air batteries, hydrogen fuel cells (PEMFCs), direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), direct oxidation fuel cells (DOFCs), and other air breathing electrochemical systems.

    摘要翻译： 用于电化学电池的气体扩散阴极通过使用纳米颗粒催化剂提供更高的功率能力。 催化剂包括纳米尺寸的过渡金属颗粒，例如镍，钴，锰，铁，钯，钌，金，银和铅，以及它们的合金和各自的氧化物。 这些催化剂可以基本上代替或消除铂作为氧还原的催化剂。 使用这种催化剂的阴极适用于金属空气电池，氢燃料电池（PEMFC），直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC），直接氧化燃料电池（DOFC）和其它呼吸气化电化学系统。