公开(公告)号：US5415768A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-16

申请号：US194609

申请日：1994-02-10

Applicant: Marc D. Andelman

Inventor： Marc D. Andelman

IPC: B01D15/08 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/80 ,  G01N30/96

CPC classification number: G01N30/6069 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/3885 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  G01N30/50 ,  G01N30/96 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  G01N2030/027 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/38 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/6043 ,  G01N30/6091 ,  G01N30/6095 ,  G01N30/80

Abstract: A flow-through capacitor and a controlled charge chromatography column system using the capacitor for the purification of a fluid-containing material, which column comprises an inlet for a fluid to be purified and an outlet for the discharge of the purified fluid, and a flow-through capacitor disposed within the column. The flow-through capacitor comprises a plurality of spirally-wound, stacked washer or rods to include a first electrically conductive backing layer, such as of graphite, and a first high surface area conductive layer secured to one side of the backing layer, such as carbon fibers, and a second high surface area conductive layer secured to the opposite side of the backing layer, the high surface area material layers arranged to face each other and separated by a nonconductive, ion-permeable spacer layer to insulate electrically the backing and conductive layer. The system includes a DC power source to charge the respective conductive layers with different polarities whereby a fluid-containing material passing through the column is purified by the electrically conductive, high surface area stationary phase and the retention thereof onto the high surface area layer and permitting, for example, the purification of aqueous solutions of liquids, such as salt, and providing for the recovery of a purified liquid.

Abstract translation: 一种流通电容器和使用电容器的受控电荷色谱柱系统，用于净化含流体的材料，该柱包括用于待净化的流体的入口和用于排出纯化流体的出口， 通过电容器设置在该列内。 流通电容器包括多个螺旋卷绕的层叠的垫圈或杆，以包括第一导电背衬层，例如石墨，以及固定到背衬层的一侧的第一高表面积导电层，例如 碳纤维和固定到背衬层的相对侧的第二高表面积导电层，高表面积材料层布置为彼此面对并由不导电的离子可渗透间隔层隔开，以使背衬和导电 层。 该系统包括一个直流电源，用于以不同的极性对相应的导电层进行充电，由此通过该柱的含流体的材料被导电的高表面积固定相净化，并将其保留在高表面积层上并允许 例如，纯化诸如盐的液体的水溶液，并提供回收纯化液体。

公开(公告)号：US5306400A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-26

申请号：US839435

申请日：1992-02-24

Applicant: David Bradbury ,  George R. Elder

Inventor： David Bradbury ,  George R. Elder

IPC: B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C25B1/00

CPC classification number: B01J49/0052 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/4676 ,  C02F2101/163 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46145

Abstract: A method for the combined removal and destruction of nitrate ions in an electrochemical cell which includes an anode compartment containing electrolyte and an anode, a cathode compartment containing electrolyte and a cathode, and a central compartment containing an anion exchange resin, the central compartment being separated from the anode compartment and the cathode compartment by respective anion permeable membranes, includes the steps of(i) passing an aqueous solution containing nitrate ions through the anion exchange resin in the central compartment of the cell,(ii) passing an electric current through the cell in order to cause the nitrate ions captured on the anion exchange resin to migrate into the anode compartment of the cell, and(iii) destroying the nitrate ions by subjecting them to reduction and oxidation reactions to form nitrogen and oxygen or water.Step (i) may be replaced by passing an anion exchange resin washed with nitrate ion through the central compartment of the electrochemical cell.

Abstract translation: 一种用于组合去除和破坏电化学电池中的硝酸根离子的方法，其包括含有电解质和阳极的阳极室，含有电解质和阴极的阴极室和含有阴离子交换树脂的中央室，所述中央室被分离 通过相应的阴离子可渗透膜从阳极室和阴极室排出包括以下步骤：（i）将含有硝酸根离子的水溶液通过阴极交换树脂通入电池的中央室，（ii）使电流通过 以使得捕获在阴离子交换树脂上的硝酸根离子迁移到电池的阳极室中，和（iii）通过使其还原和氧化反应来形成氮和氧或水来破坏硝酸根离子。 步骤（i）可以通过将经硝酸根离子洗涤的阴离子交换树脂通过电化学电池的中央隔室来代替。

公开(公告)号：US5259936A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-09

申请号：US717459

申请日：1991-06-19

Applicant: Gary C. Ganzi

Inventor： Gary C. Ganzi

IPC: B01J41/14 ,  B01J43/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C08F8/00 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C25F5/00

CPC classification number: B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/0052 ,  C02F1/4695

Abstract: Purified resin particles are provided in an electrodeionization step for purifying resin particles having ion depletion compartments containing the resin particles and ion concentration compartments. Purified water having a purity of at least 1 megohm-cm is introduced into the ion depletion compartments and water for accepting ionic impurities is introduced into the ion concentration compartments. The electrodeionization step for purifying resin particles is conducted under condition to dissociate water into hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions. The purified water is produced in an initial water purification step which also can be an electrodeionization step. The water effluent from the ion depletion compartment can be recycled either to the initial water purification step or to the inlets of the ion depletion compartments in the resin particle purification process. The electrodeionization step comprising the initial water purification step is conducted under conditions to minimize or prevent hydrogen ion and hydroxyl ion formation.

Abstract translation: 在用于净化含有树脂颗粒和离子浓度隔室的离子耗尽层的树脂颗粒的电去电离步骤中提供了纯化的树脂颗粒。 将纯度为至少1兆欧姆厘米的纯净水引入离子消耗室，并将用于接受离子杂质的水引入离子浓度隔室中。 在将水分解成氢离子和羟基离子的条件下进行用于净化树脂颗粒的电去电离步骤。 纯化水在初始水净化步骤中产生，其也可以是电去电离步骤。 来自离子消耗室的水流出物可以循环到初始水净化步骤或树脂颗粒纯化过程中的离子消耗隔室的入口处。 包括初始水净化步骤的电去电离步骤在使氢离子和羟基离子形成最小化或防止的条件下进行。

公开(公告)号：US5248401A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-28

申请号：US706253

申请日：1991-05-28

Applicant: Nevill J. Bridger ,  Christopher P. Jones ,  Andrew D. Turner ,  Pauline E. Ransford

Inventor： Nevill J. Bridger ,  Christopher P. Jones ,  Andrew D. Turner ,  Pauline E. Ransford

IPC: B01J47/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C25B9/10 ,  C25B11/04

CPC classification number: B01J47/08 ,  C25B9/10

Abstract: An electrode for use in electrochemical ion exchange comprises an electrically conducting element covered by at least two layers of ion exchange material. The material in one layer differs in its electrical, chemical, or ion exchange properties from that in an adjacent layer. For example a thin layer of cation exchange material underneath a thicker layer of anion exchange material may be used to inhibit the oxidation of chloride ions; a thin layer of cation exchange material covering a thicker layer of anion exchange material provides an anion-responsive electrode with enhanced selectivity for particular ions. An ion-selective anion-responsive electrode can also comprise a thin outer layer of a very weak base anion-responsive material, covering a thicker layer of a strong base material of lower electrical resistivity.

公开(公告)号：US5240572A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-31

申请号：US698911

申请日：1991-05-13

Applicant: Andrew D. Turner ,  Nevill J. Bridger

Inventor： Andrew D. Turner ,  Nevill J. Bridger

IPC: B01J19/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B9/08

CPC classification number: B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/46109 ,  C02F1/4691

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a liquid by electrochemical ion exchange comprises a flow channel (34) in which are arranged a cation-responsive ion exchange electrode (38) side by side with an anion-responsive ion exchange electrode (42), with a counter electrode (40,44) between them. By controlling the currents to the two ion exchange electrodes (38,42) independently, the pH of the treated liquid can be controlled at a desired value.

公开(公告)号：US5183565A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-02

申请号：US717017

申请日：1991-06-18

Applicant: Heinz Zimmermann ,  Hans J. M. Manteuffel

Inventor： Heinz Zimmermann ,  Hans J. M. Manteuffel

IPC: B01J47/06 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/469

CPC classification number: C02F1/46114 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F1/42

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for removing cations/anions from liquids, having a container material between a cathode and the layer of ion exchange material between the anode and the cathode and a free liquid-filled space as a treatment space between the layer of ion exchange material and the cathode and a liquid-filled outer space between the cathode and the wall of the container, the treatment space and the outer space being connected to one another at both ends in order to permit liquid circulation.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于从液体中除去阳离子/阴离子的装置，其具有在阴极和阳极和阴极之间的离子交换材料层之间的容器材料和作为离子层之间的处理空间的游离液体填充空间 交换材料和阴极以及在容器的阴极和壁之间的液体填充的外部空间，处理空间和外部空间在两端彼此连接以允许液体循环。

公开(公告)号：US5066375A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-19

申请号：US495513

申请日：1990-03-19

Applicant: Edgardo J. Parsi ,  Keith J. Sims ,  Irving D. Elyanow ,  Thomas A. Prato

Inventor： Edgardo J. Parsi ,  Keith J. Sims ,  Irving D. Elyanow ,  Thomas A. Prato

IPC: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469

CPC classification number: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F1/469

Abstract: Apparatus and method for introducing ion-exchange and other particulates into certain compartments of an assembled electrodeionization stack comprising flowing a slurry of said particulates into the compartments while employing strainers for particulate retention so as to form a packed bed in the compartments; also apparatus and method for flowing said particulates out of said stack in the form of a slurry.

Abstract translation: 将离子交换剂和其它颗粒引入到组装的电去离子堆叠的某些室中的装置和方法，包括将所述颗粒的浆料流入隔室，同时使用过滤器进行颗粒保留，以在隔室中形成填充床; 也是用于以浆料的形式将所述颗粒从所述堆叠中流出的设备和方法。

公开(公告)号：US4931160A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-05

申请号：US275314

申请日：1988-11-23

Applicant: Anthony J. Giuffrida

Inventor： Anthony J. Giuffrida

IPC: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08

CPC classification number: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4695

Abstract: An electrodeionization apparatus is provided for removing ions from liquids. Liquid to be purified is passed through at least two ion depletion compartments containing mixed anion and cation exchange resin beads in a given separation stage. A second liquid is passed through concentration compartments free of ion exchange resin beads. Ions under the influence of D.C. potential pass from the depletion compartments into the concentration compartments through ion permeable membranes. The beads in the depletion compartments are housed within subcompartments of controlled width and thickness and are retained therein by the ion permeable membranes which are secured to the walls of the subcompartments.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于从液体中去除离子的电去离子装置。 在给定的分离阶段，待纯化的液体通过含有混合阴离子和阳离子交换树脂珠粒的至少两个离子消耗室。 第二液体通过没有离子交换树脂珠的浓缩室。 在D.C.潜力的影响下，离子通过离子渗透膜从耗尽室进入浓缩室。 消耗隔间中的珠粒容纳在受控宽度和厚度的子隔室内，并通过固定到子隔室的壁的离子渗透膜保持在其中。

公开(公告)号：US4925541A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-15

申请号：US908913

申请日：1986-09-18

Applicant: Anthony J. Giuffrida ,  Anil D. Jha ,  Gary C. Ganzi

Inventor： Anthony J. Giuffrida ,  Anil D. Jha ,  Gary C. Ganzi

IPC: B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469

CPC classification number: C02F1/4695 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4612 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2209/05

Abstract: An electrodeionization apparatus and process are provided for removing ions from liquids. Liquid to be purified is passed through depleting compartments containing mixed anion and cation exchange resin beads while a second liquid is passed through concentrating compartments free of ion exchange resin beads. Ions, under influence of a D.C. potential, pass from the depleting compartments into the concentrating compartments through ion permeable membranes. The beads in the depleting compartments are housed within subcompartments of controlled width and thickness and are retained therein by the ion permeable membranes which are secured to the wall of the subcompartments.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于从液体中去除离子的电去离子装置和方法。 待纯化的液体通过含有混合阴离子和阳离子交换树脂珠的耗尽室，而第二液体通过不含离子交换树脂珠的浓缩室。 在直流电位的影响下，离子通过离子渗透膜从耗尽室转移到浓缩室中。 消耗隔间中的珠容纳在受控宽度和厚度的子隔室内，并通过固定到子隔室的壁的离子渗透膜保持在其中。

公开(公告)号：US4690739A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-01

申请号：US924160

申请日：1986-10-27

Applicant: Babu R. Nott

Inventor： Babu R. Nott

IPC: B01J47/00 ,  B01J47/08 ,  B01D13/02

CPC classification number: B01J47/006 ,  B01J47/08

Abstract: A method for removing chloride ions from an anion exchange resin to provide extremely low residual chloride concentration and comprises placing the resin in a cathode cell of an electrolytic cell, the electrolytic cell having an anode and a cathode, and anode and cathode cells being separated by an anion selective permeable membrane. Catholyte is flowed through the resin containing cathode cell and anolyte is flowed through the anode cell while a direct current is applied across the anode and cathode. Chloride or chlorine gas derived from the resin is removed from the anode cell.

Abstract translation: 一种从阴离子交换树脂中除去氯离子以提供非常低的残留氯浓度的方法，包括将树脂放置在电解池的阴极单元中，该电解槽具有阳极和阴极，阳极和阴极单元由 阴离子选择性渗透膜。 阴极电解液通过含树脂的阴极电池流过，阳极电解液通过阳极电池流过，同时在阳极和阴极上施加直流电流。 从阳极电池中除去源自树脂的氯化物或氯气。