公开(公告)号：US20050280871A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-22

申请号：US11145021

申请日：2005-06-03

Applicant: Pier Gardella ,  Massimiliano Barone ,  Gary Sweet ,  Danilo Pau ,  Stephen Hill ,  Simon Goda

Inventor： Pier Gardella ,  Massimiliano Barone ,  Gary Sweet ,  Danilo Pau ,  Stephen Hill ,  Simon Goda

IPC: G06T3/40 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G5/02 ,  H04N1/40 ,  H04N1/41 ,  H04N1/64 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N1/52 ,  H04N1/405

CPC classification number: H04N19/00 ,  G09G3/2051 ,  G09G5/02 ,  H04N1/40087 ,  H04N19/42 ,  H04N19/90

Abstract: A dither matrix is applied to a high-resolution image to compare the value of each of the pixels that compose it with a threshold value of the matrix and to obtain an output value of the matrix (Dither matrix value) from each comparison. To each pixel value of the image there is applied an algorithm involving simple but displacement operation, namely shifts to the left and shifts to the right. The pixel values of a low-resolution image are output from the applied algorithm.

Abstract translation: 将抖动矩阵应用于高分辨率图像，以将构成它的每个像素的值与矩阵的阈值进行比较，并从每个比较中获得矩阵（抖动矩阵值）的输出值。 对于图像的每个像素值，应用涉及简单但位移操作的算法，即向左移动并向右移动。 从应用的算法输出低分辨率图像的像素值。

公开(公告)号：US20050110901A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-26

申请号：US10925884

申请日：2004-08-24

Applicant: Daniele Alfonso ,  Danilo Pau ,  Elio Privitera ,  Angelo Schiavone

Inventor： Daniele Alfonso ,  Danilo Pau ,  Elio Privitera ,  Angelo Schiavone

IPC: H04N5/44 ,  H04N7/01 ,  H04N7/04

CPC classification number: H04N7/014 ,  H04N7/012 ,  H04N7/0142

Abstract: To carry out de-interlacing of digital images there is provided a spatial-type de-interlacing process to be applied to a digital image for obtaining a spatial reconstruction. Furthermore, to the digital image there are also applied one or more temporal-type de-interlacing processes for obtaining one or more temporal reconstructions, and the spatial reconstruction and the one or more temporal reconstructions are sent to a decision module. The decision module applies a cost function to the spatial reconstruction and the temporal reconstructions and chooses from among the spatial reconstruction and the temporal reconstructions the one that minimizes the cost function. Preferential application is to display systems, in particular displays of a cathode-ray type, liquid-crystal type, and plasma type which use a mechanism of progressive scan.

Abstract translation: 为了执行数字图像的去隔行，提供了一种应用于数字图像以获得空间重建的空间类型去隔行处理。 此外，对于数字图像，还应用一个或多个时间型去隔行处理来获得一个或多个时间重建，并且空间重建和一个或多个时间重建被发送到决策模块。 决策模块将成本函数应用于空间重建和时间重建，并从空间重建和时间重建中选择最小化成本函数的重建。 优选应用是显示系统，特别是使用逐行扫描机制的阴极射线型，液晶型和等离子型显示器。

公开(公告)号：US06480543B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

申请号：US09363135

申请日：1999-07-28

Applicant: Danilo Pau ,  Daniele Bagni ,  Luca Pezzoni

Inventor： Danilo Pau ,  Daniele Bagni ,  Luca Pezzoni

IPC: H04B166

CPC classification number: G06F17/30811 ,  H04N5/147 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/137 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/149 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/179 ,  H04N19/503 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/577 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/87

Abstract: The compression and coding of digital data pertaining to video sequences of pictures including motion estimation for removing temporal redundance are provided by recognizing the occurrence of a change of a scene to control the prediction computation of the pictures. This control is provided using a forward motion estimation for pictures preceding the change of scene, and using a backward motion estimation for pictures subsequent the change of scene of a given sequence. A change of a scene is reliably detected by checking two distinct indexes. These indexes are based on an average value of a smoothness index of the preestablished number of last processed pictures. The smoothness index of a motion field of each picture is calculated by analyzing the motion vectors for all the macroblocks of a subdivision of the picture, except for the peripheral macroblocks. Spurious detections in the event of noisy pictures, zooming and other situations that may adversely affect either one of the indexes are prevented.

Abstract translation: 通过识别场景变化的发生来控制图像的预测计算，提供与包括用于消除时间冗余的运动估计的图像的视频序列相关的数字数据的压缩和编码。 使用对于场景变化之前的图像的向前运动估计，以及使用对于给定序列的场景的改变之后的图像的向后运动估计来提供该控制。 通过检查两个不同的索引来可靠地检测场景的改变。 这些索引基于预先确定的最后处理图像数目的平滑度指数的平均值。 通过分析除了外围宏块之外的图像细分的所有宏块的运动矢量来计算每个图像的运动场的平滑度指数。 发生嘈杂的图像，变焦等可能对任一索引产生不利影响的情况下的杂散检测。

公开(公告)号：US06320907B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09195800

申请日：1998-11-19

Applicant: Danilo Pau ,  Roberta Bruni

Inventor： Danilo Pau ,  Roberta Bruni

IPC: H04B166

CPC classification number: G06T9/008 ,  H04N19/428 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/94

Abstract: The memory requirement of MPEG decoders and SQTV/IQTV systems may be reduced by recompressing the MPEG decoded data stream before storing pixels in an external RAM. An efficient compression method for recompressing video picture data based on the tree-search vector quantization (TSVQ) is made more effective by optimizing the way the quantizer is chosen for quantizing the differences among adjacent pel vectors. This method is based on premultiplying a read-only table using quantized complexity measures relative to the centroids of the tree-like scheme used in the TSVQ processing. A plurality of precalculated tables of quantization of the prediction error of a physical parameter of blocks of digital data are produced. For each one of the regions in which a block is divided, the calculated and quantized complexity measure provides an address that selects the most appropriate precalculated table for quantizing the prediction error. The adaptive tree-search vector quantization method is implemented in a corresponding hardware architecture.

Abstract translation: MPEG解码器和SQTV / IQTV系统的存储器要求可以通过在将像素存储在外部RAM中之前重新压缩MPEG解码数据流来减少。 通过优化用于量化相邻像素矢量之间的差异的量化器的方式，基于树搜索矢量量化（TSVQ）对视频图像数据进行再压缩的有效压缩方法更有效。 该方法基于使用相对于在TSVQ处理中使用的树状方案的质心的量化复杂度度量的只读表。 产生数字数据块的物理参数的预测误差的量化的多个预先计算的表。 对于其中划分块的每个区域，计算和量化的复杂度度量提供了选择用于量化预测误差的最合适的预计算表的地址。 自适应树搜索向量量化方法在相应的硬件架构中实现。

公开(公告)号：US06108381A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US17413

申请日：1998-02-02

Applicant: Danilo Pau ,  Roberta Bruni ,  Roberto Sannino

Inventor： Danilo Pau ,  Roberta Bruni ,  Roberto Sannino

IPC: H04N5/92 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06T9/00 ,  G06T9/40 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N7/01 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/28 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H14N7/12

CPC classification number: G06T9/008 ,  G06T9/40 ,  H04N19/423 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/94

Abstract: A method for reducing the RAM requirement for temporarily storing a stream of data blocks in a coding/decoding system of information transferable by blocks, includes the steps of: compressing and coding the data by blocks through a tree search vector quantization (TSVQ); storing TSVQ compressed and coded data in the RAM; and decoding and decompressing in a subsequent reading of the data stored in the RAM the coded and compressed data, thereby reconstituting the stream of digital data blocks. The method may include fixing a certain scanning path of each data block of the stream to be decomposed into vectors of preestablished dimensions; coding the first vector of the scanning of a certain block of data in an unmodified manner; generating a replica vector of the last coded vector and calculating a prediction error vector; quantizing according to a binary search in a table of read-only quantized vectors the prediction error, by coding its address in the table; and repeating several of the steps for all the vectors of the scanning of each input data block.

Abstract translation: 一种减少用于将数据块流临时存储在块可传输信息的编码/解码系统中的RAM要求的方法，包括以下步骤：通过树搜索矢量量化（TSVQ）对数据进行压缩和编码; 将TSVQ压缩和编码数据存储在RAM中; 并且在随后读取存储在RAM中的数据的解码和解压缩编码和压缩数据，从而重构数字数据块流。 该方法可以包括将要分解的流的每个数据块的特定扫描路径固定成预先建立的维度的向量; 以未修改的方式对特定数据块的扫描的第一向量进行编码; 生成最后编码矢量的副本矢量并计算预测误差矢量; 根据在只读量化矢量的表中的二进制搜索量化量化该预测误差，通过对其表中的地址进行编码; 并且对于每个输入数据块的扫描的所有向量重复若干步骤。

公开(公告)号：US6023295A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-08

申请号：US926352

申请日：1997-09-09

Applicant: Danilo Pau

Inventor： Danilo Pau

IPC: G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/50

CPC classification number: H04N19/428 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/423 ,  H04N19/50 ,  H04N19/61

Abstract: The video memory requirement of an MPEG decoder, or of an SQTV processor, or of similar devices, wherein the storing of full pages or pixels or portions thereof is performed in decoding or in filtering noise, may be dynamically reduced by ADPCM recompressing and decompressing of the MPEG decoded digital data stream, before and after storing the data in the video memory, respectively. A particularly efficient and simple ADPCM compression method employs a differential variance estimator which, instead of processing bidimensional blocks of pels, instead processes blocks of pels all belonging to a same horizontal video line.

Abstract translation: MPEG解码器或SQTV处理器或类似设备的视频存储器要求可以通过ADPCM再压缩和解压缩来动态地减少，其中在解码或滤波噪声中执行全页或像素或其部分的存储 MPEG解码数字数据流，分别在数据存储在视频存储器中之前和之后。 特别有效和简单的ADPCM压缩方法采用差分方差估计器，其不是处理像素的二维块，而是处理所有属于相同水平视频行的像素块。

公开(公告)号：US5889562A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-30

申请号：US810029

申请日：1997-03-04

Applicant: Danilo Pau

Inventor： Danilo Pau

IPC: H04N5/907 ,  H03M7/38 ,  H04N5/44 ,  H04N7/01 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/34 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N9/64 ,  H04N11/04

CPC classification number: H04N7/0132 ,  H04N11/046 ,  H04N19/423 ,  H04N19/593 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/98 ,  H04N9/641

Abstract: An SQTV processor is for converting a video signal received at an interlaced scanning frequency of 50 or 60 Hz to an interlaced scanning frequency of 100 or 120 Hz, respectively, and implementing algorithms for noise filtering and of edge definition. The process includes: an analog-digital converter (ADC) of analog input signals of luminance and chrominance; at least a field memory (FIELD MEMORY.sub.-- 1), or more preferably two similar field memories, where digital blocks of luminance (Y) value and blocks of values of each one of the two chrominance (U, V) components of the converted video signals are stored; one "First-In-First-Out" (LINE MEMORY) register for digital values read from the field memory containing the pixels of a whole line of each field; a noise filtering block (NOISE REDUCTION); a sampling frequency converter (SRC) of the fields from 50 or 60 Hz to 100 or 120 Hz; a conversion circuit for the vertical format (VFC), an edge definition (PE) enhancement circuit; and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) of the processed luminance and chrominance (YUV) signals. The processor further includes a compressing and coding circuit for the converted video signals according to an adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) scheme of the digital values to be stored in the field memory (FIELD MEMORY.sub.-- 1) and an ADPCM decoding and decompressing circuit for data read from the field memory (FIELD MEMORY.sub.-- 1). The significative reduction of the total memory requisite produced by the ADPCM pre-compression makes the entire system more readily integratable on a single chip.

Abstract translation: SQTV处理器用于将以50或60Hz的隔行扫描频率接收的视频信号分别转换为100或120Hz的隔行扫描频率，并实现用于噪声滤波和边缘定义的算法。 该过程包括：亮度和色度的模拟输入信号的模数转换器（ADC）; 至少一个场存储器（FIELD MEMORY-1），或更优选两个类似的场存储器，其中转换的视频的两个色度（U，V）分量的亮度（Y）值的数字块和值的块 信号被存储; 一个“先进先出”（LINE MEMORY）寄存器，用于从包含每个字段的整行的像素的场存储器读取的数字值; 噪声滤波块（NOISE REDUCTION）; 50Hz或60Hz至100Hz或120Hz的场的采样频率转换器（SRC）; 用于垂直格式（VFC）的转换电路，边缘定义（PE）增强电路; 和经处理的亮度和色度（YUV）信号的数模转换器（DAC）。 处理器还包括根据要存储在场存储器（FIELD MEMORY-1）中的数字值的自适应差分脉冲编码调制（ADPCM）方案的转换视频信号的压缩和编码电路以及ADPCM解码和解压缩电路 用于从现场存储器读取的数据（FIELD MEMORY-1）。 通过ADPCM预压缩产生的总内存需求的显着减少使整个系统更容易在单个芯片上集成。

公开(公告)号：US07876971B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-25

申请号：US11526146

申请日：2006-09-21

Applicant: Pierluigi Gardella ,  Massimiliano Barone ,  Edoardo Gallizio ,  Danilo Pau

Inventor： Pierluigi Gardella ,  Massimiliano Barone ,  Edoardo Gallizio ,  Danilo Pau

IPC: G06K9/40 ,  G06K9/36 ,  G06K9/48 ,  G06K15/00 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T5/00

CPC classification number: G06T11/40

Abstract: A system renders a primitive of an image to be displayed, for instance in a mobile 3D graphic pipeline, the primitive including a set of pixels. The system locates the pixels in the area of the primitive, generates, for each pixel located in the area, a set of associated sub-pixels, borrows a set of sub-pixels from neighboring pixels, subjects the set of associated sub-pixels and the borrowed set of pixels to adaptive filtering to create an adaptively filtered set of sub-pixels, and further filters the adaptively filtered set of sub-pixels to compute a final pixel for display. Preferably, the set of associated sub-pixels fulfils at least one of the following: the set includes two associated sub-pixels and the set includes associated sub-pixels placed on pixel edges.

Abstract translation: 系统呈现要显示的图像的原语，例如在移动3D图形流水线中，该图元包括一组像素。 系统定位基元区域中的像素，为位于该区域中的每个像素产生一组相关联的子像素，从相邻像素借用一组子像素，对该组相关联的子像素进行对象，以及 将借用的像素集合进行自适应滤波以创建自适应滤波的子像素组，并且进一步对自适应滤波的子像素组进行滤波以计算用于显示的最终像素。 优选地，该组相关联的子像素满足以下中的至少一个：该集合包括两个相关联的子像素，并且该集合包括放置在像素边缘上的相关联的子像素。

公开(公告)号：US07663695B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-16

申请号：US11041518

申请日：2005-01-21

Applicant: Danilo Pau ,  Emiliano Piccinelli ,  Fabrizio Rovati ,  Daniele Alfonso ,  Elio Privitera ,  Angelo Schiavone

Inventor： Danilo Pau ,  Emiliano Piccinelli ,  Fabrizio Rovati ,  Daniele Alfonso ,  Elio Privitera ,  Angelo Schiavone

IPC: H04N7/01 ,  H04N7/12 ,  H04N5/14 ,  H04N5/16 ,  H04N9/64 ,  H04N11/20

CPC classification number: H04N5/4448 ,  H04N5/145 ,  H04N5/4401 ,  H04N7/012 ,  H04N7/014 ,  H04N7/0142 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/56 ,  H04N21/4122 ,  H04N21/44008 ,  H04N21/4402

Abstract: A spatial-type de-interlacing process to be applied to a digital image for obtaining a spatial reconstruction. Furthermore, to the digital image there are also applied one or more temporal-type motion compensation de-interlacing processes for obtaining one or more temporal reconstructions, and the spatial reconstruction and the one or more temporal reconstructions are sent to a decision module. The decision module applies a cost function to the spatial reconstruction and the temporal reconstructions and chooses from among the spatial reconstruction and the temporal reconstructions the one that minimizes the cost function. Preferential application is to display systems, in particular displays of a cathode-ray type, liquid-crystal type, and plasma type which use a mechanism of progressive scan.

Abstract translation: 要应用于数字图像以获得空间重建的空间型去隔行处理。 此外，对于数字图像，还应用一个或多个时间型运动补偿去隔行处理来获得一个或多个时间重建，并且将空间重建和一个或多个时间重建发送到决策模块。 决策模块将成本函数应用于空间重建和时间重建，并从空间重建和时间重建中选择最小化成本函数的重建。 优选应用是显示系统，特别是使用逐行扫描机制的阴极射线型，液晶型和等离子型显示器。

公开(公告)号：US20090160866A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-25

申请号：US12341725

申请日：2008-12-22

Applicant: Danilo Pau ,  Antonio Maria Borneo ,  Daniele Lavigna

Inventor： Danilo Pau ,  Antonio Maria Borneo ,  Daniele Lavigna

IPC: G06F15/16 ,  H04N7/26

CPC classification number: G06T9/001 ,  H04N19/27 ,  H04N19/42 ,  H04N19/436 ,  H04N19/44

Abstract: A system for decoding a stream of compressed digital video images comprises a graphics accelerator for reading the stream of compressed digital video images, creating, starting from said stream of compressed digital video images, three-dimensional scenes to be rendered, and converting the three-dimensional scenes to be rendered into decoded video images. The graphics accelerator is preferentially configured as pipeline selectively switchable between operation in a graphics context and operation for decoding the stream of video images. The graphics accelerator is controllable during operation for decoding the stream of compressed digital video images via a set of application programming interfaces comprising, in addition to new APIs, also standard APIs for operation of the graphics accelerator in a graphics context.

Abstract translation: 用于解码压缩数字视频图像流的系统包括用于读取压缩数字视频图像流的图形加速器，从所述压缩数字视频图像流开始创建要呈现的三维场景， 要呈现为解码视频图像的三维场景。 图形加速器被优选地配置为在图形上下文的操作和用于解码视频图像流的操作之间有选择地切换的流水线。 图形加速器在操作期间是可控制的，用于经由一组应用程序编程接口解码压缩数字视频图像流，除了新的API之外，还包括用于图形上下文中图形加速器的操作的标准API。