公开(公告)号：US06464953B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-15

申请号：US09308538

申请日：1999-01-28

Applicant: Pierre Macaudiere ,  Thierry Seguelong

Inventor： Pierre Macaudiere ,  Thierry Seguelong

IPC: C01F1700

CPC classification number: G01N27/4073 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01F17/0025 ,  C01G15/00 ,  C01G15/006 ,  C01P2002/34 ,  C04B35/44 ,  H01M8/124 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the LaMO3 type, M being aluminum, gallium or indium, in the form of a powder or in sintered form, its process of preparation and its use as an oxygen conductor. The compound in powder form is capable of achieving, by pressureless sintering, a density of at least 93% of the theoretical density and of giving a sintered compound substantially free of any electrically active secondary phase of the grain boundaries. The compound in powder form is obtained by the reaction of the salts of lanthanum and of the element M with a base, and then the separation and calcining of the precipitate obtained. It may also be obtained by mixing, in a liquid medium, salts of lanthanum, and of the element M and, optionally, of a base, and then spray-drying and calcining the precipitate obtained. The sintered compound may be used in any application requiring an oxygen-conducting material in oxide form, such as solid-oxide fuel cells.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及LaMO3型的化合物，M为铝，镓或铟，为粉末形式或烧结形式，其制备方法及其用作氧导体。 粉末形式的化合物能够通过无压烧结获得理论密度的至少93％的密度，并且给出基本上不含任何电活性的晶界二次相的烧结组合物。 粉末形式的化合物是通过镧和元素M与碱的反应而获得的，然后分离和煅烧沉淀物。 还可以通过在液体介质中混合镧，元素M和任选的碱的盐，然后将所得沉淀物喷雾干燥和煅烧来获得。 烧结的化合物可以用于需要氧化物形式的导电材料的任何应用，例如固体氧化物燃料电池。

公开(公告)号：US20020039548A1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-04

申请号：US10011785

申请日：2001-12-11

Applicant: SHUZO MATSUMURA, THE JAPAN STEEL WORKS, LTD.

Inventor： Shuzo Matsumura ,  Masaji Yoneta ,  Rokuro Denda ,  Yoshito Umeda ,  Masao Hattori ,  Satoshi Hagi ,  Jun Funakoshi ,  Akira Kosaka

IPC: C07C004/02 ,  C10G009/14 ,  B01J012/00

CPC classification number: C10G9/38 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/005 ,  B01J19/2425 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  C01B3/24 ,  C01B3/34

Abstract: A hydrocarbon gas to be decomposed, optionally mixed with water vapor, is allowed to flow through the gap between various porous tubes 4 constituting a group of porous tubes provided extending vertically in a decomposition reaction column 1 while air or oxygen is jetted homogeneously from the interior to the exterior of the porous tubes in the direction perpendicular to the stream of the hydrocarbon gas to be decomposed, optionally mixed with water vapor. The mixture is then ignited to form a diffusion flame layer B on the outer surface of the porous tubes 4. With the diffusion flame layer as a heat source, the hydrocarbon gas to be decomposed, optionally mixed with water vapor, undergoes pyrolysis.

Abstract translation: 允许分解的烃气体，任选地与水蒸气混合，流过构成在分解反应塔1中垂直延伸的多孔管组的各种多孔管4之间的间隙，同时从内部均匀地喷射空气或氧气 在垂直于待分解的烃气体的方向上的多孔管的外部，任选地与水蒸气混合。 然后将混合物点燃以在多孔管4的外表面上形成扩散火焰层B.以扩散火焰层作为热源，待分解的烃气体（任选地与水蒸汽混合）经历热解。

公开(公告)号：US06245309B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

申请号：US09331746

申请日：1999-06-24

Applicant: Claude Etievant ,  Mustapha Roshd

Inventor： Claude Etievant ,  Mustapha Roshd

IPC: C01B324

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/002 ,  B01J19/088 ,  C01B3/0094 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  H05H1/46 ,  H05H2001/463 ,  Y02E60/324

Abstract: One of these devices comprises: a reaction with cold plasma (10b), for producing the reforming of a primary mixture consisting of fuel gas (hydrocarbon or alcohol), as well as oxygen and/or water vapor, thus producing a secondary mixture containing in particular hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide; an intake piece (18) for mixing these constituents, co-operating with a burner (42) and an associated combustion chamber (40) to bring the resulting primary mixture to a high temperature, before it is introduced into the reaction chamber (10a); a ring-shaped chimney (48) enclosing this chamber for maintaining it at a relatively high temperature; a high frequency alternating high voltage source (58), modulated by brief periodical low frequency pulses and electrodes (62-66) for generating silent discharges, in the reaction chamber (10b) thus generating a cold plasma producing a high chemical reactivity to the gas mixture present; a membrane (12) with high selective permeability for extracting the nascent hydrogen, arranged between the chamber (10b) and a chamber for collecting the hydrogen (14); a thermal insulating sheath (50) enclosing the whole set. The invention is applicable to PEM type fuel cells, fitted on electric vehicles or on portable generator set.

Abstract translation: 这些装置之一包括：与冷等离子体（10b）的反应，用于产生由燃料气体（烃或醇）组成的初级混合物以及氧气和/或水蒸气的重整，从而产生含有 特定的氢气，二氧化碳和一氧化碳; 用于混合这些成分的进料件（18），在被引入反应室（10a）之前与燃烧器（42）和相关联的燃烧室（40）配合以使得到的初级混合物达到高温， ; 围绕该室的环形烟囱（48），用于将其保持在较高的温度; 在反应室（10b）中产生用于产生无声放电的短周期低频脉冲和电极（62-66）调制的高频交流高压源（58），从而产生冷等离子体，产生对气体的高化学反应性 混合物存在 设置在室（10b）和用于收集氢气的室（14）之间的用于提取初生氢的具有高选择性渗透性的膜（12）。 封闭整套的隔热护套（50）。 本发明适用于安装在电动车辆或便携式发电机组上的PEM型燃料电池。

公开(公告)号：US5829517A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US850931

申请日：1997-05-02

Applicant: Ottmar Schmid ,  Harald Nigsch

Inventor： Ottmar Schmid ,  Harald Nigsch

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J15/00 ,  B01J16/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  F28D9/00 ,  F28D21/00 ,  F28F3/04 ,  F28F3/08

CPC classification number: F28F3/048 ,  B01J10/007 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J14/005 ,  B01J15/005 ,  B01J16/005 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J4/04 ,  F28D21/0015 ,  F28D9/0075 ,  F28F3/083 ,  B01J2219/0002 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2462 ,  B01J2219/2475 ,  B01J2219/2479 ,  B01J2219/2485 ,  B01J2219/2493 ,  Y10S165/366

Abstract: The invention provides a flow module comprising sandwiched plate elements, with at least one of each pair of adjacent plate element surfaces having a profiling which has a linear parallel construction so that a plurality of linear parallel flow ducts is formed between adjacent plate elements. These flow ducts can be charged with a first and a second fluid in an alternating manner by way of feeding and removal ducts formed by mutually aligned openings in the plate elements. To seal off the flow spaces and the feeding and removal ducts, seals are provided, and the openings for the feeding and removal ducts extend essentially across the whole end area of the profiling so that a distinct feeding and removal space is formed. According to the invention, for a mechanical stabilization several webs are arranged in the openings for the feeding and removal ducts in the profiled plate elements. These webs which are arranged in the inlet area or outlet area of the profiling end below the plate element surface.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种包括夹层板元件的流动模块，其中每对相邻的板元件表面中的至少一个具有轮廓，其具有线性平行结构，使得在相邻板元件之间形成多个直线平行流动管道。 这些流动管道可以以交替的方式装载第一和第二流体，通过进给和移除通过板件中相互排列的开口形成的管道。 为了密封流动空间和进给和移除管道，提供密封件，并且用于进给和移除管道的开口基本上延伸穿过造型件的整个端部区域，从而形成不同的进给和移除空间。 根据本发明，对于机械稳定性，在用于成型板元件中的进料和除去管道的开口中布置多个网。 这些腹板布置在成形端的入口区域或出口区域的板元件表面下方。

公开(公告)号：US5662811A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-02

申请号：US617416

申请日：1996-03-18

Applicant: Thomas L. Grisham ,  Janet K. Peters ,  Keith W. Sharp ,  Edward E. Ebel

Inventor： Thomas L. Grisham ,  Janet K. Peters ,  Keith W. Sharp ,  Edward E. Ebel

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C7/00 ,  B04C9/00 ,  B01D21/26

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C7/00 ,  B04C9/00 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/0013 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00166

Abstract: Apparatus for creating gas-liquid interfacial contact conditions for highly efficient mass transfer between gas and liquid comprises a gas-liquid contactor assembly including a hollow porous tube surrounded by an outer jacket defining a gas plenum between the jacket and the porous tube; a liquid feed assembly including a nozzle for injecting liquid into the porous tube in a spiraling flow pattern around and along the porous tube; a gas-liquid separator assembly at the first end of the porous tube including a nonporous degassing tube coaxially aligned with and connected to the porous tube, a gas outlet port coaxially aligned with the degassing tube to receive a first portion of gas flowing from the degassing tube, a first gas duct coaxially aligned with and connected to the gas outlet duct to convey the first portion of gas therefrom; and a liquid collection assembly. A second gas discharge assembly to collect and convey gas from the first end of the porous tube is also disclosed. A method of creating gas-liquid interfacial contact conditions for highly efficient mass transfer comprises the general steps of introducing a stream of liquid to the hollow interior of a cylindrical porous tube in a thin film following a spiral flow pattern around and along the wall of the tube; controlling the physical characteristics of the liquid film and the flow pattern followed by the film through the tube; sparging gas through the wall of the tube and into the liquid film at a preselected flow rate so as to create a two phase gas-liquid froth around the wall of the tube and a discrete column of gas in the central portion of the tube; maintaining the froth flow in a radial force field so as to prevent mixing of the froth and gas in the central column; removing gas forming the column from both ends of the tube; and removing liquid from the tube.

Abstract translation: 用于产生用于在气体和液体之间高效传质的气 - 液界面接触条件的装置包括气 - 液接触器组件，其包括由外护套围绕的中空多孔管，所述外护套在所述护套和所述多孔管之间限定气室; 液体供给组件，包括用于沿着多孔管围绕和沿着多孔管以螺旋形流动图案将液体注入多孔管中的喷嘴; 在多孔管的第一端处的气液分离器组件包括与多孔管同轴对准并连接到其上的无孔脱气管，与脱气管同轴对准的气体出口，以接收从脱气流出的第一部分气体 管，与气体出口管道同轴对准并连接到气体出口管道的第一气体管道，以从其中输送气体的第一部分; 和液体收集组件。 还公开了从多孔管的第一端收集和输送气体的第二气体排出组件。 产生用于高效传质的气 - 液界面接触条件的方法包括以下步骤：将一液体流引导到圆柱形多孔管的中空内部，薄膜中，沿着 管; 通过管子控制液膜的物理特性和随后的膜流动模式; 以预选的流量将气体喷射穿过管的壁并进入液膜，以在管的中心部分上形成围绕管的壁和分立的气体柱的两相气液泡沫; 将泡沫流维持在径向力场中，以防止中心塔中的泡沫和气体混合; 从管的两端去除形成塔的气体; 并从管中去除液体。

公开(公告)号：US5571423A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US320426

申请日：1994-10-14

Applicant: Ernest L. Daman

Inventor： Ernest L. Daman

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C02F1/72

CPC classification number: B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C02F11/086 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00112 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus are disclosed for the supercritical water oxidation of organic waste materials which avoids or at least substantially reduces the corrosion and solids deposition problems associated with prior art techniques. According to this invention, externally heated supercritical water is fed to a platelet tube reactor to both protectively coat its inner surface and heat the waste stream to oxidation reaction conditions. Higher reaction temperatures can be used as compared to prior art processes, which significantly improves the reaction rate and permits smaller reactors to be used. The protective film of water on the reactor inner surface, coupled with the elimination of preheating of the waste material, substantially reduces solids deposition and corrosion.

Abstract translation: 公开了改进的方法和装置用于有机废料的超临界水氧化，其避免或至少基本上减少与现有技术相关的腐蚀和固体沉积问题。 根据本发明，将外部加热的超临界水加入到血小板反应器中，以保护它的内表面，并将废物流加热到氧化反应条件。 与现有技术方法相比，可以使用更高的反应温度，这显着地提高了反应速率并允许使用较小的反应器。 反应器内表面上的水的保护膜加上消除废料的预热，大大减少了固体沉积和腐蚀。

公开(公告)号：US5319120A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-07

申请号：US909859

申请日：1992-07-07

Applicant: Jean-Marc Gilson ,  Denis Sbardella

Inventor： Jean-Marc Gilson ,  Denis Sbardella

IPC: C08G85/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C08F2/00 ,  C08G77/06 ,  C08G77/08 ,  C07F7/02 ,  B01D11/04

CPC classification number: C08G77/06 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/00774

Abstract: A continuous static polymerization reactor for the production of liquid polymers comprises an elongated hollow reaction chamber (30) which has a porous wall (31) and a jacket means (40) spaced around the reaction chamber (30), which is provided with means (44) for introducing a fluid through the porous wall (31). The reactor is particularly useful for a process for making liquid polymers by condensing monomers and/or oligomers. It comprising the use of a pressurized gas to cause the reaction mixture to reach a foam-like consistency. This is beneficial in the condensation polymerization. Feeding a fluid through the porous wall into the reaction chamber avoids build up of the polymer on the wall.

Abstract translation: 用于制备液体聚合物的连续静态聚合反应器包括具有多孔壁（31）和围绕反应室（30）间隔开的夹套装置（40）的细长中空反应室（30），其设有装置 44），用于通过多孔壁（31）引入流体。 反应器特别可用于通过缩合单体和/或低聚物制备液体聚合物的方法。 它包括使用加压气体以使反应混合物达到泡沫状稠度。 这在缩聚中是有益的。 将流体通过多孔壁进入反应室避免聚合物在壁上积聚。

公开(公告)号：US5298248A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-29

申请号：US835079

申请日：1992-02-18

Applicant: Porte Hugues ,  Torres Ghislaine

Inventor： Porte Hugues ,  Torres Ghislaine

IPC: A23L2/52 ,  A23L33/155 ,  A61K9/00 ,  A61K31/07 ,  A61K31/23 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/68

CPC classification number: C02F1/688 ,  A61K31/07 ,  A61K31/23 ,  A61K9/0004 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C02F2103/42

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for continuous and regular liberation of active constituents into domestic water supplies. The apparatus comprises a receptacle having a body portion which is impermeable to water and to the active constituent. The receptacle is provided with an aperture closed by a membrane which is permeable to water and to the active constituent. An operculum surrounds the membrane to secure the membrane to the receptacle. The active constituent is provided into the receptacle and is released through the membrane in a controlled manner over an extended period of time. Preferably, the membrane has a mean pore diameter greater than 0.05 microns.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于将活性成分持续定期释放到家庭用水中的装置。 该装置包括具有不透水的主体部分和活性成分的容器。 容器设置有由膜渗透的孔和可渗透活性成分的孔。 操作者围绕膜以将膜固定到容器。 活性成分被提供到容器中并且通过延长的时间段以受控的方式通过膜释放。 优选地，膜具有大于0.05微米的平均孔径。

公开(公告)号：US5250135A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-05

申请号：US536086

申请日：1990-06-11

Applicant: Rodney H. Moss ,  Donald C. Bradley ,  Marc M. Faktor ,  Dario M. Frigo

Inventor： Rodney H. Moss ,  Donald C. Bradley ,  Marc M. Faktor ,  Dario M. Frigo

IPC: B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C30B25/14 ,  C30B25/16

CPC classification number: C23C16/45561 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C30B25/14

Abstract: A method of providing a reagent into a chemical process said provision being in the vapor phase and at a controlled mass flow rate wherein the method comprises:(a) providing a gas stream which contains a gaseous phase complexing agent for the reagent said complexing agent being provided at a controlled partial vapor pressure in said gas stream;(b) providing a primary source of the reagent in a reservoir which is connected to the gas stream via a diffusion path;(c) causing the gaseous phase complexing agent to diffuse into the reservoir at a mass flow rate controlled by its partial pressure in the gas stream;(d) causing the gaseous phase complexing agent in the reservoir to react with the primary source to generate a gaseous phase complex of the reagent and the gaseous phase complexing agent, said generation being, in the steady state, at a rate equivalent to the rate of inflow of said complexing agent;(e) causing the gaseous phase complex to diffuse out of the reservoir into the gas stream at a rate, in the steady state, which is equivalent to its rate of generation in stage (d);whereby the mass flow of reagent occurs at a rate defined and controlled by the vapor pressure of the vapor phase complexing agent in the gas stream.

Abstract translation: 一种将试剂提供到化学过程中的方法，所述提供处于气相和受控的质量流量，其中所述方法包括：（a）提供气流，所述气流含有所述试剂的气相络合剂，所述络合剂为 在所述气流中以受控的部分蒸气压提供; （b）在经由扩散路径连接到气流的储存器中提供试剂的主要来源; （c）使气相络合剂以其气流中其分压控制的质量流量扩散到储存器中; （d）使储存器中的气相络合剂与初级源反应以产生试剂和气相络合剂的气相络合物，所述生成处于稳定状态，速率等于速率 所述络合剂的流入; （e）使气相配合物以稳定的速度使其从储层中扩散到气流中，其速率等于其在阶段（d）中的产生速率; 由此试剂的质量流量以气流中气相络合剂的蒸气压限定和控制的速率发生。

公开(公告)号：US4952139A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-28

申请号：US463016

申请日：1990-01-09

Applicant: Emmanuel Goldenberg

Inventor： Emmanuel Goldenberg

IPC: B01J10/00 ,  B01F3/02 ,  B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/04 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C01B3/36

CPC classification number: B01F5/0453 ,  B01J12/005 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/36

Abstract: A device is provided for conveying separately at least two gases as far as a mixing zone, said device including several tubes, and means for supplying these tubes with one of the gases, the invention also relating to a reactor having at least one cell equipped with said conveying device, said device further including means for holding the tubes in position with respect to each other, the tubes being held together jointingly by said means and defining empty spaces or intertube gaps, some at least of said tubes having narrowed zones placed substantially at the same level so as to form a network for distributing the other gas to some at least of the intertube gaps.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种装置，用于分别输送至少两种气体至混合区域，所述装置包括多个管子，以及用于向这些管道供应气体的装置，本发明还涉及具有至少一个装有 所述输送装置还包括用于将管子相对于彼此保持在适当位置的装置，所述管由所述装置共同保持在一起，并且限定空的空间或管间隙，一些至少所述管具有基本位于 以形成用于将其它气体分配到至少一些管间隙的网络。