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公开(公告)号：US5261375A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US575534
申请日：1990-08-29
IPC分类号： F02B27/00 , F02B27/02 , F02B75/18 , F02B75/22 , F02D41/30 , F02M35/10 , F02M51/00 , F02M61/14 , F02M69/46 , F02M55/02
CPC分类号： F02M35/10321 , F02B27/006 , F02B27/0263 , F02D41/3005 , F02M35/10 , F02M35/10039 , F02M35/10085 , F02M35/10118 , F02M35/10216 , F02M35/10222 , F02M35/10236 , F02M35/10249 , F02M35/10354 , F02M35/116 , F02M51/005 , F02M61/145 , F02M69/465 , F02B2075/1832 , F02B75/22 , F02D2400/21 , F02F2200/06 , F05C2225/08 , Y02T10/146
摘要： An integrated induction system for providing fluids to the cylinders in an engine comprises a casing adapted for mounting on the engine. The casing has an air inlet and a plurality of fluid outlets. A plurality of air tubes are disposed within the casing so that air entering the air inlet flows through the air tubes and respective fluid outlets to the cylinders. A fuel injection assembly is mounted within the casing to inject fuel into the air exiting the air tubes adjacent each of the fluid outlets causing a mixture of air and fuel to enter the respective cylinders.
摘要翻译： 用于向发动机中的气缸提供流体的集成感应系统包括适于安装在发动机上的壳体。 壳体具有空气入口和多个流体出口。 多个空气管设置在壳体内，使得进入空气入口的空气流过空气管和相应的流体出口到气缸。 燃料喷射组件安装在壳体内以将燃料喷射到与每个流体出口相邻的空气管中的空气中，导致空气和燃料的混合物进入相应的气缸。
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公开(公告)号：US08197982B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US13296580
申请日：2011-11-15
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/0273 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2432 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2008/1293
摘要： A fuel cell stack is provided with a plurality of fuel cell cassettes where each fuel cell cassette has a fuel cell with an anode and cathode. The fuel cell stack includes an anode supply chimney for supplying fuel to the anode of each fuel cell cassette, an anode return chimney for removing anode exhaust from the anode of each fuel cell cassette, a cathode supply chimney for supplying oxidant to the cathode of each fuel cell cassette, and a cathode return chimney for removing cathode exhaust from the cathode of each fuel cell cassette. A first fuel cell cassette includes a flow control member disposed between the anode supply chimney and the anode return chimney or between the cathode supply chimney and the cathode return chimney such that the flow control member provides a flow restriction different from at least one other fuel cell cassettes.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆设置有多个燃料电池盒，其中每个燃料电池盒具有带阳极和阴极的燃料电池。 燃料电池堆包括用于向每个燃料电池盒的阳极供应燃料的阳极供应烟囱，用于从每个燃料电池盒的阳极去除阳极废气的阳极返回烟囱，用于向每个燃料电池盒的阴极供应氧化剂的阴极供应烟囱 燃料电池盒和阴极返回烟囱，用于从每个燃料电池盒的阴极去除阴极排气。 第一燃料电池盒包括设置在阳极供应烟囱和阳极返回烟囱之间或阴极供应烟囱和阴极返回烟囱之间的流量控制构件，使得流量控制构件提供与至少一个其它燃料电池不同的流动限制 盒子
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公开(公告)号：US08048587B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-01
申请号：US10305881
申请日：2002-11-27
申请人： Haskell Simpkins , Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. , Subhasish Mukerjee , Kenneth Scott Weil , Dean Paxton
发明人： Haskell Simpkins , Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. , Subhasish Mukerjee , Kenneth Scott Weil , Dean Paxton
CPC分类号： H01M8/0232 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/248
摘要： An electrically-conductive mesh spacer incorporated into the hydrogen and air gas flow spaces between each anode and cathode and its adjacent interconnect in a fuel cell stack. The mesh is formed of metal strands and is formed into a predetermined three-dimensional pattern to make contact at a plurality of points on the surfaces of the electrode and the interconnect element. The formed mesh spacer is secured as by brazing to the interconnect element at a plurality of locations to form an interconnect, which preserves the pattern during assembly of a fuel cell stack. The height of the formed pattern is greater than the height of a gas flow space after fuel cell assembly, such that the mesh spacer is slightly compressed during assembly of a fuel cell stack. Because the metal mesh is both compliant and resilient, the compressed spacer is continuously urged into mechanical and electrical contact with its electrode over all temperatures and pressures to which the fuel cell assembly may be subjected during use.
摘要翻译： 导电网格隔离物，其结合在燃料电池堆中的每个阳极和阴极之间的氢气和空气气体流动空间及其相邻的互连中。 网格由金属线形成，并且形成为预定的三维图案以在电极和互连元件的表面上的多个点处接触。 形成的网格间隔件通过在多个位置处通过钎焊固定到互连元件上，以形成互连，其在燃料电池堆的组装期间保持图案。 形成的图案的高度大于燃料电池组件之后的气体流动空间的高度，使得在燃料电池堆的组装期间网格间隔件被轻微地压缩。 因为金属网既顺从又具有弹性，所以在使用期间燃料电池组件可能经受的所有温度和压力下，压缩间隔物被连续推动与其电极机械和电接触。
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14.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having a fuel combustor to pre-heat reformer on start-up 有权具有燃料燃烧器的固体氧化物燃料电池系统在启动时预热重整器公开(公告)号：US07410016B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US10178125
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： B60K1/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C13/02 , F23C2900/03002 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/249
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell system, a catalytic reformer unit provides reformate fuel for use by the cells in generating electricity. Both the reformer and the fuel cells require elevated temperatures for satisfactory operation. The reformer unit is provided with a combustion chamber and igniter ahead of the catalytic reformer plates such that, during start-up, fuel/air mixture normally destined for reformation may be ignited in the combustion chamber to provide a hot combustion exhaust which is fed through the catalytic reformer and the anode reformate flow spaces to assist in rapidly bringing the fuel cell system to operating temperature.
摘要翻译： 在固体氧化物燃料电池系统中，催化重整单元提供用于发电的电池的重整燃料。 重整器和燃料电池都需要升高的温度才能令人满意的操作。 重整器单元在催化重整器板之前设置有燃烧室和点火器，使得在启动期间，通常用于改造的燃料/空气混合物可能在燃烧室中点燃以提供通过 催化重整器和阳极重整物流动空间，以帮助快速使燃料电池系统达到工作温度。
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15.发明授权Apparatus and method for operation of a high temperature fuel cell system using recycled anode exhaust 有权使用再循环阳极排气的高温燃料电池系统的操作装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07326482B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-05
申请号：US10793302
申请日：2004-03-04
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/38 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0238 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/148 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/0618 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2008/147 , Y02E60/526 , Y02P20/142
摘要： A method for improving the efficiency of a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer and close-coupled fuel cell system by recycling a percentage of the anode exhaust syngas directly into the reformer in a range between about 20% and about 60%. Oxygen is supplied to the reformer at start-up. Under equilibrium conditions, oxygen required for reforming of hydrocarbon fuel is derived entirely from endothermic reforming of water and carbon dioxide in the recycled syngas. Recycling of anode syngas into the reformer increases fuel efficiency, adds excess water to the reformate to increase protection against anode coking, and protects the fuel cell stack against air- and water-borne contaminants. A method for producing an excess amount of syngas for exporting for other purposes is also provided.
摘要翻译： 通过将一定比例的阳极排气合成气直接再循环到重整器中，在约20％至约60％之间的范围内提高烃催化重整器和紧密耦合燃料电池系统的效率的方法。 启动时将氧气提供给重整器。 在平衡条件下，烃燃料重整所需的氧气完全来源于再循环合成气中水和二氧化碳的吸热重整。 将阳极合成气再循环到重整器中可提高燃料效率，为重整产品添加过量的水以增加对阳极焦化的保护，并保护燃料电池堆免受空气和水传播的污染物的影响。 还提供了用于生产用于出口用于其它目的的过量合成气的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07147953B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10178282
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/249 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell assembly comprising a plurality of individual fuel cells, especially a solid-oxide fuel cell assembly. The cells are organized into a plurality of stacks, preferably two stacks, disposed side-by-side rather than end-to-end as in a prior art monolithic single stack. This arrangement makes the assembly compact physically, which can be highly desirable in some fuel cell applications. The stacks are connected conventionally in series electrically but are supplied with air and fuel in parallel to shorten the distribution manifolds and improve uniformity of distribution and exhaust among all the cells.
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公开(公告)号：US07144644B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-05
申请号：US10178825
申请日：2002-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04022 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02T90/32
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell assembly, at least one positive displacement air supply (PDAS) pump supplies at least a portion of the air required for various functional air streams through the assembly. Mass air flow through each PDAS pump is readily controlled to a predetermined flow by controlling the rotational speed of the pump, obviating the need for an MAF sensor and control valve. Preferably, each different air stream through the assembly is controlled by its own PDAS pump, sized for the required flow, allowing each to operate at its optimal pressure and thereby minimizing the parasitic electrical cost of providing air to the SOFC assembly.
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公开(公告)号：US07008715B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10178862
申请日：2002-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/2425 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/2483
摘要： A fuel cell assembly or system including flexible metal bellows elements in one or more tubes intended for carrying hot gases during operation of the assembly. The bellows elements include a tubing element having plurality of annular corrugated folds. Thermal expansion and contraction of rigid tubes and of the non-tubular elements of the assembly can lead to buckling, cracking, and failure of the tubes and failure of the assembly or system. The flexible bellows elements, having relatively low axial and radial spring rates thus are able to absorb thermal and vibrational dimensional changes in the assembly. In addition, the corrugations provide significant resistance to axial heat flow and large radiant surface area, thus increasing thermal isolation where desired between relatively hot and relatively cold regions of the assembly.
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公开(公告)号：US06759155B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-06
申请号：US09838677
申请日：2001-04-19
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 , F28D9/005 , F28D9/0093 , F28F3/04 , H01M8/04014
摘要： A fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, a reformer system, and a waste energy recovery (or heat exchanger) assembly is presented. The waste energy recovery assembly receives an anode supply and a cathode supply that are heated by exhaust gases from the fuel cell stack. The heated anode supply and cathode supply are then directed to the fuel cell stack. The waste energy recovery assembly includes a series of stacked plates. The flow direction of the plates alternates from one plate to the next. These plates are alternately stacked until the desired flow area and heat transfer are achieved. Since the direction of flow of each plate is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the next plate in series, the cool (anode and cathode) gases flow along side a plate experiencing a flow of heated exhaust gases and are thusly heated.
摘要翻译： 提出了包括燃料电池堆，重整器系统和废能回收（或热交换器）组件的燃料电池系统。 废能回收组件接收由来自燃料电池堆的废气加热的阳极供应源和阴极电源。 然后将加热的阳极供电和阴极电源引导到燃料电池堆。 废能回收组件包括一系列堆叠的板。 板的流动方向从一个板交替到另一个板。 这些板交替堆叠，直到达到所需的流动面积和热传递。 由于每个板的流动方向垂直于下一个板的串联流动方向，所以冷却（阳极和阴极）气体沿着经受加热废气流的板流动，因此被加热。
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公开(公告)号：US06627339B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09838661
申请日：2001-04-19
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/2415 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/2484 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell comprising a fuel cell stack portion integrally connected to a waste energy recovery portion by a distribution manifold is presented. The fuel cell stack portion has supply and exhaust openings. The waste energy recovery portion has flow channels defined therein, and supply and exhaust openings. The distribution manifold integrally connects the fuel cell stack portion with the waste energy recovery portion. The distribution manifold has supply and exhaust passages therethrough, with the supply passages interconnecting the supply openings of the fuel cell stack portion with the supply openings of the waste energy recovery portion and the exhaust passages interconnecting the exhaust openings of the fuel cell stack portion with the exhaust opening of the waste energy recovery portion.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种燃料电池，其包括通过分配歧管与废能回收部分一体连接的燃料电池堆部分。 燃料电池堆部分具有供应和排出口。 废能回收部分具有限定在其中的流动通道，以及供应和排出开口。 分配歧管将燃料电池堆部分与废能回收部分整体连接。 分配歧管具有通过其的供排气通道，供应通道将燃料电池堆部分的供应开口与废能回收部分的供应开口互相连接，排气通道将燃料电池堆部分的排气口与 废能回收部的排气口。
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