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公开(公告)号：US5885424A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US488221
申请日：1995-06-07
摘要： A method for breaking an emulsion comprising oil and water into oil and water phases comprising treating the emulsion with a chemical demulsifier and passing the mixture through a hollow chamber having a uniform cross-section and subjecting the mixture to acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz, preferably 1.25 kHz, to enhance breaking the emulsion into a water phase and oil phase. The oil phase is then separated from the water phase by gravity separation and recovered. The sonic energy is generated by a transducer attached to the mid-section of the upper or lower outer surface of the hollow chamber. For emulsions containing light oil having an API gravity greater than 20 and water, the emulsion can be broken by the use of acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz without the addition of chemical demulsifiers.
摘要翻译： 一种将包含油和水的乳液分解成油和水相的方法，包括用化学破乳剂处理乳液并使混合物通过具有均匀横截面的中空室，并使混合物在约 0.5至10.0kHz，优选1.25kHz，以增强将乳液破碎成水相和油相。 然后通过重力分离将油相与水相分离并回收。 声能由附着在中空室的上部或下部外表面的中间部分的传感器产生。 对于含有API重力大于20的轻油和水的乳液，乳液可以通过在约0.5至10.0kHz的频率范围内使用声能来破坏，而不添加化学破乳剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5736031A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US719681
申请日：1996-09-26
申请人： James O. Nye , Robin M. Pate
发明人： James O. Nye , Robin M. Pate
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , B01D5/0036 , C10G33/04 , C10G7/04
摘要： A process for separating vaporous mixtures of hydrocarbons, water and emulsifier derived from the remediation of wellbore fluid, such as a mud containing solid particulate material in which the vaporous mixture is quenched with a hydrocarbon stream which is at a temperature above the boiling point of water and below the boiling point of the hydrocarbons in the vaporous stream. Most of the hydrocarbons in the vaporous stream and substantially all of the emulsifier are condensed into the hydrocarbon quench to form an oil stream. The water is recovered from the hydrocarbon quench as a vaporous stream and quenched with water. The quenched water and any residual heavier hydrocarbons are separated by phase separation.
摘要翻译： 用于分离源自井筒流体的修复的烃类，水和乳化剂的蒸汽混合物的方法，例如含有固体颗粒材料的泥浆，其中气态混合物用高于沸点沸点的烃流淬火 并低于蒸汽流中烃类的沸点。 蒸气流中的大部分烃和基本上所有的乳化剂都被冷凝成烃淬火以形成油流。 水从烃淬火中作为蒸汽流回收并用水淬灭。 淬火的水和任何残留的较重的烃通过相分离分离。
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公开(公告)号：US5730905A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US263302
申请日：1994-06-21
CPC分类号： B01D17/047 , C10G33/04
摘要： Oil-in-water (reverse) and water-in-oil (obverse) emulsions in crude oil production and processing systems are resolved by addition of a treatment solution comprising a copolymer of acryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (AETAC) and acrylamide. The mole percent of AETAC is above about 20% and the molecular weight (grams per mole) of the copolymer is above about 2 million. The treatment solution is effective in matrix which include high percentages of oil and at high temperatures.
摘要翻译： 通过加入包含丙烯酰氧基乙基三甲基氯化铵（AETAC）和丙烯酰胺的共聚物的处理溶液来解决原油生产和加工系统中的水包油（反向）和油包水（正面）乳液。 AETAC的摩尔百分比高于约20％，共聚物的分子量（克/摩尔）高于约200万。 处理溶液在基质中有效，包括高百分比的油和高温。
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公开(公告)号：US5667727A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US494987
申请日：1995-06-26
申请人： Patrick J. Breen , James W. Towner
发明人： Patrick J. Breen , James W. Towner
CPC分类号： C10G33/04
摘要： Polymer compositions made by reacting a polyol with an aromatic hydrocarbon containing only a single reactive functionality have been discovered to be useful demulsifiers for crude oil compositions. The aromatic hydrocarbon should have at least one aryl group and only one functionality reactive with a hydroxyl. The polyol may optionally be crosslinked prior to reaction with the aromatic hydrocarbon, and the crosslinking agent may be a diepoxide.
摘要翻译： 已经发现通过使多元醇与仅含有单一反应性官能团的芳族烃反应制备的聚合物组合物是用于原油组合物的有用的破乳剂。 芳烃应具有至少一个芳基，并且只有一个与羟基反应的官能团。 多元醇可以在与芳族烃反应之前任选地交联，并且交联剂可以是二环氧化物。
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公开(公告)号：US5661220A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-26
申请号：US592290
申请日：1996-02-07
申请人： Dieter Faul , Joachim Roser , Heinrich Hartmann , Hans-Henning Vogel , Wilhelmus Slotman , Gerd Konrad
发明人： Dieter Faul , Joachim Roser , Heinrich Hartmann , Hans-Henning Vogel , Wilhelmus Slotman , Gerd Konrad
IPC分类号： B01D17/04 , C08F220/26 , C08G63/676 , C08G65/332 , C09K8/36 , C10G33/04 , C08F8/00 , C08F8/14
CPC分类号： B01D17/047 , C08F220/26 , C08G63/676 , C08G65/3322 , C09K8/36 , C10G33/04 , C08G2650/20 , C08L2312/00
摘要： Reaction products which are suitable as demulsifiers for crude oil emulsions, comprise olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyetherols and are obtainable byA) condensation of one or more unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -carboxylic acids or their derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or carboxyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.1 together with the carboxyl group may form a 5-membered or 6-membered anhydride ring, with a polyetherol of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.4 is a radical of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol or of a phenol or of an alkylphenol of 7 to 30 carbon atoms or a radical of an alkylphenol/formaldehyde or alkylphenol/acetaldehyde condensate, R.sup.5 is a branched or straight-chain C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene group, where different units [R.sup.5 -O] may be present within a polyalkylene oxide chain, and X is an integer of from 5 to 120, in a molar ratio of compounds II to I of from 2:1 to 10:1 and in a weight ratio of from 25:1 to 1,000:1,B) polymerization of the resulting condensate with one or more unsaturated carboxylic acids I and, if required, further olefinically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the carboxylic acids I, the amount of the carboxylic acids I being from 50 to 100 mol %, based on the amount of the olefinically unsaturated monomers, and the molar ratio of the polyetherol II to the sum of the olefinically unsaturated monomers used in process steps A) and B) being from 1:5 to 1:200, and subsequentC) condensation of the resulting reaction mixture, with the proviso that not all hydroxyl groups are converted,and a process for their preparation, mixtures of the reaction products with organic solvents and the use of the reaction products and of the mixtures as demulsifiers for crude oil emulsions.
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公开(公告)号：US5507958A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-16
申请号：US391302
申请日：1995-02-21
IPC分类号： B01D17/02 , B01D17/038 , C10G33/00 , C10G33/04 , C10G33/06
摘要： A method for dehydrating a liquid/liquid production stream which is comprised of a heavy crude oil (i.e. about 30.degree. A.P.I. or less) and water which originally forms a water-in-oil emulsion wherein hydrocyclone is used as a primary separator to separate substantial amounts of the water from the stream. The stream is first treated without chemicals to sustantially alter of its characteristics by either (a) heating the stream to substantially reduce the viscosity of the heavy crude therein and/or (b) inverting the emulsion in the stream to an oil-in-water emulsion. Once the characteristics of the stream are so altered, the stream is passed through the primary hydrocyclone to separate out a significant amount (e.g. about 50% or more) of the water. The stream is then passed either to a second hydrocyclone or a stablization tower to separate additional water from the oil and bring it within shipping and/or sale specifications.
摘要翻译： 一种使原液形成油包水乳液的重质原油（即约30℃或更低）和水分的液/液生产流的脱水方法，其中使用水力旋流器作为主要分离器以分离大量 来自溪流的水量。 该物流首先经过化学品处理，以通过（a）加热该物流以显着降低其中粗重物质的粘度和/或（b）使该物流中的乳液转化为水包油，以维持其特性的改变 乳液。 一旦流的特征被如此改变，则该物流通过主旋流分离器以分离出大量（例如约50％或更多）的水。 然后将该流通到第二个水力旋流器或稳定塔，以从油中分离出额外的水，并将其带入运输和/或销售规格。
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97.发明授权Solution process for preparation hydrophobically functionalized cationic polymers (C-2691) 失效制备疏水官能化阳离子聚合物的溶液方法（C-2691）
公开(公告)号：US5362827A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-08
申请号：US919805
申请日：1992-07-27
申请人： Jan Bock , Paul L. Valint , Thomas J. Pacansky , Henry W. H. Yang
发明人： Jan Bock , Paul L. Valint , Thomas J. Pacansky , Henry W. H. Yang
IPC分类号： B01D17/04 , C08F2/10 , C08F4/04 , C08F220/18 , C08F220/34 , C08F220/56 , C08F220/60 , C08F226/04 , C10G33/04
CPC分类号： B01D17/047 , C08F220/18 , C08F220/34 , C08F220/56 , C08F220/60 , C08F226/04 , C10G33/04
摘要： This invention provides a process for preparing novel hydrophobically associating polymers containing cationic functionality which are useful for clean-up of waste waters containing organic contaminants. These water soluble polymers contain both water soluble and water insoluble monomers. The water soluble monomers are acrylamide (AM) and a salt of an unsaturated amine base (C), and the water insoluble monomer is a higher alkyl(meth)acrylamide or alkyl(meth)acrylate (R). These polymers are referred to as CRAM. The process relies on the dissolution of the water insoluble monomer(s) into an aqueous solution of water soluble monomers by means of a water miscible mutual cosolvent. The type and concentration of miscible solvents are chosen to produce a clear, uniform, homogeneous aqueous solution of the hydrophobic monomers in the presence of both nonionic and cationic water soluble monomers and, in addition, the reaction medium remains a clear, uniform, homogeneous mixture with no phase separation as the reaction proceeds to completion. Redox or free radical initiators are used to copolymerize both the water soluble and water insoluble monomers, forming terpolymers of ethylenically unsaturated amine base salts, alkyl(meth)acrylamides of alkyl(meth)acrylates and acrylamide. These polymers provide exceptional clean-up of waste waters containing organic contaminants. Also they are very effective for resolving oil-in-water emulsion, as such as those found in oil production.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种制备新颖的含有阳离子官能团的疏水缔合聚合物的方法，该方法可用于清除含有机污染物的废水。 这些水溶性聚合物含有水溶性和水不溶性单体。 水溶性单体是丙烯酰胺（AM）和不饱和胺碱（C）的盐，水不溶性单体是高级烷基（甲基）丙烯酰胺或（甲基）丙烯酸烷基酯（R）。 这些聚合物被称为CRAM。 该方法依赖于通过水混溶相互共溶剂将水不溶性单体溶解到水溶性单体的水溶液中。 选择混溶溶剂的类型和浓度以在非离子和阳离子水溶性单体存在下产生疏水单体的透明，均匀的均匀水溶液，此外，反应介质保持澄清均匀的均匀混合物 随着反应进行到完成，没有相分离。 氧化还原或自由基引发剂用于共聚水溶性和水不溶性单体，形成烯属不饱和胺碱盐的三元共聚物，（甲基）丙烯酸烷基酯（甲基）丙烯酸烷基酯（甲基）丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺。 这些聚合物可以清除含有机污染物的废水。 此外，它们非常有效地解决水包油乳液，如在石油生产中发现的那些。
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公开(公告)号：US5276247A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-04
申请号：US947391
申请日：1992-09-21
申请人： Fritz Engelhardt , Gerlinde Ebert , Werner Zschau
发明人： Fritz Engelhardt , Gerlinde Ebert , Werner Zschau
CPC分类号： C10G33/04
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for obtaining the hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon-rich gel based on an ionic surfactant by treatment of the gel with a laminar mineral.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过用层状矿物处理凝胶从基于离子表面活性剂的富烃凝胶中获得烃的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5248449A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US913504
申请日：1992-07-14
申请人： David B. Mitchell , Mark W. Salihar
发明人： David B. Mitchell , Mark W. Salihar
CPC分类号： C10G33/04 , B01D17/047 , C08L3/08
摘要： This invention relates to a novel method for breaking oil in water emulsions. More specifically, this invention relates to a cationic quarternary ammonium modified blend of a starch and a natural gum, which is effective at breaking oil in water emulsions.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种破坏水中乳化液的方法。 更具体地说，本发明涉及淀粉和天然树胶的阳离子季铵改性共混物，其有效地破坏水包油乳液。
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100.发明授权Method of breaking crude oil emulsions using ethylene carbonate adducts of alkylphenol-formaldehyde resins 失效使用烷基酚 - 甲醛树脂的碳酸亚乙酯加合物破碎原油乳液的方法
公开(公告)号：US5205964A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-27
申请号：US789521
申请日：1991-11-07
CPC分类号： C10G33/04 , B01D17/047 , C08G8/28 , Y10S507/921
摘要： A method of breaking crude oil emulsions using a water-in-oil emulsion breaker obtained by the reaction, in anhydrous conditions, for at least one hour, of an alkyl substituted phenol-formaldehyde polymer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R is a linear or branched alkyl group having from 4-20 carbon atoms, and wherein m and n are both independent integers, the sum of which is sufficient to achieve a molecular weight of at least 1000 and further that m, but not n, may be zero with (b) ethylene carbonate, said reaction being further accomplished in a common oleophilic solvent having a boiling point of at least 180.degree. C., the reaction further at a temperature of at least 160.degree. C. in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, said catalyst being present at a concentration, based on total weight of reactants a & b, of at least about 0.1 weight percent.
摘要翻译： 一种使用油包水型破乳剂破碎原油乳液的方法，其通过在无水条件下反应至少1小时得到具有以下结构的烷基取代的酚醛聚合物：其中 R是具有4-20个碳原子的直链或支链烷基，并且其中m和n都是独立的整数，其总和足以达到至少1000的分子量，而且m和n不是n， （b）碳酸亚乙酯可以为零，所述反应在沸点为至少180℃的普通亲油溶剂中进一步完成，反应在至少160℃的温度下，在 碱性催化剂，所述催化剂以基于反应物a＆b的总重量的至少约0.1重量％的浓度存在。
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