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1.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having an integrated reformer and waste energy recovery system 有权具有集成重整器和废能回收系统的固体氧化物燃料电池系统公开(公告)号：US06921596B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US10178808
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： B01J8/04 , B01J10/00 , B60L11/18 , C01B3/34 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/24 , H01M10/44
CPC分类号： H01M8/2485 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2432 , H01M8/2475 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P20/124 , Y02P20/129 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A solid-oxide fuel cell system including an integrated reforming unit comprising a hydrocarbon fuel reformer; an integral tail gas and cathode air combustor and reformer heat exchanger; a fuel pre-heater and fuel injector cooler; a fuel injector and fuel/air mixer and vaporizer; a reforming air pre-heating heat exchanger; a reforming air temperature control valve and means; and a pre-reformer start-up combustor. The integration of a plate reformer, tail gas combustor, and combustor gas heat exchanger allows for efficient operation modes of the reformer, both endothermic and exothermic as desired. The combustor gas heat exchanger aids in temperature regulation of the reformer and reduces significant thermal gradients in the unit.
摘要翻译： 一种固体氧化物燃料电池系统，包括包含碳氢化合物燃料重整器的整体重整单元; 整体尾气和阴极空气燃烧器和重整器热交换器; 燃料预热器和燃料喷射器冷却器; 燃料喷射器和燃料/空气混合器和蒸发器; 重整空气预热热交换器; 重整空气温度控制阀和装置; 以及一个改性前重新启动燃烧室。 板式重整器，尾气燃烧器和燃烧器气体热交换器的集成允许重整器的有效操作模式，根据需要吸热和放热。 燃烧器气体热交换器有助于重整器的温度调节，并降低了该装置中显着的热梯度。
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2.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having a thermally-regulated cathode air heat exchanger 有权具有热调节阴极空气热交换器的固体氧化物燃料电池系统公开(公告)号：US07422812B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-09
申请号：US10178133
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04014 , F28D9/005 , F28F3/12 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2475 , H01M8/2485 , H01M8/249 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02T90/32
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell system, an integrated air supply system provides oxygen for the fuel cell cathode reaction via a first air flow through a heat exchanger and a second air flow bypassing the heat exchanger, at least one of the first and second flows being throttled by a control valve responsive to a fuel cell control system, the flows subsequently being combined to provide air to the cathodes at a desired temperature.
摘要翻译： 在固体氧化物燃料电池系统中，集成空气供应系统通过经由热交换器的第一空气流和绕过热交换器的第二空气流为燃料电池阴极反应提供氧气，第一和第二流动中的至少一个 通过响应于燃料电池控制系统的控制阀节流，随后组合流量以在期望的温度向阴极提供空气。
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3.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell assembly having a thermal enclosure within a structural enclosure 有权固体氧化物燃料电池组件，其具有在结构外壳内的热封闭公开(公告)号：US06942942B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-13
申请号：US10178114
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： B01J19/24 , B60K1/04 , B60L11/18 , C01B3/38 , H01M2/02 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： B01J19/249 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2477 , B01J2219/2496 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1288 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04776 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/1246 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2465 , H01M8/2475 , H01M8/2484 , H01M8/249 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A solid-oxide fuel cell system having “hot” components, e.g., the fuel cell stacks, the fuel reformer, tail gas combuster, heat exchangers, and fuel/air manifold, contained in a “hot zone” within a thermal enclosure intended specifically for minimizing heat transfer to its exterior and having no significant structural or protective function for its contents. A two-part clamshell arrangement allows all piping and leads which must pass through the enclosure to do so at the join line between the parts, thus eliminating need for ports and fittings in the thermal enclosure. A separate and larger structural enclosure surrounds the thermal enclosure, defining a “cool zone” outside the thermal enclosure for incorporation of “cool” components, e.g., the air supply system and the electronic control system, and providing structural protection for all components of the fuel cell system.
摘要翻译： 具有“热”组分的固体氧化物燃料电池系统，其包含在特定热源外壳中的“热区”中的“热”组分，例如燃料电池堆，燃料重整器，尾气燃烧器，热交换器和燃料/空气歧管 用于最小化其外部传热并且对其内容物没有显着的结构或保护功能。 两部分翻盖装置允许必须通过外壳的所有管道和导线在部件之间的连接线处进行，从而消除对热封壳中的端口和配件的需要。 一个单独的和较大的结构外壳围绕热封闭，在热封壳外部定义“冷却区”，以结合“冷”组件，例如供气系统和电子控制系统，并为 燃料电池系统。
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4.发明授权Oxygen isolation and collection for anode protection in a solid-oxide fuel cell stack 有权在固体氧化物燃料电池堆中进行阳极保护的氧隔离和收集公开(公告)号：US06744235B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10178819
申请日：2002-06-24
申请人： Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. , Subhasish Mukerjee , Diane M. England , Michael T. Faville , Sean M. Kelly , Bernhard Edlinger , Joachim Tachtler
发明人： Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. , Subhasish Mukerjee , Diane M. England , Michael T. Faville , Sean M. Kelly , Bernhard Edlinger , Joachim Tachtler
IPC分类号： H01M1046
CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 , H01M8/021 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/2425
摘要： In a fuel cell assembly, nickel-based anodes are readily oxidized when exposed to oxygen as may happen through atmospheric invasion of the assembly during cool-down following shutdown of the assembly. Repeated anode oxidation and reduction can be destructive of the anodes, leading to cracking and failure. To prevent such oxygen migration, check valves and oxygen getter devices containing oxygen-scavenging material such as metallic nickel are provided in the reformate passageways leading to and from the anodes. The check valves preferably are closed by gravity. Oxidation of the oxygen-gettering material is readily reversed through reduction by reformate when the assembly is restarted.
摘要翻译： 在燃料电池组件中，当暴露于氧气时，镍基阳极容易氧化，这可能是由于在组件关闭后的冷却期间通过组件的大气侵入而发生的。 重复的阳极氧化和还原可能是阳极的破坏，导致开裂和破坏。 为了防止这种氧迁移，在通向和从阳极的重整产品通道中提供止回阀和含有除氧材料如金属镍的氧气吸气装置。 止回阀优选地通过重力封闭。 吸氧材料的氧化通过在重新组装时通过重整产物的还原而容易地逆转。
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5.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having a fuel combustor to pre-heat reformer on start-up 有权具有燃料燃烧器的固体氧化物燃料电池系统在启动时预热重整器公开(公告)号：US07410016B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US10178125
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： B60K1/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C13/02 , F23C2900/03002 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/249
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell system, a catalytic reformer unit provides reformate fuel for use by the cells in generating electricity. Both the reformer and the fuel cells require elevated temperatures for satisfactory operation. The reformer unit is provided with a combustion chamber and igniter ahead of the catalytic reformer plates such that, during start-up, fuel/air mixture normally destined for reformation may be ignited in the combustion chamber to provide a hot combustion exhaust which is fed through the catalytic reformer and the anode reformate flow spaces to assist in rapidly bringing the fuel cell system to operating temperature.
摘要翻译： 在固体氧化物燃料电池系统中，催化重整单元提供用于发电的电池的重整燃料。 重整器和燃料电池都需要升高的温度才能令人满意的操作。 重整器单元在催化重整器板之前设置有燃烧室和点火器，使得在启动期间，通常用于改造的燃料/空气混合物可能在燃烧室中点燃以提供通过 催化重整器和阳极重整物流动空间，以帮助快速使燃料电池系统达到工作温度。
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公开(公告)号：US07144644B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-05
申请号：US10178825
申请日：2002-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04022 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02T90/32
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell assembly, at least one positive displacement air supply (PDAS) pump supplies at least a portion of the air required for various functional air streams through the assembly. Mass air flow through each PDAS pump is readily controlled to a predetermined flow by controlling the rotational speed of the pump, obviating the need for an MAF sensor and control valve. Preferably, each different air stream through the assembly is controlled by its own PDAS pump, sized for the required flow, allowing each to operate at its optimal pressure and thereby minimizing the parasitic electrical cost of providing air to the SOFC assembly.
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公开(公告)号：US07008715B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10178862
申请日：2002-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/2425 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/2483
摘要： A fuel cell assembly or system including flexible metal bellows elements in one or more tubes intended for carrying hot gases during operation of the assembly. The bellows elements include a tubing element having plurality of annular corrugated folds. Thermal expansion and contraction of rigid tubes and of the non-tubular elements of the assembly can lead to buckling, cracking, and failure of the tubes and failure of the assembly or system. The flexible bellows elements, having relatively low axial and radial spring rates thus are able to absorb thermal and vibrational dimensional changes in the assembly. In addition, the corrugations provide significant resistance to axial heat flow and large radiant surface area, thus increasing thermal isolation where desired between relatively hot and relatively cold regions of the assembly.
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8.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having tempering of fuel cell stacks by exhaust gas 失效固体氧化物燃料电池系统通过废气回火燃料电池堆公开(公告)号：US07588849B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-15
申请号：US10178855
申请日：2002-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/04022 , F28D9/005 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04268 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/1246 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2428 , H01M8/2432 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2465 , H01M8/2475 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/2485 , H01M8/249 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56 , Y02T90/32
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell system, a fuel/air manifold conveys air and tail gas fuel from the anodes in a fuel cell stack assembly to a tail gas combustor, producing a heated combustor exhaust having the highest mass flow in the system. The exhaust is passed through a heat exchanger to warm incoming cathode reaction air, and the exhaust is partially cooled by the exchange. From the heat exchanger, the exhaust gas is passed through a tempering jacket space surrounding the fuel cells in the stack. During start-up of the system, the exhaust gas is hotter than the stack and so the warm-up period is shortened. During normal operation of the system, the exhaust gas is cooler than the operating temperature and therefore cooling of the stack is assisted by contact with the exhaust gas.
摘要翻译： 在固体氧化物燃料电池系统中，燃料/空气歧管将来自燃料电池堆组件中的阳极的空气和尾气燃料输送到尾气燃烧器，产生在系统中具有最高质量流量的加热的燃烧器排气。 排气通过热交换器以加热进入的阴极反应空气，并且排气部分地被交换器冷却。 从热交换器，废气通过围绕堆叠中的燃料电池的回火夹套空间。 在系统启动期间，废气比堆叠更热，因此预热期缩短。 在系统的正常操作期间，废气比操作温度更冷，因此通过与废气接触来辅助堆的冷却。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07435490B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11593672
申请日：2006-11-07
CPC分类号： H01M4/9066 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/9016 , H01M8/0232 , H01M8/0256 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： In a fuel cell assembly, nickel-based anodes are readily oxidized when exposed to oxygen as may happen through atmospheric invasion of the assembly during cool-down following shutdown of the assembly. Repeated anode oxidation and reduction can be destructive of the anodes, leading to cracking and failure. To prevent such oxygen migration, oxygen getter devices containing oxygen-gettering material such as metallic nickel are provided in the fuel passageways leading to and from the anodes. Oxidation of the oxygen-gettering material is readily reversed through reduction by fuel when the assembly is restarted.
摘要翻译： 在燃料电池组件中，当暴露于氧气时，镍基阳极容易氧化，这可能是由于在组件关闭后的冷却期间通过组件的大气侵入而发生的。 重复的阳极氧化和还原可能是阳极的破坏，导致开裂和破坏。 为了防止这种氧迁移，在通向和从阳极的燃料通道中提供含有吸氧材料如金属镍的吸氧剂装置。 当组装重新启动时，吸氧材料的氧化很容易通过燃料的还原反转。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07279246B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-09
申请号：US10178878
申请日：2002-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/2425 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/2465 , H01M8/2475 , H01M8/2484 , H01M8/2485 , H01M8/249 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A solid-oxide fuel cell system having a compact, highly space-efficient basal manifold for conveying high temperature air, exhaust, and hydrogen-rich reformate fuel to and from the core components of the system. The manifold is a three-dimensional assembly of plates and partitioned elements which are easily and inexpensively formed. When assembled, the manifold comprises a network of passageways which allow for the mounting, close-coupling, and integration of critical fuel cell system components, including heat exchangers, a tail gas combustor and fuel reformer, solid-oxide fuel cell stacks, check valves, and oxygen scavengers.
摘要翻译： 一种固体氧化物燃料电池系统，其具有紧凑的，高空间效率的基座歧管，用于将高温空气，排气和富氢重整燃料输送到系统的核心部件和从系统的核心部件输送。 歧管是容易且廉价地形成的板和分隔元件的三维组件。 当组装时，歧管包括通道网络，其允许关键燃料电池系统部件（包括热交换器，尾气燃烧器和燃料重整器），固体氧化物燃料电池堆，止回阀的安装，紧密耦合和集成 和氧气清除剂。
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