公开(公告)号：US20150346528A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-03

申请号：US14494498

申请日：2014-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Cheng Chen ,  Lei Zhao ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih-Chang Chang ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

IPC: G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/13624 ,  G02F1/134363 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/136213 ,  G02F1/136277 ,  G02F1/1368

Abstract: A liquid crystal display may have a layer of liquid crystal material. The display may have an array of display pixel circuits. The display pixel circuits may each include a display pixel electrode that applies electric fields to a corresponding portion of the liquid crystal material. Thin-film transistor circuitry and other structures in the display pixels may control operation of the display pixels circuits. The thin-film transistor circuitry may be configured to handle operation of the display at multiple refresh rates. To accommodate multiple refresh rates, each pixel circuit may include a pair of transistors. A first transistor is used to apply data signals from a data line to the display pixel electrode. A storage capacitor is used to maintain the data signal on the electrode. The second transistor may be used to adjust the capacitance of the storage capacitor depending on the refresh rate of the display.

Abstract translation: 液晶显示器可以具有液晶材料层。 显示器可以具有显示像素电路的阵列。 显示像素电路可以各自包括将电场施加到液晶材料的对应部分的显示像素电极。 显示像素中的薄膜晶体管电路和其他结构可以控制显示像素电路的操作。 薄膜晶体管电路可以被配置为以多个刷新速率处理显示器的操作。 为了适应多个刷新率，每个像素电路可以包括一对晶体管。 第一晶体管用于将数据信号从数据线施加到显示像素电极。 使用存储电容器来维持电极上的数据信号。 第二晶体管可以用于根据显示器的刷新率来调整存储电容器的电容。

公开(公告)号：US20150248033A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-03

申请号：US14684758

申请日：2015-04-13

Applicant: Apple, Inc.

Inventor： Xinyu Zhu ,  Jun Qi ,  Meizi Jiao ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Wei Chen ,  Ming Xu ,  Cheng Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02B6/0053 ,  G02B6/0073 ,  G02F1/133504 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  G02F2413/01

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. The display may include a liquid crystal display module and a reflective polarizer having an in-plane optical axis. The display may also include a backlight unit that includes a light source, a light guide element, and a reflector film coupled to a backside of the light guide element. The display may also include a light retardation layer such as a quarter wave film. The quarter wave film may be arranged between the reflective polarizer and the reflector film of the backlight unit. Partially polarized light that is output from a front side of the light guide element may have a first component parallel to the in-plane optical axis and a second component perpendicular to the in-plane optical axis of the reflective polarizer. The second component may be reflected from the reflective polarizer.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有安装在壳体中的显示器。 显示器可以包括液晶显示模块和具有面内光轴的反射偏振器。 显示器还可以包括背光单元，其包括光源，导光元件和耦合到导光元件的背面的反射膜。 显示器还可以包括诸如四分之一波片的光延迟层。 四分之一波片可以布置在反射偏振器和背光单元的反射膜之间。 从导光元件的前侧输出的部分偏振光可以具有平行于面内光轴的第一分量和垂直于反射型偏振器的平面内光轴的第二分量。 第二组分可以从反射偏振器反射。

公开(公告)号：US20150198834A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-16

申请号：US14502199

申请日：2014-09-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jiaying Wu ,  Wei Chen ,  Cheng Chen ,  William Mathews Riedel ,  Jun Qi ,  John Z. Zhong ,  Gabriel Marcu

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/1336 ,  G02F1/13471 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133614 ,  G02F2413/13 ,  G02F2413/14

Abstract: A display may have a first stage such as a color liquid crystal display stage and a second stage such as a monochromatic liquid crystal display stage that are coupled in tandem so that light from a backlight passes through both stages. The dynamic range of the display may be enhanced by using the second stage to perform local dimming operations. The pixel pitch of the second stage may be greater than the pixel pitch of the first stage to ease alignment tolerances and reduce image processing complexity. The color stage and monochromatic stages may share a polarizer. A color filter in the color stage may have an array of red, green, and blue elements or an array of white, red, green, and blue elements. The color stage may be a fringe field display and the monochrome stage may be an in-plane switching display or a twisted nematic stage.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有第一级，例如彩色液晶显示级和第二级，例如单色液晶显示级，其串联耦合，使得来自背光的光通过两级。 可以通过使用第二级来执行局部调光操作来增强显示器的动态范围。 第二级的像素间距可以大于第一级的像素间距，以减轻对准公差并降低图像处理的复杂性。 彩色舞台和单色舞台可以共享偏振器。 彩色舞台中的彩色滤光片可以具有红色，绿色和蓝色元素的阵列或白色，红色，绿色和蓝色元素的阵列。 彩色舞台可以是边缘场显示，并且单色舞台可以是平面内切换显示或扭曲向列舞台。

公开(公告)号：US20150177562A1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-25

申请号：US14137383

申请日：2013-12-20

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Nicholas C. Buchanan ,  Brian H. Thornton ,  Cheng Chen ,  Craig S. Gilden ,  Jun Qi ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02B1/11 ,  G02B5/30

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02B1/111 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B5/3033 ,  G02B5/305

Abstract: A display polarizer may have a polymer layer such as a polyvinyl alcohol layer coated with a dichroic dye such as iodine. A polymer layer such as a tri-acetyl cellulose layer may be formed on the polyvinyl alcohol layer so that the iodine is interposed between the polyvinyl alcohol layer and the tri-acetyl cellulose layer. To provide protection for the iodine layer, an additional polymer layer such as an additional tri-acetyl cellulose layer and a layer of adhesive may be formed on top of the polymer layer. A functional layer such as an antireflection layer may form an outermost layer in the polarizer. Compensation films may be formed beneath the polyvinyl alcohol layer. Additional display layers such as a lower polarizer layer and interposed layers such as a thin-film transistor layer, liquid crystal layer, and color filter layer may be formed below the compensation films.

Abstract translation: 显示器偏振器可以具有聚合物层，例如涂覆有二色性染料如碘的聚乙烯醇层。 可以在聚乙烯醇层上形成聚合物层，例如三乙酰纤维素层，以使碘介于聚乙烯醇层和三乙酰纤维素层之间。 为了提供对碘层的保护，可以在聚合物层的顶部上形成另外的聚合物层，例如另外的三乙酰纤维素层和粘合剂层。 诸如抗反射层的功能层可以在偏振器中形成最外层。 补偿膜可以形成在聚乙烯醇层之下。 可以在补偿膜的下方形成附加的显示层，例如下偏振器层和诸如薄膜晶体管层，液晶层和滤色器层的插入层。

公开(公告)号：US20150002563A1

公开(公告)日：2015-01-01

申请号：US13927521

申请日：2013-06-26

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Chen ,  Nicholas A. Rundle

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G09G3/36

CPC classification number: G09G3/36 ,  G02B6/0061 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2001/133601 ,  G09G3/3406 ,  G09G2310/0232 ,  G09G2320/0238

Abstract: An electronic device is provided with a display such as a liquid crystal display. The display includes a display module having an array of display pixels and a backlight unit configured to provide backlight to the array of display pixels. The array of display pixels includes display pixels in a central region surrounded by display pixels in a border region. To minimize light leakage from the display, display control circuitry drives the display pixels in the central region according to a first gray level mapping function and drives the display pixels in the border region according to a second gray level mapping function. Light leakage reduction structures may be used to reduce the intensity of backlight received by display pixels in the border region relative to the intensity of backlight received by display pixels in the central region.

Abstract translation: 电子设备设置有诸如液晶显示器的显示器。 显示器包括具有显示像素阵列的显示模块和被配置为向显示像素阵列提供背光的背光单元。 显示像素阵列包括由边界区域中的显示像素包围的中心区域中的显示像素。 为了最小化来自显示器的光泄漏，显示控制电路根据第一灰度级映射功能驱动中央区域中的显示像素，并根据第二灰度映射功能驱动边界区域中的显示像素。 可以使用漏光减少结构来降低边界区域中的显示像素相对于中央区域中的显示像素接收的背光的强度所接收的背光的强度。

公开(公告)号：US20140152943A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-05

申请号：US13690304

申请日：2012-11-30

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Masato Kuwabara ,  Cheng Chen ,  Wei Chen ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  H05B33/22

CPC classification number: H05B33/22 ,  G02F1/133502 ,  G02F2202/22

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display such as a liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display may have a color filter layer, a thin-film-transistor layer, and a layer of liquid crystal material between the color filter layer and the thin-film-transistor layer. A lower polarizer may be formed under the thin-film-transistor layer. An upper polarizer may be formed on the color filter layer. A shielding antireflection layer may be formed on the upper polarizer. The shielding antireflection layer may serve both as a shielding layer that protects against display damage due to electrostatic charge and as an antireflection coating that helps to minimize reflections from the surface of the display. The shielding antireflection layer may include low and high index of refraction layers and a conductive layer such as a transparent conductive oxide layer that provides shielding.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有诸如液晶显示器的显示器。 液晶显示器可以在滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间具有滤色器层，薄膜晶体管层和液晶材料层。 可以在薄膜 - 晶体管层下面形成下偏振器。 可以在滤色器层上形成上偏振器。 屏蔽抗反射层可以形成在上偏振器上。 屏蔽抗反射层可以用作防止由于静电荷引起的显示损坏的屏蔽层和用作有助于最小化从显示器表面的反射的抗反射涂层。 屏蔽抗反射层可以包括低和高的折射率折射率层和导电层，例如提供屏蔽的透明导电氧化物层。

公开(公告)号：US20140152703A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-05

申请号：US13693989

申请日：2012-12-04

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Young Cheol Yang ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: G09G5/10 ,  F21V9/14

CPC classification number: G09G5/10 ,  F21V9/14 ,  G09G3/001 ,  G09G3/3208 ,  G09G2300/023 ,  G09G2320/0238 ,  G09G2360/144 ,  H01L51/5281

Abstract: An electronic device display may have an organic light-emitting diode layer that emits light to form images for a user. Reflective structures such as metal signal lines may be present in the organic light-emitting diode layer. Ambient light reflections from the metal signal lines may be suppressed using a circular polarizer on the organic light-emitting diode layer. To increase light emission efficiency from the organic light-emitting diode display layer under low ambient light conditions in which ambient light reflections are not significant, the polarization efficiency of the circular polarizer may be reduced. Control circuitry may make measurements of ambient light intensity using an ambient light sensor and can control the polarization efficiency of the circular polarizer accordingly by applying adjustable amounts of light or electric field. Polarization efficiency may also be adjusted using a photosensitive polarizer material that responds directly to changes in ambient light level.

Abstract translation: 电子设备显示器可以具有发射光以形成用户的图像的有机发光二极管层。 诸如金属信号线的反射结构可以存在于有机发光二极管层中。 可以使用有机发光二极管层上的圆偏振器来抑制来自金属信号线的环境光反射。 为了在环境光反射不显着的低环境光条件下提高有机发光二极管显示层的发光效率，可以减小圆偏振器的偏振效率。 控制电路可以使用环境光传感器来测量环境光强度，并且可以通过应用可调量的光或电场来控制圆偏振器的偏振效率。 也可以使用直接响应环境光水平变化的光敏偏振器材料来调节极化效率。

公开(公告)号：US20140085556A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-27

申请号：US13628811

申请日：2012-09-27

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Victor H. Yin ,  Jun Qi ,  Dinesh C. Mathew ,  Shih-Chang Chang ,  Cheng Chen ,  John Z. Zhong ,  Wei Chen ,  Adam T. Garelli ,  Bryan W. Posner ,  Christiaan A. Ligtenberg

IPC: G02F1/136

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/136209 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2001/133541 ,  G02F2001/133562

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display that has a layer of liquid crystal material interposed between a color filter layer and a thin-film-transistor layer. The thin-film-transistor layer may have a substrate with an upper surface and a lower surface. A circular polarizer may be formed on the upper surface. Thin-film transistor circuitry such as gate driver circuitry may be formed on the lower surface. A display driver circuit may be mounted on an inactive border region of the lower surface of the thin-film transistor substrate. Display pixels may form an array in a central active region of the display. A grid of metal gate and data lines may distribute signals from the display driver circuit and gate driver circuitry to the display pixels. A grid of non-reflecting lines may be interposed between the grid of metal lines and the lower surface.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有具有介于滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间的液晶材料层的显示器。 薄膜晶体管层可以具有具有上表面和下表面的基板。 可以在上表面上形成圆偏振器。 诸如栅极驱动器电路的薄膜晶体管电路可以形成在下表面上。 显示驱动器电路可以安装在薄膜晶体管基板的下表面的无效边界区域上。 显示像素可以在显示器的中心活动区域中形成阵列。 金属栅极和数据线的栅格可以将信号从显示驱动器电路和栅极驱动器电路分配到显示像素。 非反射线的网格可以插入金属线格栅和下表面之间。

公开(公告)号：US20130147774A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-13

申请号：US13762276

申请日：2013-02-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Ho Yu ,  Ming Xu ,  Young Bae Park ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Daisuke Nozu ,  Cheng Chen ,  Abbas Jamshidi Roudbari ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Shawn R. Gettemy

IPC: G09G3/18

CPC classification number: G09G3/18 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F2001/134318 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G3/3655 ,  G09G2300/043 ,  G09G2310/0224 ,  G09G2310/0283 ,  G09G2320/0209

Abstract: Display ground plane structures may contain slits. Image pixel electrodes in the display may be arranged in rows and columns. Image pixels in the display may be controlled using gate lines that are associated with the rows and data lines that are associated with the columns. An electric field may be produced by each image pixel electrode that extends through a liquid crystal layer to an associated portion of the ground plane. The slits in the ground plane may have a slit width. Data lines may be located sufficiently below the ground plane and sufficiently out of alignment with the slits to minimize crosstalk from parasitic electric fields. A three-column inversion scheme may be used when driving data line signals into the display, so that pairs of pixels that straddle the slits are each driven with a common polarity. Gate line scanning patterns may be used that enhance display uniformity.

Abstract translation: 显示接地平面结构可能包含狭缝。 显示器中的图像像素电极可以以行和列布置。 可以使用与与列相关联的行和数据行相关联的门线来控制显示器中的图像像素。 可以通过延伸穿过液晶层的每个图像像素电极产生电场到接地平面的相关部分。 接地平面中的狭缝可以具有狭缝宽度。 数据线可以充分地位于接地平面的下方，并且与狭缝充分地不对齐，以使来自寄生电场的串扰最小化。 当将数据线信号驱动到显示器中时，可以使用三列反转方案，使得跨越狭缝的像素对各自以共同的极性驱动。 可以使用增强显示均匀性的栅极线扫描图案。

公开(公告)号：US12108632B2

公开(公告)日：2024-10-01

申请号：US18193999

申请日：2023-03-31

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jaein Choi ,  Hairong Tang ,  Gloria Wong ,  Sunggu Kang ,  Younggu Lee ,  Gwanwoo Park ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Andrew Lin ,  Cheuk Chi Lo ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Michael Slootsky ,  Rui Liu ,  Wendi Chang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Yusuke Fujino

IPC: H10K59/122 ,  H10K50/19

CPC classification number: H10K59/122 ,  H10K50/19

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode pixels that each have OLED layers interposed between a cathode and an anode. Voltage may be applied to the anode of each pixel to control the magnitude of emitted light. The conductivity of the OLED layers may allow leakage current to pass between neighboring anodes in the display. To reduce leakage current and the accompanying cross-talk in a display, the pixel definition layer may disrupt continuity of the OLED layers. The pixel definition layer may have an undercut to disrupt continuity of some but not all of the OLED layers. The undercut may be defined by three discrete portions of the pixel definition layer. The undercut may result in a void that is interposed between different portions of the OLED layers to break a leakage path formed by the OLED layers.