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公开(公告)号：US20110201920A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US12704986
申请日：2010-02-12
申请人： John Allen , Kevin John Brown
发明人： John Allen , Kevin John Brown
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1045 , A61N5/1048 , A61N5/1071 , A61N5/1081 , A61N2005/1054 , A61N2005/1055 , G01R33/4808
摘要： A radiotherapy system comprises a patient support, moveable along a translation axis, an imaging apparatus, comprising a first magnetic coil and a second magnetic coil, the first and second magnetic coils having a common central axis parallel to the translation axis, and being displaced from one another along the central axis to form a gap therebetween, the imaging apparatus being configured to obtain an image of a patient on the patient support, a source of radiation mounted on a chassis, the chassis being rotatable about the central axis and the source being adapted to emit a beam of radiation through the gap along a beam axis that intersects with the central axis, a multi-leaf collimator comprising a plurality of elongate leaves movable between at least a withdrawn position in which the leaf lies outside the beam, and an extended position in which the leaf projects across the beam, and a radiation detector mounted to the chassis opposite the source, the radiation detector having a plurality of detector elements aligned with the elongate leaves when projected onto an isocentric plane.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗系统包括可沿着平移轴线移动的患者支架，包括第一电磁线圈和第二电磁线圈的成像装置，所述第一和第二磁线圈具有平行于所述平移轴的公共中心轴线， 另一个沿着中心轴线在其间形成间隙，成像装置被配置为获得病人支撑物上的患者的图像，安装在底盘上的辐射源，底盘可围绕中心轴线旋转， 适于沿着与所述中心轴相交的束轴发射通过所述间隙的辐射束;多叶准直器，包括多个细长叶片，所述多叶片准直器至少在所述叶片位于所述梁的外部的撤回位置之间移动， 延伸位置，其中叶片跨过梁进行突出，以及辐射检测器，安装到底盘与源相对，辐射探测器具有ap 当投影到等中心平面上时，检测器元件与细长叶片对准的灵敏度。
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公开(公告)号：US08306189B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-06
申请号：US12809238
申请日：2007-12-21
申请人： Kevin John Brown , Maria Giulia Thompson , Vibeke Nordmark Hansen , Philip Mark Evans , David Anthony Roberts
发明人： Kevin John Brown , Maria Giulia Thompson , Vibeke Nordmark Hansen , Philip Mark Evans , David Anthony Roberts
IPC分类号： H01J35/00
CPC分类号： H05H7/12 , H01J35/00 , H01J2235/08 , H05H6/00 , H05H9/04
摘要： X-ray apparatus comprises a linear accelerator adapted to produce a beam of electrons at one of at least two selectable energies and being controlled to change the selected energy on a periodic basis, and a target to which the beam is directed thereby to produce a beam of x-radiation, the target being non-homogenous and being driven to move periodically in synchrony with the change of the selected energy. In this way, the target can move so that a different part is exposed to the electron beam when different pulses arrive. This enables the appropriate target material to be employed depending on the selected energy. The easiest form of periodic movement for the target is likely to be a rotational movement.
摘要翻译： X射线装置包括线性加速器，其适于以至少两个可选择的能量之一产生电子束，并被控制以周期性地改变所选择的能量，以及射束从而产生射束 的x辐射，目标是不均匀的并且被驱动以与所选择的能量的变化同步地周期性地移动。 以这种方式，当不同的脉冲到达时，目标可以移动，使得不同的部分暴露于电子束。 这使得能够根据所选择的能量使用适当的目标材料。 目标的最简单的周期性运动形式可能是旋转运动。
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公开(公告)号：US07257196B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-14
申请号：US10469481
申请日：2003-02-27
IPC分类号： G21K1/02
CPC分类号： A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1047 , G21K1/04 , G21K1/046
摘要： A radiotherapeutic apparatus employs a collimator (52) set below a radiation source (50) and is adapted to move along an arc (54) substantially centered on the radiation source (50). As it sweeps the arc, the collimator (52) is adjusted so as to define the appropriate shape of radiation beam. A continuous sweep over the patient avoids edge artefacts and localized accumulation of leakage.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置使用设置在辐射源（50）下方的准直器（52），并且适于沿着基本上位于辐射源（50）中心的弧（54）移动。 当扫描电弧时，调整准直器（52）以便限定辐射束的合适形状。 持续扫过患者可避免边缘伪像和局部渗漏。
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公开(公告)号：US09694205B2
公开(公告)日：2017-07-04
申请号：US12704966
申请日：2010-02-12
申请人： John Allen , Duncan Neil Bourne , Kevin John Brown
发明人： John Allen , Duncan Neil Bourne , Kevin John Brown
CPC分类号： A61N5/1045 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1049 , A61N5/1081 , A61N2005/1054 , A61N2005/1055
摘要： Radiotherapy apparatus comprises a source of radiation mounted on a chassis, that is rotatable about a rotation axis and the source being adapted to emit a beam of radiation along a beam axis; a patient support, moveable along a translation axis; a set of magnetic coils located on either side of the beam, for establishing a magnetic field along a first direction; the translation axis, the rotation axis, and the first direction being substantially parallel; and further comprising a multi-leaf collimator fixed in its orientation with respect to the source of radiation, the multi-leaf collimator comprising a plurality of elongate leaves disposed with their longitudinal directions substantially aligned with the first direction and movable in that direction between a withdrawn position in which the leaf lies outside the beam, an extended position in which the leaf projects across the beam.
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公开(公告)号：US20110199085A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US13035364
申请日：2011-02-25
申请人： John Allen , Kevin John Brown
发明人： John Allen , Kevin John Brown
IPC分类号： G01R33/48
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1045 , A61N5/1048 , A61N5/1071 , A61N5/1081 , A61N2005/1054 , A61N2005/1055 , G01R33/4808
摘要： A radiotherapy system comprises a patient support, moveable along a translation axis, an imaging apparatus, comprising a first magnetic coil and a second magnetic coil, the first and second magnetic coils having a common central axis parallel to the translation axis, and being displaced from one another along the central axis to form a gap therebetween, the imaging apparatus being configured to obtain an image of a patient on the patient support, a source of radiation mounted on a chassis, the chassis being rotatable about the central axis and the source being adapted to emit a beam of radiation through the gap along a beam axis that intersects with the central axis, a multi-leaf collimator comprising a plurality of elongate leaves movable between at least a withdrawn position in which the leaf lies outside the beam, and an extended position in which the leaf projects across the beam, and a radiation detector mounted to the chassis opposite the source, the radiation detector having a plurality of detector elements aligned with the elongate leaves when projected onto an isocentric plane.
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公开(公告)号：US20100128951A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-27
申请号：US12596042
申请日：2007-04-18
申请人： Kevin John Brown
发明人： Kevin John Brown
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 , A61N5/103 , A61N5/1067 , A61N5/1084 , A61N2005/1061
摘要： A treatment planning apparatus for radiation treatment is described, adapted to accept a treatment plan comprising (i) a prior image of a region to be treated and a plurality of dose locations within the prior image, and (ii) a current image of the region to be treated, the apparatus comprising an associating means arranged, for each dose location, to locate an anatomical structure in the prior image proximate that dose location; a comparator for comparing the prior image and the current image, locating in the current image at least those anatomical structures that are associated with a dose location, and determining a transformation between the prior image and the current image for each anatomical structure; and a processing means for determining a current dose location by applying to each dose location the transformation determined in respect of the associated anatomical structure. This is particularly useful for the neck region of a patient, where the likelihood and magnitude of movements are both high, but there are plenty of distinguishable anatomical features in the form of the vertebrae.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于放射治疗的治疗计划装置，其适于接受治疗计划，其包括（i）待治疗区域的先前图像和在先图像内的多个剂量位置，以及（ii）该区域的当前图像 所述装置包括关联装置，其针对每个剂量位置布置在邻近该剂量位置的先前图像中定位解剖结构; 比较器，用于比较现有图像和当前图像，将当前图像中至少定位到与剂量位置相关联的那些解剖结构定位，以及确定每个解剖结构的现有图像和当前图像之间的变换; 以及处理装置，用于通过向每个剂量位置施加关于相关解剖结构确定的变换来确定当前剂量位置。 这对于患者的颈部区域特别有用，其中运动的可能性和大小都很高，但是椎骨形式中存在大量可区分的解剖特征。
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公开(公告)号：US07672428B1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US11435927
申请日：2006-05-17
申请人： Kevin John Brown , Paul Boxall
发明人： Kevin John Brown , Paul Boxall
CPC分类号： A61N5/1048
摘要： Recent advances in treatment planning and in the apparatus able to deliver such plans has called for the dose rate, i.e. the instantaneous power output of the radiation source, to be varied with time. This presents a difficulty in that the checking systems must monitor a varying power level against a varying valid range. We therefore monitor, instead, the energy of the individual pulses that form the beam. Known checking systems average out many pulses to determine the recent average power output by checking an ionization chamber every 100 ms or so. By reducing that time to less than a few milliseconds, a single pulse can be captured. The usual manner of varying the output of a radiation source of this type is to vary the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and therefore the measured power output will remain constant notwithstanding changes to the time-averaged power output, and can be compared to a standard.
摘要翻译： 治疗计划和能够提供这种计划的装置的最新进展已经要求剂量率，即辐射源的瞬时功率输出随时间变化。 这提出了一个困难，即检查系统必须根据变化的有效范围来监视不同的功率电平。 因此，我们监测形成光束的单个脉冲的能量。 已知的检查系统平均出现许多脉冲以通过每100ms左右检查电离室来确定最近的平均功率输出。 通过将该时间减少到少于几毫秒，可以捕获单个脉冲。 改变这种类型的辐射源的输出的通常方式是改变脉冲重复频率（PRF），因此尽管时间平均功率输出有变化，测量的功率输出将保持恒定，并且可以与标准 。
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公开(公告)号：US07157868B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-02
申请号：US11194886
申请日：2005-08-01
申请人： Kevin John Brown , Terry Arthur Large , Wei Yu
发明人： Kevin John Brown , Terry Arthur Large , Wei Yu
IPC分类号： H05H9/00
摘要： A linear accelerator comprises a series of accelerating cavities, adjacent pairs of which are coupled via coupling cavities, in which at least one coupling cavity comprises a rotationally asymmetric element that is rotateable thereby to vary the coupling offered by that cavity. A control means for the accelerator is also provided, adapted to control operation of the accelerator and rotation of the asymmetric element, arranged to operate the accelerator in a pulsed manner and to rotate the asymmetric element between pulses to control the energy of successive pulses. A beneficial way of doing so is to rotate the asymmetric element continuously during operation of the linear accelerator. Then, the control means need only adjust the phase of successive pulses so that during the brief period of the pulse, the asymmetric element is “seen” to be at the required position. The asymmetric element can disposed within an evacuated part of the accelerator and rotated by way of an electromagnetic interaction with parts outside the evacuated part. No parts associated with the drive need therefore pass through the vacuum seal. This could be achieved by providing at least one magnetically polarized member on the asymmetric element and at least one electrical coil outside the evacuated part.
摘要翻译： 线性加速器包括一系列加速腔，其相邻的一对通过联接腔耦合，其中至少一个耦合空腔包括可旋转的不对称元件，由此可改变由该空腔提供的耦合。 还提供了一种用于加速器的控制装置，其适于控制加速器的操作和非对称元件的旋转，其布置成以脉冲方式操作加速器并且在脉冲之间旋转不对称元件以控制连续脉冲的能量。 这样做的有益方式是在线性加速器的操作期间连续旋转不对称元件。 然后，控制装置仅需要调整连续脉冲的相位，使得在脉冲的短暂时段期间，非对称元件被“看到”在所需位置。 非对称元件可以设置在加速器的抽真空部分中，并且通过与抽空部件外部的部件的电磁相互作用而旋转。 因此，与驱动器相关的部件不需要通过真空密封。 这可以通过在不对称元件上提供至少一个磁极化构件和在抽空部分外部的至少一个电线圈来实现。
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公开(公告)号：US07356112B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US11531471
申请日：2006-09-13
IPC分类号： G21N23/083
CPC分类号： G06T5/009 , A61N5/1064 , G06T5/003 , G06T7/0016 , G06T7/20 , G06T11/005 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/20068 , G06T2207/20192 , G06T2207/30061 , G06T2207/30096 , G06T2211/412
摘要： Artifacts in the reconstructed volume data of cone beam CT systems can be removed by the application of respiration correlation techniques to the acquired projection images. To achieve this, the phase of the patients breathing is monitored while acquiring projection images continuously. On completion of the acquisition, projection images that have comparable breathing phases can be selected from the complete set, and these are used to reconstruct the volume data using similar techniques to those of conventional CT. Any phase can be selected and therefore the effect of breathing can be studied. It is also possible to use a feature in the projection images such as the patient's diaphragm to determine the breathing phase. This feature in the projection images can be used to control delivery of therapeutic radiation dependent on the patient's breathing cycle, to ensure that the tumor is in the correct position when the radiation is delivered.
摘要翻译： 通过对所获取的投影图像应用呼吸相关技术，可以去除锥束CT系统的重建体数据中的伪像。 为了实现这一点，在持续拍摄投影图像的同时监测患者呼吸的阶段。 完成采集后，可以从完整组中选择具有相似呼吸相位的投影图像，并使用与常规CT类似的技术来重建体积数据。 可以选择任何相位，因此可以研究呼吸的效果。 也可以使用诸如患者隔膜的投影图像中的特征来确定呼吸阶段。 投影图像中的该特征可以用于控制取决于患者呼吸周期的治疗辐射的传递，以确保当辐射被递送时肿瘤处于正确的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US07349564B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-25
申请号：US10760628
申请日：2004-01-20
申请人： Lambert Zijp , Kevin John Brown , David Jaffray , Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen , Marcel van Herk , Jan-Jakob Sonke
发明人： Lambert Zijp , Kevin John Brown , David Jaffray , Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen , Marcel van Herk , Jan-Jakob Sonke
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T5/009 , A61N5/1064 , G06T5/003 , G06T7/0016 , G06T7/20 , G06T11/005 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/20068 , G06T2207/20192 , G06T2207/30061 , G06T2207/30096 , G06T2211/412
摘要： An apparatus, method and software module for selecting phase-correlated images from the output of a scanner such as a cone beam CT scanner operates by collapsing the images derived from the series from two dimensions to one dimension by summing the intensities of pixels along a dimension transverse to the one dimension, producing a further image from a composite of the one-dimensional images obtained from images in the series, analysing the further image for periodic patterns, and selecting from the series images having like phase in that periodic pattern. If desired, a plurality of reconstructions can be derived at different phases. The analysis of the further image for periodic patterns can include comparing the one-dimensional images therein, to identify a movement of features in that dimension. This allows (inter alia) the accurate determination of the breathing cycle in a patient and a concomitant improvement in the quality of CT scans by using phase-correlated images.
摘要翻译： 用于从诸如锥形束CT扫描仪的扫描仪的输出中选择相位相关图像的装置，方法和软件模块通过将沿着维度的像素的强度相加而将从二维导出的图像从二维折叠到一维来进行操作 横向于一个维度，从从该系列中的图像获得的一维图像的合成中产生另外的图像，分析另外的图像用于周期性图案，并从具有该周期性图案的类似相位的系列图像中进行选择。 如果需要，可以在不同的阶段导出多个重建。 对于周期性图案的另外的图像的分析可以包括比较其中的一维图像，以识别该维度中的特征的运动。 这允许（特别地）通过使用相位相关图像来准确地确定患者的呼吸周期和伴随的CT扫描质量的改善。
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