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11.发明授权Device and method for determining a load signal in an internal combustion engine 失效用于确定内燃机中的负载信号的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5727526A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US628121
申请日：1996-04-04
CPC分类号： F02D41/04 , F02D41/187
摘要： A device for determining a load signal indicating the actual air mass per stroke in an internal combustion engine based on signals which indicate the respective instantaneous air flow rate in the intake pipe, these signals being indirectly or directly summed up over a specified angular range of the crankshaft for forming the load signal. In first predetermined ranges of speeds and throttle-valve positions, the load signal serves directly as a computational basis for the quantity of fuel to be injected. In second predetermined ranges, the last value from the first ranges is subjected to a speed-dependent correction and this corrected value is used as a substitute load signal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于根据表示进气管中的相应瞬时空气流量的信号来确定指示内燃机中每个行程的实际空气质量的负载信号的装置，这些信号被间接或直接相加在 用于形成负载信号的曲轴。 在第一预定范围的速度和节流阀位置中，负载信号直接作为要喷射的燃料量的计算基础。 在第二预定范围内，对来自第一范围的最后值进行速度相关校正，并将该校正值用作替代负载信号。
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12.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5048482A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US477882
申请日：1990-04-17
申请人： Alfred Kratt , Eberhard Lang
发明人： Alfred Kratt , Eberhard Lang
CPC分类号： F02D31/009 , F02D41/123 , F02D41/22
摘要： A device for controlling an operating characteristic of an internal combustion engine is suggested with a speed limitation being effective according to a predetermined time function by influencing the fuel metering during the transition from the idling state to the driving mode. This speed limitation is activated especially in the event of a fault of the actuating device, of its activation and of the feedback and in the event of a speed response critical to safety in the idling state.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00532 Sec。 371日期：1990年04月17日 102（e）日期1990年04月17日PCT提交1989年8月16日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 02258 日本1990年3月8日。提出了一种用于控制内燃机的工作特性的装置，其中通过在从怠速状态转换到驾驶模式期间影响燃料计量，根据预定时间功能有效的速度限制。 特别是在致动装置的故障，其启动和反馈以及在空载状态下对安全性的速度响应至关重要的情况下，该速度限制被激活。
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13.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4572125A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-25
申请号：US678003
申请日：1984-11-30
申请人： Alfred Kratt
发明人： Alfred Kratt
CPC分类号： F02D31/003 , F02D41/123 , F02B1/04
摘要： A system for regulating rotary speed of an internal combustion engine includes an idling volumetric efficiency or charge regulating system and an overrun or push cutoff system to maintain a minimum rotary speed of the engine during important operational modes. The system is provided with means which eliminate undesired overrun cutoff of intentionally increased rotary speeds of the engine induced by the idling volumetric efficiency regulating system. The actual value of the control signal produced by the regulating system is compared with a limit or threshold value and after the threshold is exceeded the function of the overrun cutoff device is blocked. The regulating system includes a PID regulator which in combination with the circuit of this invention produces a dynamic behavior of the resetting rotary speed of the overrun cutoff function.
摘要翻译： 用于调节内燃机的转速的系统包括怠速容积效率或充电调节系统以及超重或推动切断系统，以在重要操作模式期间保持发动机的最小转速。 该系统具有消除由怠速容积效率调节系统引起的有意增加的发动机转速的不希望的超限切断的装置。 将调节系统产生的控制信号的实际值与极限或阈值进行比较，超过阈值后，超限切断装置的功能被阻断。 调节系统包括PID调节器，其与本发明的电路结合产生超限切断功能的复位转速的动态特性。
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14.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5797375A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US806410
申请日：1997-02-26
申请人： Alfred Kratt
发明人： Alfred Kratt
IPC分类号： F02B77/08 , F01N3/18 , F02D41/14 , F02D45/00 , F02M37/00 , F02M37/08 , G01M15/10 , F02M37/04
CPC分类号： F02D41/1495 , G01M15/102
摘要： The invention is directed to a method for detecting and documenting exhaust-gas relevant malfunctions of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine. The method includes the steps of evaluating the operating state of at least one component of the internal combustion engine in a circuit arrangement to delimit faults, which are caused by improper operation of the vehicle, relative to faults based on defects of the vehicle system; and, outputting a fault announcement and storing the fault announcement in a fault memory in dependence upon the operating state of the component.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于检测和记录具有内燃机的车辆的废气相关故障的方法。 该方法包括以相对于基于车辆系统的缺陷的故障来评估内燃机的至少一个部件的操作状态的步骤，该电路装置限定由车辆的不正确的操作引起的故障; 并且根据组件的操作状态输出故障通知并将故障通知存储在故障存储器中。
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公开(公告)号：US5275143A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-04
申请号：US768982
申请日：1991-12-09
申请人： Manfred Lembke , Alfred Kratt , Anwar Abidin
发明人： Manfred Lembke , Alfred Kratt , Anwar Abidin
CPC分类号： F02D41/345 , F02D41/0087 , F02D41/1498 , F02D2200/1015 , Y02T10/44
摘要： In a method for reducing the fuel supply for one cylinder of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with centralized injection, the procedure is that the cylinder located in the intake cycle sequence in front of the cylinder whose mixture is to be made much leaner, for example because of unreliable combustion, is already supplied with less fuel than is the case when all cylinders are operable. In addition, the intake cycle for the failed cylinder itself is supplied with as little fuel as possible. Using this method, it is possible to set a very lean mixture in the failed cylinder but a mixture having a lambda value close to 1 in the remaining cylinders. This ensures that the motor vehicle in which the internal combustion engine with the failed cylinder is operating can still be reliably operated and, at the same time, there is no risk of overheating of the catalytic converter.
摘要翻译： 在一种用于减少具有集中喷射的多气缸内燃机的一个气缸的燃料供应的方法中，程序是位于进气循环中的汽缸位于气缸前面，其混合物要变得更加稀薄，以便 例如因为不可靠的燃烧，与所有气缸可操作的情况相比，已经提供了更少的燃料。 此外，故障缸本身的进气周期尽可能少地被供给燃料。 使用这种方法，可以在失效的气缸中设置非常稀的混合物，但是在其余气缸中具有接近1的λ值的混合物。 这确保了具有故障汽缸的内燃机运行的机动车辆仍然可靠地运行，并且同时没有催化转化器过热的风险。
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16.发明授权Method for measuring the flow rate of a medium flowing through a pipe and apparatus therefor 失效用于测量流过管道的介质的流量的方法及其装置
公开(公告)号：US4669301A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US839897
申请日：1986-03-14
申请人： Alfred Kratt , Cornelius Peter
发明人： Alfred Kratt , Cornelius Peter
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring the flow rate of a medium flowing through a pipe. The invention is particularly for measuring the rate of air flow in the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine by means of a throughput sensor which is insensitive to the direction of flow. The throughput sensor can be a constant-temperature anemometer. The analog output signals of the sensor are converted into a sequence of discrete numerical values with an adjustable sampling rate, wherein the periodic output signal characteristic of the flow meter is weighted for determining the occurrence of changes in the direction of flow, and wherein the duration of time in which the direction of flow is changed is considered in the determination of the flow rate via corresponding correction factors. In the method and apparatus of the invention, the points in time at which changes in the direction of flow occur are determined according to the following steps: (a) comparing the differential values of successive numerical values of the number sequence with a first threshold value particularly dependent on the sampling rate; (b) determining the characteristic time points at which the first threshold value is exceeded or drops below; and, (c) recognizing the change of flow direction with the occurrence of more than two characteristic instants per period of the output signal.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于测量流过管道的介质的流量的方法和装置。 本发明特别用于通过对流动方向不敏感的通量传感器来测量内燃机的进气管中的气流速率。 通量传感器可以是恒温风速计。 传感器的模拟输出信号被转换成具有可调采样率的离散数值序列，其中流量计的周期性输出信号特征被加权以确定流动方向上的变化的发生，并且其中持续时间 在通过相应的校正因子确定流量时考虑流动方向改变的时间。 在本发明的方法和装置中，根据以下步骤确定流动方向发生变化的时间点：（a）将数字序列的连续数值的差分值与第一阈值 特别是取决于采样率; （b）确定超过第一阈值或下降的特征时间点; 并且（c）在输出信号的每个周期发生两个以上的特征时刻，识别流向的变化。
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17.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4580220A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-01
申请号：US515843
申请日：1983-07-21
申请人： Gunter Braun , Wolfgang Kosak , Alfred Kratt
发明人： Gunter Braun , Wolfgang Kosak , Alfred Kratt
IPC分类号： F02D41/08 , F02D17/04 , F02D31/00 , F02D33/00 , F02D35/00 , F02D41/16 , F02D41/22 , F02D41/26 , F02D45/00 , F02M69/32 , G05B9/02 , G05B23/02 , G06F11/30 , F02D11/10
CPC分类号： F02D41/266 , F02D31/003 , F02D31/005 , F02D2011/102
摘要： A failsafe emergency operation device for the idling operation of motor vehicles, in particular for a digital idling charge regulation having a final control element triggered by an end stage circuit, which final control element, as a two-coil rotary adjuster, controls the cross section of an air bypass parallel to the throttle valve. A central computer (microprocessor, microcomputer) prepares a digital trigger signal for the end stage having a duty cycle which is variable depending upon the final control element position required. At the same time, at at least one position of the final control element, an end stage monitoring signal which is to be fed back is prepared and fed back to the computer, which via a separate shutoff stage for the end stage makes this end stage current-free whenever agreement does not exist between the two signals in terms of the duty cycle. A failsafe circuit is furthermore provided, which receives separate control pulses or is supplied with the duty cycle trigger signal supplied to the end stage by the computer, and in case of malfunction this failsafe circuit emits a reset signal, which likewise shuts off the end stage, resets the microcomputer, or alternatively can throw an emergency operation generator ON, which generator then supplies the end stage with an emergency operation duty cycle for triggering it.
摘要翻译： 一种用于机动车辆空转操作的故障安全紧急操作装置，特别是用于由终端电路触发的具有最终控制元件的数字怠速充电调节装置，该最终控制元件作为双线圈旋转调节器控制横截面 与节流阀平行的空气旁路。 中央计算机（微处理器，微型计算机）为终端准备数字触发信号，其具有根据所需的最终控制元件位置而变化的占空比。 同时，在最终控制元件的至少一个位置，准备要反馈的末级监控信号并将其反馈给计算机，该计算机通过用于末端级的单独的截止级使该结束阶段 当两个信号之间在占空比方面不存在协议时，无电流。 此外还提供了故障保护电路，其接收单独的控制脉冲，或者被提供给由计算机提供给终端的占空比触发信号，并且在故障的情况下，该故障保护电路发出复位信号，其同样关闭终端 复位微型计算机，或者可以将紧急操作发生器接通，然后该发生器向终端提供用于触发它的紧急操作占空比。
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公开(公告)号：US4513711A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-30
申请号：US524685
申请日：1983-08-19
申请人： Gunter Braun , Alfred Kratt , Rolf Schleicher
发明人： Gunter Braun , Alfred Kratt , Rolf Schleicher
CPC分类号： F02D31/004 , Y02T10/42
摘要： In a system for regulation of the idling speed of an internal combustion engine acting through an electrical positioning means for the minimum-opening position of the throttle valve, the building-up of troublesome fluctuations in engine speed as the result of the characteristics of the regulation loop is counteracted in response to detection of the rise of such fluctuations or of their imminence as the result of an excessively rich mixture (on the basis of the signal from a probe in the exhaust pipe). When such a condition is detected, the amplification factors in the controller stage of the regulation loop are reduced, the reference desired idling speed value is raised and the lower limit of the regulation range is also raised. These parameters are returned to normal when the throttle valve moves away from its idling speed position.
摘要翻译： 在通过用于节流阀的最小打开位置的电气定位装置作用的内燃机的空转速度的调节系统中，由于调节特性的结果导致发动机转速发生麻烦的波动 响应于检测到这种波动的上升或其由于过于浓的混合物（基于来自排气管中的探针的信号）的结果而引起的响应而被抵消。 当检测到这种情况时，调节回路的控制器级的放大系数降低，参考所需的空转速度值上升，调节范围的下限也提高。 当节气门从空转速度位置移开时，这些参数恢复正常。
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公开(公告)号：US4441471A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-10
申请号：US313074
申请日：1981-10-19
申请人： Alfred Kratt , Bernd Kraus , Gunther Plapp
发明人： Alfred Kratt , Bernd Kraus , Gunther Plapp
CPC分类号： F02D41/08 , F02D31/003 , F02D41/086 , Y10T477/68
摘要： An apparatus is proposed for regulating the idling rpm of internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition. The apparatus includes a comparison circuit for set-point and actual rpm, and the idling rpm set-point value can be influenced in accordance with the actual rpm, time, operating voltage, temperature, and other variables as needed. The actual regulation is effected by means of a PID-regulator, whose individual characteristics may be established for processing data as desired, preferably in accordance with the rpm deviation. A limitation regulator furthermore serves to establish the respective maximum and/or minimum limitation of the adjustment member in accordance with operating characteristics.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于通过外部提供的点火来调节内燃机的空转转速的装置。 该装置包括用于设定点和实际rpm的比较电路，并且可以根据实际的rpm，时间，工作电压，温度和其他变量根据需要影响怠速转速设定值。 实际的调节是通过PID调节器进行的，PID调节器可根据需要建立其各自的特性来处理数据，优选地根据转速偏差。 限制调节器还用于根据操作特性建立调节构件的相应的最大和/或最小限制。
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