摘要:
This invention is an instrument adaptable for integration into a process tool the combines a number of instruments for surface characterization. As an integrated process monitor, the invention is capable of monitoring surface dishing, surface erosion and thickness of residue layers on work-pieces with little time delay. The invention is adaptable to making measurements while a wafer or work-piece is either wet or dry. A preferred embodiment includes an integrated optical profiler adapted to surface profiling in the presence of optical interference arising from retro-reflections from underlying optical non-uniformities. Alternate embodiments include an integrated stylus profiler with vibration isolation.
摘要:
A pneumatic suspension system comprising: a pneumatic suspension bellows made of an elastomeric material which encloses an air chamber whose volume varies, with an embedded strengthening support; a pressure reservoir having an outer diameter on which one end of the pneumatic suspension bellows is fastened by a clamping ring; and a pneumatic suspension piston having an outer diameter on which the other end of the pneumatic suspension bellows is also fastened by a clamping ring, and having a roll-off piston on whose outer wall the pneumatic suspension bellows can roll off while forming a first rolling fold. The pressure reservoir has a contoured roll-off surface outside of the first fastening area. The roll-off surface is provided for a second rolling fold which rests against the roll-off surface and can roll off in a limited manner compared to the first rolling fold.
摘要:
In a transmission method for variable parameters from loaded vehicle wheels, wherein energy is transmitted to a secondary coil (5) mounted concentrically on a wheel during varying excitation by a primary coil (2) integral with a vehicle, and an information signal, which is a function of the output signal of a sensor, is fed back from this secondary coil to a receiving coil integral with the vehicle, the primary coil (2) itself serves as the receiving coil. The information signal can be temperature-compensated, and compared in an evaluation circuit with a set value which is modified in accordance with various pressure-related parameters.
摘要:
In the locked position of the central locking mechanism the locking bolt can be elastically displaced when a still opened drawer is being closed. In the unlocked position of the central locking mechanism, the locking bolt is swivelled into the blocking position when a drawer is being opened and swivelled back into the release position when the drawer is being closed.
摘要:
A method, apparatus, and computer program for modeling mathematically an effect of a plurality of factors on signal distortion caused by a non-linear amplifier are provided. First, there is computed a global model which incorporates a combined effect of the plurality of factors on signal distortion caused by the non-linear amplifier. Before applying the pre-distorted transmission signal to the non-linear amplifier, a transmission signal is pre-distorted with coefficients derived from the global model thus compensating for the signal distortion caused by the non-linear amplifier.
摘要:
A hand machine tool includes a tool retainer that retains a tool, a motor that drives the tool retainer in a rotary motion, and a torque-controlled sliding clutch that is connected in a drivetrain between the motor and the tool retainer. The sliding clutch includes a first clutch disk, a second clutch disk, a spring and a controlling unit which can be activated manually. The second clutch disk is arranged displaceably alongside an axis limited by a stop in the direction toward the first clutch disk. Force is applied to the second clutch disk by the spring alongside the axis in the direction toward the first clutch disk. The manually activated controlling unit variably sets an axial distance between the first clutch disk and the stop, with which an engagement depth of the first clutch disk with the second clutch disk can be defined.
摘要:
A prosthetic ankle assembly including an astragalar component with an upper articular surface that forms part of an ankle joint prosthesis and a lower surface with a shape adapted to engage an upper face of an astragalus. An astragalocalcanean rod is positioned in an astragalocalcanean channel extending from the lower face of the calcaneus to the upper surface of the astragalus. A first end of the astragalocalcanean rod is engage with the lower surface of the astragalar component and a second end of the astragalocalcanean rod is engaged with a lower region of the calcaneus. A distance between the second end of the astragalocalcanean rod is adjustable relative to the lower surface of the astragalar component to adjustably compress the calcaneus against the astragalus.
摘要:
The invention relates to means and methods for preparing aqueous composition comprising aluminium and a protein said composition comprising less than 700 ppm heavy metal on the basis of weight with respect to the aluminium content. The invention further relates to aqueous compositions comprising a protein and an aluminium-salt, said composition comprising less than 350 ppb heavy metal based on the weight of the aqueous composition.
摘要:
The present invention disclosed relates to a flexible electrical outlet strip that is comprised of a series of electric receptacles joined by independent ball and socket modules. Each ball and socket module is electrically interconnected with the power source and capable of rotating 360 degrees while maintaining electrical continuity. Each ball and socket connection also provides up to 60 degrees of pivotal movement at each socket joint. A fixed single-axis pivotal hinge joins receptacles 1, 2, 3 to 4, 5, 6 increasing mobility and possible outlet configurations. Combined, these characteristics will enable each electric receptacle to be positioned in a unique configuration to accommodate bulky and odd-shaped plugs and power adapters, conform into flexible shapes and designs for space constrained areas, hang or wrap around objects, and assist with cord management.
摘要:
The invention relates to the field of home networks, in particular to the connection of two home networks of different types via a gateway. The network appliances in the network of the first type are also intended to be able to control the network appliances in the network of the second type, and vice versa. One problem that occurs when carrying out conversion processes on control messages is that an input parameter which is known in the network of the first type can be changed as required and can also be signaled further within this network, but the associated correspondence in the network of the second type is permanently set, and accordingly cannot be changed. The invention provides a way in which an input parameter such as this can nevertheless be likewise updated in the network of the second type.