Abstract:
Process of fracturing subterranean, oil-and/or gas-bearing formations by injecting an aqueous fracturing fluid into a wellbore at a rate and pressure sufficient to penetrate into the formation, and to initiate or extend fractures in the formation, wherein the aqueous fracturing fluid is obtained by mixing at least an aqueous base fluid and an aqueous polyacrylamide concentrate having a concentration of 3.1 to 14.9% by weight of polyacrylamides, relating to the total of all components of the aqueous polyacrylamide concentrate, and wherein at least a part of the aqueous fracturing fluid injected additionally comprises a proppant.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the use of polyolefin copolymers A) for reducing color changes during the heating of polymer compositions which contain at least one thermoplastic polyamide B).
Abstract:
The process for producing aromatic polyether sulfones via reaction of a dichlorodiphenyl sulfone component with a bisphenol component as monomers in the presence of alkali metal carbonate in the melt in the absence of solvents and diluents comprises carrying out the reaction in a mixing kneader which is operated with a shear rate in the range from 5 to 500 s−1.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a continuous process for the preparation of amphiphilic graft polymers, wherein a vinyl ester component (B) composed of vinyl acetate and/or vinyl propionate (B1) and, if desired, a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B2), is polymerized in the presence of a polyalkylene oxide (A), a free radical-forming initiator (C) and, if desired, an additive (D), at a mean polymerization temperature at which the initiator (C) has a decomposition half-time of from 1 to 500 min, in at least one tubular reactor segment with a feed side and an outlet side, through which the reaction mixture comprising at least a part of component (A) to (C), and if desired (D), streams, a tubular reactor segment and the use of the inventive amphiphilic graft polymer. The invention further relates to an inventive amphiphilic graft polymer and the use thereof.
Abstract:
Process for producing aqueous polyacrylamide solutions by polymerizing an aqueous solution comprising at least acrylamide thereby obtaining an aqueous polyacrylamide gel and dissolving said aqueous polyacrylamide gel in water, wherein the manufacturing steps are allocated to two different locations A and B and the process comprises the step of transporting an aqueous polyacrylamide gel from a location A to a location B. Modular, relocatable plant for manufacturing aqueous polyacrylamide solutions wherein the units of the plant are located at two different locations A and B.
Abstract:
Process for producing aqueous polyacrylamide solutions by polymerizing an aqueous solution comprising at least acrylamide thereby obtaining an aqueous polyacrylamide gel and dissolving said aqueous polyacrylamide gel in water, wherein the manufacturing steps are allocated to two different locations A and B and the process comprises the step of transporting an aqueous polyacrylamide gel hold in a transportable polymerization unit from a location A to a location B. Modular, relocatable plant for manufacturing aqueous polyacrylamide solutions wherein the units of the plant are located at two different locations A and B.
Abstract:
A process for producing an aqueous polymer solution, including: (a) providing a hydrated polymer that has been prepared by aqueous solution polymerisation of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, which hydrated polymer contains at least 10% by weight active polymer; (b) cutting the hydrated polymer by subjecting the hydrated polymer to at least one cutting stage containing at least one stream of aqueous liquid at a pressure of at least 150 bar to reduce the size of the hydrated polymer; and (c) dissolving the hydrated polymer in an aqueous liquid so as to obtain an aqueous polymer solution. An apparatus for producing an aqueous polymer solution.
Abstract:
Described herein is a process for preparing solid acrylic acid polymers including: (a) preparing an aqueous acrylic acid polymer solution having a solids content of 30% to 70% by weight by free-radical polymerization, (b) neutralizing the aqueous acrylic acid polymer solution at least partly by adding a base, which results in release of a heat of neutralization, and concentrating the aqueous acrylic acid polymer solution by exploiting the heat of neutralization to give a highly concentrated acrylic acid polymer solution having a solids content of 60% to 80% by weight, (c) shaping and drying the highly concentrated acrylic acid polymer solution.
Abstract:
In a process for producing polyamides by polycondensation of polycondensable polyamide-forming monomers and/or oligomers in reaction mixtures comprising same, which may be water-containing but are free from organic solvents, the polycondensation is effected in an agitated reactor under agitation in a first step in the liquid phase and after a phase change taking place during the process in the same reactor is effected in a subsequent second step in the solid state, wherein the temperature in the reactor is below the melting point of the polyamide in the second step at least.
Abstract:
Process for producing polyamides that are stable during processing, by treating the polyamide during the solid-phase postcondensation process with a gas which comprises carrier gas (inert gas), water, and acid, or an anhydride or lactone or a mixture of these or, respectively, comprises ammonia, or amine, or a mixture of these, at a temperature from 130 to 200° C. and at a pressure of from 0.01 to 10 bar.