公开(公告)号：US5722290A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-03

申请号：US408412

申请日：1995-03-21

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: G01F23/26

CPC classification number: G01F23/266 ,  G01F23/265 ,  G01F23/268

Abstract: A liquid level sensor based on a closed field circuit comprises a ring oscillator using a symmetrical array of plate units that creates a displacement current. The displacement current varies as a function of the proximity of a liquid to the plate units. The ring oscillator circuit produces an output signal with a frequency inversely proportional to the presence of a liquid. A continuous liquid level sensing device and a two point sensing device are both proposed sensing arrangements. A second set of plates may be located inside of the probe housing relative to the sensing plate units. The second set of plates prevent any interference between the sensing plate units.

Abstract translation: 基于闭路电路的液面传感器包括使用产生位移电流的板单元的对称阵列的环形振荡器。 位移电流根据液体与板单元的接近程度而变化。 环形振荡器电路产生具有与液体存在成反比的频率的输出信号。 连续的液面感测装置和两点感测装置都是提出的感测装置。 第二组板可以相对于传感板单元位于探针壳体的内部。 第二组板防止感测板单元之间的任何干扰。

公开(公告)号：US5499529A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-19

申请号：US70196

申请日：1993-06-02

Applicant: James W. Kronberg ,  James R. Cadieux

Inventor： James W. Kronberg ,  James R. Cadieux

IPC: G01M3/22 ,  G01M3/20

CPC classification number: G01M3/229 ,  G01M3/227

Abstract: A package containing a tracer gas, and a method for determining the presence of a hole in the package by sensing the presence of the gas outside the package. The preferred tracer gas, especially for food packaging, is sulfur hexafluoride. A quantity of the gas is added to the package and the package is closed. The concentration of the gas in the atmosphere outside the package is measured and compared to a predetermined value of the concentration of the gas in the absence of the package. A measured concentration greater than the predetermined value indicates the presence of a hole in the package. Measuring may be done in a chamber having a lower pressure than that in the package.

Abstract translation: 包含示踪气体的包装，以及通过感测包装外部的气体的存在来确定包装中存在孔的方法。 优选的示踪气体，特别是食品包装，是六氟化硫。 将一定量的气体添加到包装中并且包装被关闭。 在封装外的气氛中测量气体的浓度，并将其与不存在封装的气体浓度的预定值进行比较。 大于预定值的测量浓度表示包装中存在孔。 可以在具有比包装中的压力更低的压力的室中进行测量。

公开(公告)号：US5413596A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-09

申请号：US158290

申请日：1993-11-29

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: A61N1/32 ,  A61N1/36

CPC classification number: A61N1/326

Abstract: A device for stimulating bone tissue by applying a low level alternating current signal directly to the patient's skin. A crystal oscillator, a binary divider chain and digital logic gates are used to generate the desired waveforms that reproduce the natural electrical characteristics found in bone tissue needed for stimulating bone growth and treating osteoporosis. The device, powered by a battery, contains a switch allowing selection of the correct waveform for bone growth stimulation or osteoporosis treatment so that, when attached to the skin of the patient using standard skin contact electrodes, the correct signal is communicated to the underlying bone structures.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过将低电平交流信号直接施加到患者皮肤来刺激骨组织的装置。 使用晶体振荡器，二进制分频器链和数字逻辑门来产生期望的波形，其再现在刺激骨生长和治疗骨质疏松症所需的骨组织中发现的自然电特性。 由电池供电的装置包含开关，其允许选择用于骨生长刺激或骨质疏松症治疗的正确波形，使得当使用标准皮肤接触电极附接到患者的皮肤时，将正确的信号传递到下面的骨骼 结构。

公开(公告)号：US5316649A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US665640

申请日：1991-03-05

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: G01N27/30 ,  G01N27/32

CPC classification number: G01N27/301

Abstract: A high frequency reference electrode for electrochemical experiments comprises a mercury-calomel or silver-silver chloride reference electrode with a layer of platinum around it and a layer of a chemically and electrically resistant material such as TEFLON around the platinum covering all but a small ring or "halo" at the tip of the reference electrode, adjacent to the active portion of the reference electrode. The voltage output of the platinum layer, which serves as a redox electrode, and that of the reference electrode are coupled by a capacitor or a set of capacitors and the coupled output transmitted to a standard laboratory potentiostat. The platinum may be applied by thermal decomposition to the surface of the reference electrode. The electrode provides superior high-frequency response over conventional electrodes.

Abstract translation: 用于电化学实验的高频参比电极包括汞 - 甘汞或银 - 氯化银参考电极，其周围具有铂层，并且化学和电阻材料层诸如铂金周围的TEFLON层覆盖除了小环之外， 与参考电极的有效部分相邻的参考电极的尖端处的“晕圈”。 用作氧化还原电极的铂层的电压输出和参考电极的电压输出通过电容器或一组电容器耦合，并将耦合的输出传输到标准实验室恒电位仪。 铂可以通过热分解施加到参比电极的表面。 该电极提供比常规电极更好的高频响应。

公开(公告)号：US5189359A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

申请号：US643317

申请日：1991-01-22

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: H02J7/00

CPC classification number: H02J7/0034 ,  Y10S320/15 ,  Y10S320/20

Abstract: Solid state jumper cables for connecting two batteries in parallel, having two bridge rectifiers for developing a reference voltage, a four-input decoder for determining which terminals are to be connected based on a comparison of the voltage at each of the four terminals to the reference voltage, and a pair of relays for effecting the correct connection depending on the determination of the decoder. No connection will be made unless only one terminal of each battery has a higher voltage than the reference voltage, indicating "positive" terminals, and one has a lower voltage than the reference voltage, indicating "negative" terminals, and that, therefore, the two high voltage terminals may be connected and the two lower voltage terminals may be connected. Current flows once the appropriate relay device is closed. The relay device is preferably a MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) combined with a series array of photodiodes that develop MOSFET gate-closing potential when the decoder output causes an LED to light.

Abstract translation: 用于并联连接两个电池的固态跳线电缆，具有用于开发参考电压的两个桥式整流器，用于根据四个端子中的每一个电压与参考电压的比较来确定要连接哪些端子的四输入解码器 电压和一对继电器，用于根据解码器的确定来实现正确的连接。 不能进行连接，除非每个电池的一个端子的电压高于参考电压，表示“正”端子，并且一个电压低于参考电压，表示“负极”端子，因此， 可以连接两个高压端子，并且可以连接两个低压端子。 一旦适当的中继设备关闭，电流就会流出。 中继装置优选地是与解码器输出使LED点亮的MOSFET（金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管）结合的阵列阵列的光电二极管，其开发MOSFET栅极关闭电位。

公开(公告)号：US5039978A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-13

申请号：US461964

申请日：1990-01-08

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: B60Q3/04 ,  G09F9/33

CPC classification number: B60Q3/046 ,  B60Q3/048 ,  G09F9/33

Abstract: An apparatus and method for using an output device such as an LED to show the approximate analog level of a variable electrical signal wherein a modulating AC waveform is superimposed either on the signal or a reference voltage, both of which are then fed to a comparator which drives the output device. Said device flashes at a constant perceptible rate with a duty cycle which varies in response to variations in the level of the input signal. The human eye perceives these variations in duty cycle as analogous to variations in the level of the input signal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于使用诸如LED的输出装置来显示可变电信号的近似模拟电平的装置和方法，其中调制AC波形叠加在信号或参考电压上，两者都被馈送到比较器 驱动输出设备。 所述装置以恒定的可感知速率闪烁，其占空比响应于输入信号电平的变化而变化。 人眼感知占空比中的这些变化，类似于输入信号电平的变化。

公开(公告)号：US07117034B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-03

申请号：US10875801

申请日：2004-06-24

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: A61N1/36

CPC classification number: A61N1/36021 ,  A61N1/025 ,  A61N1/326 ,  A61N1/36071 ,  G06F19/00

Abstract: An method and method for generating an electrical signal for use in biomedical applications, including two timing-interval generators, each optionally driving a multistep sequencer; analog, digital or hybrid means for combining the resulting timed signals into a complex electrical signal; optional filtering means for blocking direct current, removing selected frequency components from the resulting signal, and/or providing voltage step-up if needed; and conductive means for coupling the resulting signal to a human or animal body, food, beverage or other liquid, cell or tissue culture, or pharmaceutical material, in order to relieve pain, stimulate healing or growth, enhance the production of specific biochemicals, or devitalize selected types of organisms.

Abstract translation: 一种用于生成用于生物医学应用的电信号的方法和方法，包括两个定时间隔发生器，每个可选地驱动多步序列发生器; 模拟，数字或混合装置，用于将所得到的定时信号组合成复合电信号; 可选的滤波装置，用于阻断直流电流，从所得到的信号中去除所选频率分量，和/或如果需要则提供升压升压; 以及用于将所得到的信号耦合到人或动物体，食物，饮料或其它液体，细胞或组织培养物或药物材料以便减轻疼痛，刺激愈合或生长，增强特定生物化学物质生产的导电装置，或 使选定类型的生物体失去活力。

公开(公告)号：US06535767B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-18

申请号：US09935007

申请日：2001-08-21

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: A61N134

CPC classification number: A61N1/36021 ,  A61N1/326 ,  A61N1/36071 ,  A61N1/36178

Abstract: An apparatus for generating an electrical signal for use in biomedical applications, including two timing blocks for generating timing intervals T1-T7, an interconnection block for combining these intervals into an output signal having predetermined relationships among the intervals, an output block for transmitting the output signal to a load, and, optionally, a filter for removing unwanted frequency components from the output signal and an adjustment block for selecting from among a plurality of output signals with predetermined characteristics. The output is a repeating succession of a burst of rectangular waves, an equalizing pulse (if needed) to cancel net DC, and a rest period of no signal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于生成用于生物医学应用的电信号的装置，包括用于产生定时间隔T1-T7的两个定时块，用于将这些间隔组合为具有间隔之间的预定关系的输出信号的互连块，用于发送输出的输出块 信号到负载，以及可选地用于从输出信号中去除不需要的频率分量的滤波器和用于从具有预定特性的多个输出信号中进行选择的调整块。 输出是矩阵波的重复序列，消除净DC的均衡脉冲（如果需要）和无信号的休止周期。

公开(公告)号：US6121716A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

申请号：US891588

申请日：1997-07-11

Applicant: James W. Kronberg ,  Robert M. Younkins

Inventor： James W. Kronberg ,  Robert M. Younkins

IPC: B23K31/02 ,  B23K37/00 ,  H01L41/08

CPC classification number: B23K31/02 ,  B23K37/00

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing cracking in a heated material as the material cools. The apparatus includes a variable frequency electric signal generator that is coupled to a transducer. The transducer produces a variable frequency acoustic signal in response to the variable frequency electric signal, which is applied to the heated material to reduce cracking as the material cools.

Abstract translation: 一种用于当材料冷却时减少加热材料中的开裂的装置和方法。 该装置包括耦合到换能器的可变频率电信号发生器。 传感器响应于可变频率电信号而产生可变频率声信号，该可变频率电信号被施加到被加热的材料以在材料冷却时减少开裂。

公开(公告)号：US5499597A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-19

申请号：US367605

申请日：1995-01-03

Applicant: James W. Kronberg

Inventor： James W. Kronberg

IPC: G01K1/14 ,  G01K11/14 ,  G01K1/02 ,  G01K11/12

CPC classification number: B23K37/006 ,  G01K1/14 ,  G01K11/14 ,  Y10S252/962

Abstract: A reversible optical temperature indicator utilizes thermochromic semiconductors which vary in color in response to various temperature levels. The thermochromic material is enclosed in an enamel which provides protection and prevents breakdown at higher temperatures. Cadmium sulfide is the preferred semiconductor material. The indicator may be utilized as a sign or in a striped arrangement to clearly provide a warning to a user. The various color responses provide multiple levels of alarm.

Abstract translation: 可逆光学温度指示器利用响应于各种温度水平而变化的热变色半导体。 热变色材料封装在搪瓷中，提供保护并防止在较高温度下击穿。 硫化镉是优选的半导体材料。 指示器可以用作标志或以条带布置来清楚地向用户提供警告。 各种颜色响应提供多级报警。