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公开(公告)号：US5474582A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-12
申请号：US284082
申请日：1994-08-01
申请人： Boleslaw Ignasiak , Wanda Pawlak , Kazimierz Szymocha , Yevgenia Briker , Loredana Caldiero , Antonio Vettor
发明人： Boleslaw Ignasiak , Wanda Pawlak , Kazimierz Szymocha , Yevgenia Briker , Loredana Caldiero , Antonio Vettor
CPC分类号： C10L1/326
摘要： A process for preparing a coal-water fuel from a low rank coal. The first step of the process provides for an aqueous slurry containing particles of the low rank coal. A quantity of an agglomerating agent in the range of about 10% to 30% weight to dry ash - free low rank coal weight is added to the slurry to produce a mixture. The mixture is then agitated to form agglomerates. Following separation of the agglomerates, the agglomerates are contacted with steam or an inert gas having a temperature in the range of about 250.degree. C. to 420.degree. C. at substantially atmospheric pressure to produce partially deoiled agglomerates containing less than about 7% by weight of residual bridging liquid and having a moisture capacity reduced by a factor of at least about 2.5 at a relative humidity of 96% compared to the moisture capacity of the low rank coal. A first amount of the partially deoiled agglomerates is then first wet milled in the presence of water and at least one anionic dispersant, wherein the concentration of the first amount of the partially deoiled agglomerates in water is about 35% to 55% by weight, to produce a micronized fraction of the first amount of the partially deoiled agglomerates having a maximum size of about 15 to 25 micrometers and an average diameter of about 4 to 10 micrometers. Finally, a combination of the micronized fraction of the first amount of the partially deoiled agglomerates and a second amount of the partially deoiled agglomerates is final wet milled in the presence of water, wherein the combination is comprised of about 20% to 50% by weight of the micronized fraction, to produce the coal-water fuel which contains solid particles having a maximum size of about 250 to 300 micrometers and an average diameter of about 15 to 30 micrometers. In a further embodiment, the process utilizes a paste in place of the agglomerates, the paste being formed by mixing particles of the low rank coal with a quantity of a bridging liquid.
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公开(公告)号：US5445656A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US121834
申请日：1993-09-16
申请人： Ernesto Marelli
发明人： Ernesto Marelli
摘要： The present invention relates to a fuel for reducing the noxiousness of exhaust gases, particularly for internal-combustion engines. The fuel has the peculiarity of comprising a mixture of a combustible fuel with 10 to 42% water by weight with respect to the combustible fuel, with the addition of a lubricating antifreeze activator in an amount comprised between 0.5 and 2% by weight of the amount of combustible fuel. The mixture is atomized and stabilized by means of a turbine transducer which provides an electro-magneto-mechanical action, subjecting the mixture, in succession, to positive-pressure actions alternated with negative-pressure actions at high frequency.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于减少排气特别是内燃机的危害性的燃料。 该燃料具有包含相对于可燃燃料的重量比为10至42％的可燃燃料的混合物的特性，加入的润滑防冻活化剂的量为所述量的0.5至2重量％ 的可燃燃料。 混合物通过涡轮传感器被雾化和稳定，该涡轮传感器提供电磁机械作用，使混合物连续地经受与高频下的负压作用交替的正压作用。
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公开(公告)号：US5411558A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-02
申请号：US112146
申请日：1993-08-26
申请人： Takao Taniguchi , Masanori Iizuka , Kazuo Isobe , Sayuri Tamaki , Shinichi Satake , Tadakazu Yamashita
发明人： Takao Taniguchi , Masanori Iizuka , Kazuo Isobe , Sayuri Tamaki , Shinichi Satake , Tadakazu Yamashita
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/328 , Y10S516/927
摘要： An oil-in-water type heavy oil emulsion fuel having a specific and broad particle size distribution which has a viscosity close to that of water, can be sufficiently atomized at a temperature of room temperature to 90.degree. C., is excellent in the handleability and fluidity, despite a very high heavy oil concentration, and has a very excellent stability such that neither precipitation nor increase in the viscosity occurs even after storage for a long period of time is prepared according to the present invention. Oil-in-water type heavy oil emulsion fuel according to the present invention can be used as a substitute fuel for heavy fuel oil without modification of the boilers. Further, the combustion efficiency of the heavy oil emulsion fuel according to the present invention is high and it is possible to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides after combustion.
摘要翻译： 具有与水接近的粘度的特定且宽的粒度分布的水包油型重油乳化燃料可以在室温至90℃的温度下充分雾化，处理性优异 和流动性，尽管重油浓度非常高，并且具有非常优异的稳定性，使得即使在根据本发明制备长时间的保存后也不会发生沉淀或增加粘度。 根据本发明的水包油型重油乳化燃料可用作重质燃料油的替代燃料，而不改变锅炉。 此外，根据本发明的重油乳化燃料的燃烧效率高，并且可以减少燃烧后的氮氧化物和硫氧化物的量。
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公开(公告)号：US5380343A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US11730
申请日：1993-02-01
申请人： Herbert F. Hunter
发明人： Herbert F. Hunter
摘要： Improved microemulsion fuels are prepared from about 70-99% alcohol-fatty acid esters, about 1-30% alcohol and less than 1% alkali metal soap.
摘要翻译： 改进的微乳液燃料由约70-99％的醇 - 脂肪酸酯，约1-30％的醇和少于1％的碱金属皂制备。
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公开(公告)号：US5316664A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US965196
申请日：1992-10-23
CPC分类号： B01F3/0811 , B01F3/088 , B01F5/0616 , B01F5/0617 , B01J19/2415 , B01J19/2425 , C10L1/326 , C10L1/328 , F17D3/05 , B01F13/1025 , B01J2219/00114 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/00166 , B01J2219/00168 , B01J2219/00177 , B01J2219/00186
摘要： A process suitable for operation at a mine site for recovering a hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon bearing sand comprising the steps of mixing a chemical additive with a chemical composition and with a hydrocarbon bearing sand containing hydrocarbon and residual solids including clay, at a temperature to form a slurry. The chemical composition comprises an aqueous phase and a minor amount of a chemical agent selected from the group consisting of at least one ethoxylated alkylphenol compound, at least one ethoxylated dialkylphenol compound, MIBC, SC-177, Petronate HL, Calcium Lignosulfonate, NaOH and mixtures thereof. The slurry is conditioned and aerated to produce essentially sludge-free tailings and a mixture of hydrocarbon, aqueous phase and residual solids including clay. The process further comprises the step of separating in a short-residence time apparatus the mixture of the hydrocarbon, the aqueous phase and the residual solids including clay from the essentially sludge-free tailings.
摘要翻译： 一种适于在矿区操作以从含烃砂中回收烃的方法，包括以下步骤：在化学组成下混合化学添加剂和含烃的含烃砂和包含粘土的残余固体，以形成 泥浆。 化学组成包括水相和少量选自至少一种乙氧基化烷基酚化合物，至少一种乙氧基化二烷基酚化合物，MIBC，SC-177，石油醚HL，木质素磺酸钙，NaOH和混合物的化学试剂 其中。 将浆料调节并充气以产生基本上无污泥的尾渣和烃，水相和包括粘土的残余固体的混合物。 该方法还包括在短停留时间装置中分离烃，水相和残留固体（包括基本上无污泥尾矿的粘土）的混合物的步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US5288295A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US15261
申请日：1993-02-08
申请人： Ron Hypes , Peter Morton
发明人： Ron Hypes , Peter Morton
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/324
摘要： A fuel comprised of liquid and solid refinery waste streams is described. The fuel is a blend of a heavy paraffinic oil, an emulsified waste oil, water and solids. The fuel is blended both to achieve a viscosity which enables the fuel to be pumped, and to obtain the required fuel value for burning in a cement kiln while simultaneously having a high solids content. The amount of the heavy paraffinic oil present in the final fuel is related to the ambient temperature at which the fuel is to be pumped, stored and consumed. Typically, the higher the ambient temperature the more heavy paraffinic oil that can be used in the fuel blend.
摘要翻译： 描述了由液体和固体炼油厂废物流组成的燃料。 燃料是重石蜡油，乳化废油，水和固体的混合物。 将燃料混合以实现使得能够泵送燃料的粘度，并获得在水泥窑中燃烧所需的燃料值，同时具有高固体含量。 存在于最终燃料中的重链烷烃油的量与要泵送，储存和消耗燃料的环境温度有关。 通常，环境温度越高，燃料混合物中可以使用的重链烷烃油越多。
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公开(公告)号：US5211724A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-18
申请号：US685339
申请日：1991-04-15
IPC分类号： C02F11/06 , C01B3/36 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/38 , C02F11/00 , C02F11/10 , C02F11/12 , C10J3/46 , C10L1/32 , C10L5/46 , C10L7/00
CPC分类号： C02F11/123 , C01B3/36 , C02F1/048 , C02F11/10 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/101 , C10L5/46 , C10J2300/0926 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/165 , C10J2300/1656 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1846 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02P20/145 , Y02W10/40 , Y10S48/07
摘要： An improved process for the low-cost disposal of noxious sewage sludge in a safe way without polluting the environment. In the process, sewage sludge having a solids content of about 0.5 to 20 wt.% is concentrated by pressing in a belt filter press, optionally followed by pressing in a high intensity press. It was unexpectedly found that the morphology of the resulting dewatered sewage sludge is changed by such mechanical treatment so that slurries with higher concentrations of solids are achieved. The dewatered sewage sludge is heated, flash evaporated and/or centrifuged, and mixed with a supplemental fuel e.g., liquid hydrocarbonaceous and/or solid carbonaceous fuel to produce a pumpable fuel slurry having a total solids content in the range of about 50 to 70 wt.% and comprising about 10 to 40 wt.% dewatered sewage sludge and having a higher heating value in the range of about 5,000 to 14,000 BTU/Lb. The fuel slurry may be reacted by partial oxidation in a conventional gasifier to produce synthesis gas and/or fuel gas. The thermal energy in hot byproduct steam and flue gas streams are used to heat the dewatered sewage sludge. In one embodiment, the pumpable slurry of dewatered sewage sludge and supplemental fuel is burned by complete combustion in a furnace or incinerator for the production of steam.
摘要翻译： 以安全的方式低成本处置有害污水污泥而不污染环境的改进措施。 在此过程中，固体含量约为0.5-20重量％的污水污泥通过在带式压滤机中压制而浓缩，任选地在高强度压榨机中压制。 意外地发现，通过这种机械处理改变得到的脱水污水污泥的形态，从而实现具有较高浓度固体的浆料。 脱水的污水污泥被加热，闪蒸和/或离心，并与补充燃料例如液体含烃和/或固体碳质燃料混合以产生总固含量在约50-70重量％范围内的可泵送燃料浆料 ％，并且包含约10至40重量％的脱水污水污泥，并且具有在约5,000至14,000BTU / Lb范围内的较高热值。 燃料浆料可以在常规气化器中通过部分氧化反应以产生合成气和/或燃料气体。 热副产物蒸汽和烟气流中的热能用于加热脱水污水污泥。 在一个实施方案中，脱水污水污泥和补充燃料的可泵送浆料通过在用于生产蒸汽的炉子或焚化炉中完全燃烧而燃烧。
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公开(公告)号：US5211723A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-18
申请号：US762205
申请日：1991-09-19
申请人： Motasimur R. Khan
发明人： Motasimur R. Khan
CPC分类号： C10L1/324 , C02F11/10 , C02F11/12 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/466 , C10K1/002 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/005 , C10K1/02 , C10L1/322 , F23G7/001 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0923 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/169 , C10J2300/1846 , Y02W10/40 , Y10S48/07
摘要： This invention relates to a novel pumpable sewage sludge fuel and process for burning it. An aqueous slurry of sewage sludge is dewatered and dried to a solids content in the range of about 50 to 99 wt. % in a drying zone in the absence of free-oxygen containing gas but while in contact with a gaseous material selected from the group consisting of N.sub.2, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2, CO, and mixtures thereof. The dried sewage sludge is mixed with a supplementary fuel from the group consisting of solid carbonaceous fuel, liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, mixtures thereof, and optionally with water to produce a pumpable slurry fuel feedstream having a solids content in the range of about 50 to 65 wt. % and a higher heating value of at least about 6,000 Btu/lb. The slurry fuel feedstream may be burned in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种新型可泵送污水污泥燃料及其燃烧方法。 将污水污泥的含水浆料脱水并干燥至约50至99重量％的固体含量。 在不含游离氧的气体的情况下，在干燥区中，但是与选自N 2，CO 2，H 2，CO及其混合物的气态物质接触。 干燥的污水污泥与来自由固体碳质燃料，液体烃类燃料，其混合物和任选地与水组成的组的补充燃料混合，以产生固体含量范围为约50至65重量％的可泵送浆料燃料原料流 。 ％和更高的热值至少约6,000Btu / lb。 浆料燃料进料流可以在部分氧化气化器，炉，锅炉或焚烧炉中燃烧。
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100.发明授权Stable, single-phased solutions of water-in-oil microemulsions derived from crude oil and allied products and which contain microorganisms and/or parts thereof 失效稳定的单因素方法来自原油和联产品以及含有微生物和/或其部分的油 - 微油
公开(公告)号：US5196129A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-23
申请号：US550573
申请日：1990-07-10
申请人： Pier L. Luisi
发明人： Pier L. Luisi
IPC分类号： C12N1/00 , B01F17/00 , C10G32/00 , C10L1/32 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/06 , C12R1/19 , C12R1/38 , C12R1/72 , C12R1/865
CPC分类号： C10L1/328
摘要： Stable, single-phased solutions of water-in-oil microemulsions which contain microorganisms and/or parts thereof are described. They are obtained by adding to crude oil and/or at least one product of the refining of same an aqueous concentrated solution of microorganisms and/or parts thereof, in such a way that said aqueous solution is solubilized in crude oil or the refined product and that the blend thus obtained has the form of a stable, single-phased solution.
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