Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for processing feedback information in a wireless communication system supporting a beamforming are provided. The method includes receiving reference signals for each of at least one of transmitted beams which are transmitted from a base station with respect to each received beam of the terminal, determining reception power related information for a beam combination including each of the at least one of the transmitted beams and the received beam, determining channel capacities for each beam combination targeted beam combinations of which each value is equal to or greater than a certain critical value, as a result of the determining of the reception power related information, and determining best beam related information based on the result of the determining of the channel capacities.
Abstract:
A method of receiving a signal by a receiver in a mobile communication system is provided. The method includes: receiving a reference signal from a transmitter; determining first channel information based on the received reference signal; receiving a data signal based on the first channel information; and determining second channel information based on the received data signal and the first channel information. Iterative channel estimation is performed to reduce channel estimation errors by determining errors of signals received from a turbo decoding unit and using symbol information as pilots even in subcarriers where the pilot signals are not transmitted, and to increase the accuracy of LLR calculation through an iteration process such as a detection and decoding process in comparison with the conventional technology, thereby increasing the reception performance of the turbo decoding unit and improving communication efficiency.
Abstract:
A magnetic memory device includes a loop-type magnetic track having a first part and a second part that are arranged in a counterclockwise direction, a first conductive line on a top surface of the first part, and a second conductive line on a bottom surface of the second part. The magnetic track includes a lower magnetic layer, a spacer layer, and an upper magnetic layer that are sequentially stacked. Each of the first and second conductive lines includes heavy metal. Each of the first and second conductive lines is configured to generate spin-orbit torque caused by current that flows therein. The spin-orbit torque causes magnetic domains in the magnetic track to move in a clockwise direction or in the counterclockwise direction.
Abstract:
A solid-state electrolyte containing a compound represented by Formula 1: (LixM1a)(LayM2b)(ZrzM3c)O12 Formula 1 wherein in Formula 1, M1 is a monovalent cation, a divalent cation, a trivalent cation, or a combination thereof, M2 is a monovalent cation, divalent cation, a trivalent cation, or a combination thereof, M3 is a monovalent cation, a divalent cation, a trivalent cation, a tetravalent cation, a pentavalent cation, a hexavalent cation, or a combination thereof, 6≤x≤8, 0≤a≤2, 2≤y≤3, 0≤b≤1, 0
Abstract:
A storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device and a storage controller. The nonvolatile memory device includes a first memory region having a first write speed and a second memory region having a second write speed different from the first write speed. The storage controller includes an internal buffer and stores data from an external host in the first memory region by priority in a first mode. The storage controller controls a data migration operation by performing a read operation-transfer operation to read a second data that is pre-stored in the first memory region by a first unit and to transfer the first unit of data to a data input/output (I/O) circuit of the nonvolatile memory device a plurality of times and by storing the second data transferred to the data I/O circuit in the second memory region.
Abstract:
An organic electrolyte includes: a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent; and a nitrile-based compound represented by a certain formula, wherein the non-aqueous solvent includes a fluorinated cyclic carbonate compound and a fluorinated chain carbonate compound. A secondary battery including such an organic electrolyte is also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). Disclosed is an apparatus of a base station (BS). The BS may be configured to determine whether to use a beam of the BS and a beam of a terminal, which have been used in a downlink, in an uplink based on capability information received from the terminal and whether an antenna of the BS used for communication with the terminal is a transmission/reception common antenna and perform an uplink beam search when it is determined that the beam of the BS or the beam of the terminal is not used in the uplink.
Abstract:
A semiconductor package includes a package substrate, at least one semiconductor chip mounted on the package substrate, a molding member on the package substrate to cover at least a portion of the semiconductor chip, and a mechanical reinforcing member provided around the semiconductor chip within the molding member and extending in at least one direction.
Abstract:
A polymer compound including a repeating unit represented by Formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, a1, a2, and a11 in Formula 1 are as defined in the specification.
Abstract:
A photoresist-removing composition includes a polar organic solvent, an alkyl ammonium hydroxide, an aliphatic amine not including a hydroxy group, and a monovalent alcohol. To manufacture a semiconductor device, a photoresist pattern may be formed on a substrate, and the photoresist-removing composition may then be applied to the photoresist pattern. To manufacture a semiconductor package, a photoresist pattern including a plurality of via holes may be formed on a substrate. A plurality of conductive posts including a metal may be formed inside the plurality of via holes, and the photoresist pattern may be removed by applying a photoresist-removing composition of the inventive concept to the photoresist pattern. A semiconductor chip may be adhered to the substrate between the respective conductive posts.