公开(公告)号：US07356112B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-08

申请号：US11531471

申请日：2006-09-13

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  David Jaffray ,  Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen ,  Marcel van Herk ,  Jan-Jakob Sonke

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  David Jaffray ,  Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen ,  Marcel van Herk ,  Jan-Jakob Sonke

IPC分类号： G21N23/083

CPC分类号： G06T5/009 ,  A61N5/1064 ,  G06T5/003 ,  G06T7/0016 ,  G06T7/20 ,  G06T11/005 ,  G06T2207/10081 ,  G06T2207/20068 ,  G06T2207/20192 ,  G06T2207/30061 ,  G06T2207/30096 ,  G06T2211/412

摘要： Artifacts in the reconstructed volume data of cone beam CT systems can be removed by the application of respiration correlation techniques to the acquired projection images. To achieve this, the phase of the patients breathing is monitored while acquiring projection images continuously. On completion of the acquisition, projection images that have comparable breathing phases can be selected from the complete set, and these are used to reconstruct the volume data using similar techniques to those of conventional CT. Any phase can be selected and therefore the effect of breathing can be studied. It is also possible to use a feature in the projection images such as the patient's diaphragm to determine the breathing phase. This feature in the projection images can be used to control delivery of therapeutic radiation dependent on the patient's breathing cycle, to ensure that the tumor is in the correct position when the radiation is delivered.

摘要翻译： 通过对所获取的投影图像应用呼吸相关技术，可以去除锥束CT系统的重建体数据中的伪像。 为了实现这一点，在持续拍摄投影图像的同时监测患者呼吸的阶段。 完成采集后，可以从完整组中选择具有相似呼吸相位的投影图像，并使用与常规CT类似的技术来重建体积数据。 可以选择任何相位，因此可以研究呼吸的效果。 也可以使用诸如患者隔膜的投影图像中的特征来确定呼吸阶段。 投影图像中的该特征可以用于控制取决于患者呼吸周期的治疗辐射的传递，以确保当辐射被递送时肿瘤处于正确的位置。

公开(公告)号：US07349564B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-25

申请号：US10760628

申请日：2004-01-20

申请人： Lambert Zijp ,  Kevin John Brown ,  David Jaffray ,  Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen ,  Marcel van Herk ,  Jan-Jakob Sonke

发明人： Lambert Zijp ,  Kevin John Brown ,  David Jaffray ,  Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen ,  Marcel van Herk ,  Jan-Jakob Sonke

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06T5/009 ,  A61N5/1064 ,  G06T5/003 ,  G06T7/0016 ,  G06T7/20 ,  G06T11/005 ,  G06T2207/10081 ,  G06T2207/20068 ,  G06T2207/20192 ,  G06T2207/30061 ,  G06T2207/30096 ,  G06T2211/412

摘要： An apparatus, method and software module for selecting phase-correlated images from the output of a scanner such as a cone beam CT scanner operates by collapsing the images derived from the series from two dimensions to one dimension by summing the intensities of pixels along a dimension transverse to the one dimension, producing a further image from a composite of the one-dimensional images obtained from images in the series, analysing the further image for periodic patterns, and selecting from the series images having like phase in that periodic pattern. If desired, a plurality of reconstructions can be derived at different phases. The analysis of the further image for periodic patterns can include comparing the one-dimensional images therein, to identify a movement of features in that dimension. This allows (inter alia) the accurate determination of the breathing cycle in a patient and a concomitant improvement in the quality of CT scans by using phase-correlated images.

摘要翻译： 用于从诸如锥形束CT扫描仪的扫描仪的输出中选择相位相关图像的装置，方法和软件模块通过将沿着维度的像素的强度相加而将从二维导出的图像从二维折叠到一维来进行操作 横向于一个维度，从从该系列中的图像获得的一维图像的合成中产生另外的图像，分析另外的图像用于周期性图案，并从具有该周期性图案的类似相位的系列图像中进行选择。 如果需要，可以在不同的阶段导出多个重建。 对于周期性图案的另外的图像的分析可以包括比较其中的一维图像，以识别该维度中的特征的运动。 这允许（特别地）通过使用相位相关图像来准确地确定患者的呼吸周期和伴随的CT扫描质量的改善。

公开(公告)号：US07295648B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-13

申请号：US10971298

申请日：2004-10-21

申请人： Kevin John Brown

发明人： Kevin John Brown

IPC分类号： A61N5/10

CPC分类号： A61N5/1081 ,  A61N5/10 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  A61N5/1082

摘要： A radiation therapy/surgery device optimised to meet the needs of the Neurosurgeon is provided, i.e. one for the treatment of tumours in the brain. It combines the qualities of a good penumbra and accuracy, simple prescription and operation, together with high reliability and minimal technical support. The device comprises a rotateable support, on which is provided a mount extending from the support out of the plane of the circle, and a radiation source attached to the mount via a pivot, the pivot having an axis which passes through the axis of rotation of the support, the radiation source being aligned so as to produce a beam which passes through the co-incidence of the rotation axis and the pivot. It will generally be easier to engineer the apparatus if the rotateable support is planar, and more convenient if the rotateable support is disposed in an upright position. The rotation of the rotateable support will be eased if this part of the apparatus is circular. A particularly preferred orientation is one in which the radiation source is spaced from the rotateable support, to allow it to pivot without fouling the latter. It is thus preferred that the mount extends transverse to the support. In this way, the pivot axis is spaced from the rotateable support providing free space in which the radiation source can pivot. Another way of expressing this preference is to state that the pivot axis is located out of the plane of the rotateable support. To simplify the geometry of the device and the associated arithmetic, it is preferred both that the pivot axis is substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis, and that the beam direction is perpendicular to the pivot axis. It is preferred that the radiation source is a linear accelerator. The output of the radiation source is preferably collimated to conform to the shape of the area to be treated.

摘要翻译： 提供了优化以满足神经外科医生需求的放射治疗/手术装置，即用于治疗脑中肿瘤的放射治疗/手术装置。 它结合了良好的半暗带的质量和准确性，简单的处方和操作，以及高可靠性和最小的技术支持。 该装置包括可旋转的支撑件，其上设置有从支撑件延伸出圆的平面的安装座，以及通过枢轴连接到安装座的辐射源，该枢轴具有穿过轴的旋转轴线 支撑件，辐射源被对准以便产生通过旋转轴线和枢轴的共同入射的梁。 如果可旋转支撑件是平面的，通常更容易设计设备，并且如果可旋转支撑件设置在直立位置，则更方便。 如果设备的这部分是圆形的，则可旋转支撑件的旋转将被缓解。 特别优选的方向是其中辐射源与可旋转支撑件间隔开的方向，以允许其枢转而不使其污染。 因此，优选地，安装件横向于支撑件延伸。 以这种方式，枢转轴线与可旋转支撑件间隔开，从而提供辐射源能在其中枢转的自由空间。 表示这种偏好的另一种方式是说明枢转轴线位于可旋转支撑平面之外。 为了简化装置的几何形状和相关联的运算，优选地，枢转轴线基本上垂直于旋转轴线，并且梁方向垂直于枢转轴线。 优选的是，辐射源是线性加速器。 辐射源的输出优选地被准直以符合待处理区域的形状。

公开(公告)号：US06714627B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

申请号：US09786065

申请日：2001-05-24

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  Peter Williams ,  John Wong ,  Di Yan

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  Peter Williams ,  John Wong ,  Di Yan

IPC分类号： G21K104

CPC分类号： G21K1/04 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  G21K1/046

摘要： A radiotherapy apparatus comprises a first collimator and a second collimator, the first collimator being a multi-leaf collimator, the second collimator comprising a plurality of slits having a width which is a fraction of the width of the leaves of the first collimator, the first and second collimators being aligned such that each slit of the second collimator is associated with a leaf of the first collimator. A first irradiation is made, during which the first collimator will define the outer edge of the irradiation pattern, and the second collimator will serve to narrow the effective width of each leaf of the first collimator. This narrowing is a simple function of the relative widths of the slits of the second collimator and the leaves of the first. This will leave gaps in between the slits of the second collimator, which can then be filled by moving one or more of the patient, first and second collimators, so as to irradiate an area omitted in the first irradiation. In this second irradiation, the positions of the leaves of the first collimator are adjusted as necessary. This process is then repeated until the entire target area has been irradiated. Suitable values for the fraction are {fraction (1/2, 1/3, 1/4)}, or ⅕.

摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置包括第一准直器和第二准直器，所述第一准直器是多叶准直器，所述第二准直器包括多个狭缝，所述多个狭缝的宽度是所述第一准直仪叶片的宽度的一部分， 并且第二准直器被对准，使得第二准直器的每个狭缝与第一准直仪的叶片相关联。 进行第一次照射，在此期间第一准直器将限定照射图案的外边缘，并且第二准直器将用于缩小第一准直仪的每个叶片的有效宽度。 这种变窄是第二准直器的狭缝和第一准直器的叶片的相对宽度的简单函数。 这将在第二准直器的狭缝之间留下间隙，然后可以通过移动患者，第一和第二准直器中的一个或多个来填充，以便照射第一次照射中省略的区域。 在该第二照射中，根据需要调整第一准直仪的叶片的位置。 然后重复该过程直到整个目标区域被照射。 分数的合适值为{分数（1/2，1/3，1/4）}或1/5。

公开(公告)号：US06388816B2

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09791039

申请日：2001-02-22

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  Christopher John Snook ,  William Richard Harwood

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  Christopher John Snook ,  William Richard Harwood

IPC分类号： G02B2730

CPC分类号： G21K1/046 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  G21K1/04

摘要： A collimator for a therapeutic linear accelerator comprising first and second opposed arrays of individually longitudinally moveable elongate leaves, and a blocking element arranged transverse to the two arrays and moveable in that transverse direction, thereby to move into a gap between the tips of a leaf from the first array and a leaf from the second array. The blocking element and the two arrays can be in the same plane, thereby reducing the overall height of the device. As the tips of the leaves are usually profiled, it is preferred that the side edges of the blocking element are profiled to a complementary shape. The side edges of the leaves are usually non-vertical in order to allow for the divergence of the radiation beam. Each leaf will have a different angle. Accordingly, it is preferred that the tip of the blocking element has a variable angle, in order to match the angle of whichever leaf is adjacent. This could be achieved, for example, by making at least the tip in a laminar fashion so that each lamination can slide to form a tip which is angled. Alternatively, a rotatable element could be incorporated into the tip. It is also preferred that the blocking element has a flange which extends from a side thereof, positioned to extend adjacent over the tolerance gap between the blocking element and the leaf. It is obviously preferred if there are two blocking elements, disposed on opposite sides.

摘要翻译： 一种用于治疗性线性加速器的准直器，其包括单独纵向移动的细长叶片的第一和第二相对阵列，以及横向于该两个阵列并沿该横向移动的阻挡元件，从而移动到叶片的尖端之间的间隙中 第一个数组和第二个数组中的一个叶。 阻挡元件和两个阵列可以在同一平面内，从而降低了装置的整体高度。 由于叶片的尖端通常是轮廓，因此优选的是，阻挡元件的侧边缘被成型为互补形状。 叶片的侧边缘通常是非垂直的，以便允许辐射束的发散。 每个叶子将具有不同的角度。 因此，优选的是，阻挡元件的尖端具有可变的角度，以便匹配相邻叶片的角度。 这可以例如通过以层流方式制造至少尖端使得每个层压体可以滑动以形成成角度的尖端来实现。 或者，可旋转元件可以结合到尖端中。 还优选的是，阻挡元件具有从其侧面延伸的凸缘，其被定位成在阻挡元件和叶片之间的公差间隙附近延伸。 如果在相对侧设置两个阻挡元件，则显然是优选的。

公开(公告)号：US06307876B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09582009

申请日：2000-06-20

申请人： Kevin John Brown

发明人： Kevin John Brown

IPC分类号： A61N510

CPC分类号： A61B6/0457 ,  A61N5/10

摘要： Apparatus for treatment by radiotherapy, comprises a patient table, a directional radiation source directed generally toward the patient table, the table and source being movable relative to each other at least axially with respect to the table and rotationally around the axis, the source being directionally adjustable within at least a plane including the longitudinal axis of the table, and including means to correlate axial relative motion of the table and directional adjustment of the source. Thus, the source of such an apparatus can be rotated about the table to access the predetermined position along a series of cones centered on the predetermined position and of the variable angle. Thus, the apparatus effectively accesses the predetermined position via lines of latitude rather than longitude. It is preferred if the source is directionally adjustable across an included angle of at least 20°, preferably more than 30°. The source can be (for example) held within a ring member centered substantially on the patient table.

摘要翻译： 用于通过放射疗法治疗的装置包括患者台，大致朝向患者台的方向性辐射源，桌子和源可相对于彼此至少轴向相对于彼此移动并且绕轴线旋转地移动，源是定向的 在至少包括工作台的纵向轴线的平面内可调节，并且包括使工作台的轴向相对运动和源的方向调节相关联的装置。 因此，这种装置的源可以围绕工作台旋转，以沿着在预定位置和可变角度为中心的一系列锥体进入预定位置。 因此，装置通过纬度线而不是经度线有效地访问预定位置。 优选地，源是在至少20°，优选大于30°的夹角上是可定向调节的。 源可以（例如）保持在基本上位于患者台上的环形构件中。

公开(公告)号：US20100310045A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

申请号：US12809238

申请日：2007-12-21

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompspm ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompspm ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

IPC分类号： G01N23/04 ,  H05G1/52 ,  A61N5/10

CPC分类号： H05H7/12 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J2235/08 ,  H05H6/00 ,  H05H9/04

摘要： X-ray apparatus comprises a linear accelerator adapted to produce a beam of electrons at one of at least two selectable energies and being controlled to change the selected energy on a periodic basis, and a target to which the beam is directed thereby to produce a beam of x-radiation, the target being non-homogenous and being driven to move periodically in synchrony with the change of the selected energy. In this way, the target can move so that a different part is exposed to the electron beam when different pulses arrive. This enables the appropriate target material to be employed depending on the selected energy. The easiest form of periodic movement for the target is likely to be a rotational movement. The target can be immersed in a coolant fluid such as water. The linear accelerator can be of the type disclosed in WO2006/097697A1. The target preferably contains at least one exposed area of tungsten and/or at least one exposed area of carbon. These can be present as inhomogeneities in the material of which the target is composed, such as Carbon inserts in a Tungsten substrate (or vice versa), alternating segments of Carbon and Tungsten, Carbon and Tungsten inserts in a substrate of a third material, or arrangements involving other materials in addition to or instead of Carbon and/or Tungsten. Alternatively, the target can be of a homogenous material but have inhomogeneities in its thickness to cater for the different electron energies. The same concept can be applied to the filter. A detector can be provided, operating in synchrony with the energy variation. Such an x-ray apparatus can form a part of a radiotherapy apparatus, in which case the first selected energy can be a diagnostic energy and a second selected energy a therapeutic energy.

摘要翻译： X射线装置包括线性加速器，其适于以至少两个可选择的能量之一产生电子束，并被控制以周期性地改变所选择的能量，以及射束从而产生射束 的x辐射，目标是不均匀的并且被驱动以与所选择的能量的变化同步地周期性地移动。 以这种方式，当不同的脉冲到达时，目标可以移动，使得不同的部分暴露于电子束。 这使得能够根据所选择的能量使用适当的目标材料。 目标的最简单的周期性运动形式可能是旋转运动。 目标可以浸入冷却液如水中。 线性加速器可以是WO2006 / 097697A1中公开的类型。 目标优选地包含钨的至少一个暴露区域和/或至少一个暴露的碳区域。 这些可以作为靶材组成的材料中的不均匀性，例如在钨基底（或反之亦然）中的碳插入物），碳和钨的交替段，碳和钨插入物在第三材料的衬底中，或 除碳或/或钨之外还有其他材料的安排。 或者，靶可以是均质材料，但是其厚度具有不均匀性以适应不同的电子能量。 相同的概念可以应用于过滤器。 可以提供与能量变化同步操作的检测器。 这种X射线设备可以形成放射治疗设备的一部分，在这种情况下，第一选择的能量可以是诊断能量，而第二选择的能量可以是治疗能量。

公开(公告)号：US07729473B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-01

申请号：US12181492

申请日：2008-07-29

申请人： David A. Jaffray ,  Kevin John Brown ,  Gregory Bootsma ,  Mark Ruschin ,  Per Carlsson

发明人： David A. Jaffray ,  Kevin John Brown ,  Gregory Bootsma ,  Mark Ruschin ,  Per Carlsson

IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  H05G1/02

CPC分类号： A61N5/1084 ,  A61N5/1065 ,  A61N2005/1059 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  A61N2005/1063 ,  A61N2005/1097

摘要： A highly compact, high-performance volumetric imaging system is proposed, that is integrated with a multi-source Cobalt-60 gamma irradiator for high throughput, high accuracy and minimally invasive fractioned treatments of intracranial, orbital and head-and-neck targets.

公开(公告)号：US20100027744A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

申请号：US12181492

申请日：2008-07-29

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  Gregory Bootsma ,  Mark Ruschin ,  David A. Jaffray ,  Per Carlsson

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  Gregory Bootsma ,  Mark Ruschin ,  David A. Jaffray ,  Per Carlsson

IPC分类号： A61N5/10

CPC分类号： A61N5/1084 ,  A61N5/1065 ,  A61N2005/1059 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  A61N2005/1063 ,  A61N2005/1097

摘要： A highly compact, high-performance volumetric imaging system is proposed, that is integrated with a multi-source Cobalt-60 gamma irradiator for high throughput, high accuracy and minimally invasive fractioned treatments of intracranial, orbital and head-and-neck targets.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种高度紧凑，高性能的体积成像系统，其与多源Cobalt-60伽马辐射器集成，用于高通量，高精度和微创分级治疗颅内，眼眶和头颈部靶标。

公开(公告)号：US07249145B1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-24

申请号：US09687420

申请日：2000-10-13

申请人： Peter Joseph Rock ,  Robert Patrick Tameo ,  Brian Edward Dix ,  Kevin John Brown ,  Bridget Buzdon Davis

发明人： Peter Joseph Rock ,  Robert Patrick Tameo ,  Brian Edward Dix ,  Kevin John Brown ,  Bridget Buzdon Davis

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06Q10/10 ,  G06Q10/06 ,  G06Q30/02 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99948

摘要： A candidate selection system that generates data-driven candidate selections of large populations of submitted résumés using common independent assessment variables and against desired qualities is described. A processor executing the candidate selection program is pre-programmed to include a listing of desired qualities that the ideal candidate for the position should possess. Each submitted résumé is reviewed and data input from the résumés is normalized to produce values representing weighted scores unique to the specific candidate and in terms of the sought-after desired dependant qualities.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用常见的独立评估变量和所期望的质量生成数据驱动的大量提交简历的候选人选择系统。 执行候选选择程序的处理器被预先编程为包括该位置的理想候选人应具有的期望质量的列表。 审查每个提交的简历，并将简历中的数据输入归一化，以产生表示特定候选人特有的加权分数的值，以及所追求的所需依赖性质量。