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    Light emitting devices having high brightness
    181.
    发明授权
    Light emitting devices having high brightness 失效
    具有高亮度的发光器件

    公开(公告)号：US6125226A

    公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

    申请号：US844353

    申请日：1997-04-18

    Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows ,  Dimitri Z. Garbuzov

    Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows ,  Dimitri Z. Garbuzov

    IPC: G02B6/10 ,  H01J1/62

    CPC classification number: H01L51/5271

    Abstract: Light emitting devices comprising a transparent substrate, a reflective layer on the substrate having at least one opening therein, a waveguiding layer on said reflective layer, and at least one OLED on the waveguiding layer for emitting light of a predetermined color. The light emitted from each OLED is directed through the at least one opening in the reflective layer for emission through the substrate.

    Abstract translation: 发光器件包括透明衬底，衬底上具有至少一个开口的反射层，所述反射层上的波导层，以及波导层上用于发射预定颜色的光的至少一个OLED。 从每个OLED发射的光被引导通过反射层中的至少一个开口，用于通过衬底发射。

    Saturated full color stacked organic light emitting devices
    186.
    发明授权
    Saturated full color stacked organic light emitting devices 失效
    饱和全彩色堆叠式有机发光装置

    公开(公告)号：US5932895A

    公开(公告)日：1999-08-03

    申请号：US858994

    申请日：1997-05-20

    Applicant: Zilan Shen ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

    Inventor： Zilan Shen ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

    IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L33/00

    CPC classification number: H01L51/5036 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/5262

    Abstract: Optical cavities in a stacked organic light emitting device (SOLEDS) can shift or attenuate the light emitted by the individual organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) in the stack. Interference caused by reflections within the stack, absorption, positioning of the light source, and the polarization of the emitted light can all determine how the spectra of the emitted light are affected by the SOLED structure. A detailed model that provides a good fit to measured SOLED emissions can be used to predict how a SOLED will affect light emitted by OLEDs. As a result, SOLED geometries that will optimize color saturation and external quantum efficiency can be predicted.

    Abstract translation: 层叠的有机发光器件（SOLEDS）中的光学腔可以移动或衰减由堆叠中的各个有机发光器件（OLED）发射的光。 由堆叠内的反射引起的干扰，光源的吸收，定位以及发射的光的偏振都可以确定发射光的光谱如何受到SOLED结构的影响。 可以使用提供与测量的SOLED排放量相适应的详细模型来预测SOLED如何影响OLED发出的光。 因此，可以预测将优化色饱和度和外部量子效率的SOLED几何形状。

    Driving circuit for stacked organic light emitting devices
    188.
    发明授权
    Driving circuit for stacked organic light emitting devices 失效
    堆叠式有机发光装置的驱动电路

    公开(公告)号：US5757139A

    公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

    申请号：US792050

    申请日：1997-02-03

    Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

    Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Paul Burrows

    IPC: H05B33/12 ,  G09G3/14 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/32 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H05B33/08

    CPC classification number: G09G3/2011 ,  G09G3/14 ,  G09G3/3258 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  G09G2300/0452 ,  H01L2251/5323

    Abstract: Arrangements for biasing the individual light emitting elements of a stacked organic light emitting device (SOLED). A circuit is provided for independently driving the individual OLEDs in a conventional SOLED having one electrode coupled to ground potential and one further electrode for each of the OLEDs in the stack. Additionally, new SOLED structures are described in which each OLED in the stack is provided with a ground reference. A SOLED combining upright and inverted OLEDs is also described.

    Abstract translation: 用于偏置堆叠的有机发光器件（SOLED）的各个发光元件的布置。 提供了一种用于独立驱动具有耦合到地电位的一个电极的传统SOLED中的各个OLED的独立驱动电路和用于堆叠中的每个OLED的一个另外的电极。 另外，描述了新的SOLED结构，其中堆叠中的每个OLED被提供有接地参考。 还描述了结合直立和倒置的OLED的SOLED。

    Organic optoelectronic devices and methods
    189.
    发明授权
    Organic optoelectronic devices and methods 失效
    有机光电器件及方法

    公开(公告)号：US5315129A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-24

    申请号：US694108

    申请日：1991-05-01

    Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Franky F. So

    Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Franky F. So

    IPC: G02F1/017 ,  H01L29/15 ,  H01L29/737 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/40 ,  H01L29/28

    CPC classification number: H01L51/0504 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02F1/017 ,  H01L29/7371 ,  H01L29/7378 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0508 ,  H01L51/0575 ,  H01L51/0579 ,  H01L51/4206 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  G02F2202/02 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

    Abstract: Organic optoelectronic devices, such as a modulator (54) and a photodetector (73) comprising alternating layers (58) of two crystalline planar organic aromatic semiconductors (60 and 62), have been grown by organic molecular beam deposition. These organic substances have been deposited in ultra-thin layers only 10 .ANG. in depth using organic molecular beam deposition methods. Due to the anisotropic character of these organic materials,, the devices formed using these methods possess unique electronic and optical properties. The preferred embodiment of the invention utilizes 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and 3,4,7,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA). While the inventors have identified PTCDA and NTCDA as excellent materials for the manufacture of organic optoelectronic IC devices, the broad scope of the present invention encompasses the use of any planar organic aromatic semiconductor which readily forms a crystalline structure. The preferred method of the invention employs a chamber (23) containing an inorganic substrate (32) with appropriate material for making electrical contact to the organic structures and sources of PTCDA (36) and NTCDA (38). The chamber (23) is maintained at a pressure which is generally less than 10.sup. -6 Torr. The substrate (32) is separated from the source materials by a minimum separation distance of 10 cm. The substrate (32) is held below 150K while the PTCDA and NTCDA are alternately heated. The methods described above may also be employed to fabricate an organic phototransistor/photodetector (78).

    Abstract translation: 已经通过有机分子束沉积生长了包括两个晶体平面有机芳族半导体（60和62）的交替层（58）的调制器（54）和光电检测器（73）的有机光电子器件。 这些有机物质已经使用有机分子束沉积方法沉积在超薄层中，只有10安培深度。 由于这些有机材料的各向异性特征，使用这些方法形成的器件具有独特的电子和光学特性。 本发明的优选实施方案使用3,4,9,10-苝四羧酸二酐（PTCDA）和3,4,7,8-萘四甲酸二酐（NTCDA）。 虽然发明人已经将PTCDA和NTCDA鉴定为用于制造有机光电IC器件的优异材料，但是本发明的广泛范围包括易于形成晶体结构的任何平面有机芳族半导体的应用。 本发明的优选方法采用包含无机基底（32）的腔室（23），该腔室具有用于与PTCDA（36）和NTCDA（38）的有机结构和源的电接触的适当材料。 室（23）保持在通常小于10 -6乇的压力。 衬底（32）与源材料分开10厘米的最小分隔距离。 当PTCDA和NTCDA交替加热时，将基板（32）保持在150K以下。 上述方法也可用于制造有机光电晶体管/光电检测器（78）。

    High speed opto-electronic crossbar switch
    190.
    发明授权
    High speed opto-electronic crossbar switch 失效
    高速电子交叉开关

    公开(公告)号：US5072439A

    公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

    申请号：US494640

    申请日：1990-03-16

    Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Gregory L. Tangonan

    Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Gregory L. Tangonan

    IPC: H04B10/02 ,  G06F15/16 ,  H03K17/693 ,  H03K17/78 ,  H04Q3/52

    CPC classification number: H03K17/693 ,  H03K17/78

    Abstract: A high speed opto-electronic crossbar switch 10 disposed to selectively connect signals carried by first and second input optical beams to an output node 42. The inventive switch 10 includes a selectively actuatable photodetector network 22 for converting the signals carried by the first and second input beams to electrical output signals, and for impressing these output signals upon the output node 42. The photodetector network 22 has a first photodetector 30 in optical alignment with the first input beam, and a second photodetector 32 in optical alignment with the second input beam. The inventive crossbar switch 10 further includes a multiplexer 26 for actuating the first and second photodetectors 30, 32 in response to a control signal. The invention also includes a laser diode circuit 24 for illuminating the first and second photodetectors 30, 32 in response to the control signal.

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