公开(公告)号：US20110275143A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-10

申请号：US13079774

申请日：2011-04-04

申请人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

发明人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

IPC分类号： C12M1/34 ,  G01N33/00

CPC分类号： G01N1/2035 ,  B01L3/502746 ,  B01L3/502784 ,  B01L2200/0673 ,  B01L2300/02 ,  B01L2400/086 ,  F16K99/0001 ,  F16K99/0019 ,  F16K2099/0084 ,  F16K2099/0092 ,  F16L55/00 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N2001/002 ,  Y10T137/2076 ,  Y10T137/87153 ,  Y10T137/87249 ,  Y10T137/9247 ,  Y10T436/11 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  Y10T436/25625 ,  Y10T436/2575

摘要： Fluid-based no-moving part logic devices are constructed from complex sequences of micro- and nanofluidic channels, on-demand bubble/droplet modulators and generators for programming the devices, and micro- and nanofluidic droplet/bubble memory elements for storage and retrieval of biological or chemical elements. The input sequence of bubbles/droplets encodes information, with the output being another sequence of bubbles/droplets or on-chip chemical synthesis. For performing a set of reactions/tasks or process control, the modulators can be used to program the device by producing a precisely timed sequence of bubbles/droplets, resulting in a cascade of logic operations within the micro- or nanofluidic channel sequence, utilizing the generated droplets/bubbles as a control. The devices are based on the principle of minimum energy interfaces formed between the two fluid phases enclosed inside precise channel geometries. Various devices, including logic gates, non-volatile bistable memory, ring oscillators, bubble synchronizers, analysis chips, and printers have been designed.

摘要翻译： 基于流体的无移动部件逻辑器件由微流体和纳流体通道的复杂序列构成，用于编程器件的按需气泡/液滴调制器和发生器，以及用于存储和检索的微流体和纳流体液滴/气泡存储元件 生物或化学元素。 气泡/液滴的输入序列编码信息，输出是气泡/液滴的另一个序列或片上化学合成。 为了执行一组反应/任务或过程控制，调制器可用于通过产生精确定时的气泡/液滴序列对装置进行编程，导致在微流体或纳流体通道序列内的级联逻辑运算，利用 产生液滴/气泡作为对照。 这些装置基于在精密通道几何形状内包围的两个流体相之间形成的最小能量界面的原理。 已经设计了各种设备，包括逻辑门，非易失性双稳态存储器，环形振荡器，气泡同步器，分析芯片和打印机。

公开(公告)号：US20110048543A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-03

申请号：US12871861

申请日：2010-08-30

申请人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

发明人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

IPC分类号： F15D1/00

CPC分类号： F15C1/02 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  B01L3/502769 ,  F15C1/00 ,  Y10T137/0318 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/2076 ,  Y10T137/9247

摘要： A method for implementing a logic operation employs an all fluid-based no-moving part micro-mechanical logic family of microfluidic bubble logic devices that are constructed from complex sequences of microfluidic channels, microfluidic bubble modulators for programming the devices, and microfluidic droplet/bubble memory elements for chemical storage and retrieval. The input is a sequence of bubbles/droplets encoding information, with the output being another sequence of bubbles/droplets. For performing a set of reactions/tasks, the modulators program the device by producing a precisely timed sequence of bubbles/droplets, resulting in a cascade of logic operations within the microfluidic channel sequence, utilizing the generated bubbles as a control. The devices are based on the principle of minimum energy interfaces formed between the two fluid phases enclosed inside precise channel geometries. Various devices, including logic gates, non-volatile bistable memory, shift registers, multiplexers, and ring oscillators have been designed and fabricated.

摘要翻译： 用于实现逻辑操作的方法使用由微流体通道的复杂序列，用于编程器件的微流控气泡调制器和微流控液滴/气泡构成的所有基于流体的无动力部件微机械逻辑器件微流体逻辑器件 用于化学品储存和检索的记忆元素。 输入是编码信息的气泡/液滴序列，输出是气泡/液滴的另一个序列。 为了执行一组反应/任务，调制器通过产生精确定时的气泡/液滴序列对装置进行编程，从而在微流体通道序列内进行级联的逻辑运算，利用生成的气泡作为对照。 这些装置基于在精密通道几何形状内包围的两个流体相之间形成的最小能量界面的原理。 已经设计和制造了各种装置，包括逻辑门，非易失性双稳态存储器，移位寄存器，多路复用器和环形振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US20080185057A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-07

申请号：US12028776

申请日：2008-02-08

申请人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

发明人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

IPC分类号： F17D1/08 ,  F17D1/20

CPC分类号： G01N1/2035 ,  B01L3/502746 ,  B01L3/502784 ,  B01L2200/0673 ,  B01L2300/02 ,  B01L2400/086 ,  F16K99/0001 ,  F16K99/0019 ,  F16K2099/0084 ,  F16K2099/0092 ,  F16L55/00 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N2001/002 ,  Y10T137/2076 ,  Y10T137/87153 ,  Y10T137/87249 ,  Y10T137/9247 ,  Y10T436/11 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  Y10T436/25625 ,  Y10T436/2575

摘要： Fluid-based no-moving part logic devices are constructed from complex sequences of micro- and nanofluidic channels, on-demand bubble/droplet modulators and generators for programming the devices, and micro- and nanofluidic droplet/bubble memory elements for storage and retrieval of biological or chemical elements. The input sequence of bubbles/droplets encodes information, with the output being another sequence of bubbles/droplets or on-chip chemical synthesis. For performing a set of reactions/tasks or process control, the modulators can be used to program the device by producing a precisely timed sequence of bubbles/droplets, resulting in a cascade of logic operations within the micro- or nanofluidic channel sequence, utilizing the generated droplets/bubbles as a control. The devices are based on the principle of minimum energy interfaces formed between the two fluid phases enclosed inside precise channel geometries. Various devices, including logic gates, non-volatile bistable memory, ring oscillators, bubble synchronizers, analysis chips, and printers have been designed.

摘要翻译： 基于流体的无移动部件逻辑器件由微流体和纳流体通道的复杂序列构成，用于编程器件的按需气泡/液滴调制器和发生器，以及用于存储和检索的微流控和微流体液滴/气泡存储元件 生物或化学元素。 气泡/液滴的输入序列编码信息，输出是气泡/液滴的另一个序列或片上化学合成。 为了执行一组反应/任务或过程控制，调制器可以用于通过产生精确定时的气泡/液滴序列对装置进行编程，从而在微流体或纳流体通道序列内进行级联的逻辑运算，利用 产生液滴/气泡作为对照。 这些装置基于在精密通道几何形状内包围的两个流体相之间形成的最小能量界面的原理。 已经设计了各种设备，包括逻辑门，非易失性双稳态存储器，环形振荡器，气泡同步器，分析芯片和打印机。

公开(公告)号：US20070006926A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-11

申请号：US11416449

申请日：2006-05-02

申请人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

发明人： Manu Prakash ,  Neil Gershenfeld

IPC分类号： F16L35/00

CPC分类号： F15C1/02 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  B01L3/502769 ,  F15C1/00 ,  Y10T137/0318 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/2076 ,  Y10T137/9247

摘要： An all fluid-based no-moving part micro-mechanical logic family of microfluidic bubble logic devices is constructed from complex sequences of microfluidic channels, microfluidic bubble modulators for programming the devices, and microfluidic droplet/bubble memory elements for chemical storage and retrieval. The input is a sequence of bubbles/droplets encoding information, with the output being another sequence of bubbles/droplets. For performing a set of reactions/tasks, the modulators program the device by producing a precisely timed sequence of bubbles/droplets, resulting in a cascade of logic operations within the microfluidic channel sequence, utilizing the generated bubbles as a control. The devices are based on the principle of minimum energy interfaces formed between the two fluid phases enclosed inside precise channel geometries. Various devices, including logic gates, non-volatile bistable memory, shift registers, multiplexers, and ring oscillators have been designed and fabricated.

摘要翻译： 微流体气泡逻辑器件的所有基于流体的无动力部件微机械逻辑系列由微流体通道的复杂序列，用于编程器件的微流控气泡调制器和用于化学存储和检索的微流控液滴/气泡存储器元件构成。 输入是编码信息的气泡/液滴序列，输出是气泡/液滴的另一个序列。 为了执行一组反应/任务，调制器通过产生精确定时的气泡/液滴序列对装置进行编程，从而在微流体通道序列内进行级联的逻辑运算，利用生成的气泡作为对照。 这些装置基于在精密通道几何形状内包围的两个流体相之间形成的最小能量界面的原理。 已经设计和制造了各种装置，包括逻辑门，非易失性双稳态存储器，移位寄存器，多路复用器和环形振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US08986809B2

公开(公告)日：2015-03-24

申请号：US13277103

申请日：2011-10-19

申请人： Neil Gershenfeld ,  Kenneth Cheung

发明人： Neil Gershenfeld ,  Kenneth Cheung

IPC分类号： B32B3/06 ,  B23P11/00 ,  B64C1/08 ,  B32B5/12 ,  B32B5/26

CPC分类号： B23P11/00 ,  B32B5/12 ,  B32B5/26 ,  B64C1/06 ,  B64C1/08 ,  B64C3/48 ,  Y10T29/49826 ,  Y10T29/49828 ,  Y10T428/24 ,  Y10T428/24008

摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, a digital material comprising many discrete units is used to fabricate a sparse structure. The units are reversibly joined by elastic connections. Each unit comprises fiber-reinforced composite material. Each unit is small compared to the sparse structure as a whole. Likewise, in a sparse structure made from this digital material, the number of types of units is small compared to the total number of units. The digital material is anisotropic. This anisotropy may be due to different fiber orientations within each unit. Furthermore, different units in a single sparse structure may be oriented in different directions and in different, non-parallel planes. In some cases, the digital material is reinforced with carbon fibers, and connections between units are stronger than the units themselves. The small discrete units may be assembled into a strong, lightweight sparse structure, such as an airframe.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，使用包含许多分立单元的数字材料来制造稀疏结构。 这些单元通过弹性连接可逆连接。 每个单元包括纤维增强复合材料。 与整体稀疏结构相比，每个单位都很小。 同样，在由这种数字材料制成的稀疏结构中，与总单元数相比，单元类型的数量很小。 数字材料是各向异性的。 这种各向异性可能是由于每个单元内不同的纤维取向。 此外，单个稀疏结构中的不同单元可以在不同的方向和不同的非平行平面中取向。 在某些情况下，数字材料用碳纤维增强，单元之间的连接比单元本身更强。 小型分立单元可以组装成强大的，轻质的稀疏结构，例如机身。

公开(公告)号：US20120303153A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

申请号：US13365199

申请日：2012-02-02

申请人： Neil Gershenfeld ,  Nadya Peek ,  Kenneth Cheung ,  David Watson

发明人： Neil Gershenfeld ,  Nadya Peek ,  Kenneth Cheung ,  David Watson

IPC分类号： B29C39/00

CPC分类号： B29C35/0288 ,  B29C35/0227 ,  B29C2035/0811

摘要： In exemplary implementations of this invention, a network of nodes controls and senses the cure of a thermosetting plastic in a component that is made of fiber composite material. The network comprises multiple nodes, which are separated spatially from each other. Each of the nodes, respectively, comprises a heat transfer device for actively transferring thermal energy, a temperature sensor for taking local temperature measurements, and a processor. In each of the nodes, respectively: (a) the processor locally performs closed loop control over the temperature of the heat transfer device, and (b) the closed loop control is based at least in part on the local temperature measurements and on estimated or measured input current to the heat transfer device.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的示例性实施方案中，节点网络控制和感测由纤维复合材料制成的部件中的热固性塑料的固化。 该网络包括在空间上彼此分开的多个节点。 每个节点分别包括用于主动传递热能的传热装置，用于进行局部温度测量的温度传感器和处理器。 在每个节点中，分别：（a）处理器在本地对传热装置的温度执行闭环控制，以及（b）闭环控制至少部分地基于局部温度测量以及估计或 测量到传热装置的输入电流。

公开(公告)号：US08013629B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-06

申请号：US12561262

申请日：2009-09-16

申请人： David Allen Dalrymple ,  Erik Demaine ,  Neil Gershenfeld ,  Forrest Green ,  Ara Knaian

发明人： David Allen Dalrymple ,  Erik Demaine ,  Neil Gershenfeld ,  Forrest Green ,  Ara Knaian

IPC分类号： H03K19/173 ,  H03K19/177

CPC分类号： H03K19/173 ,  G06F7/388 ,  H03K19/1737 ,  H03K19/17728 ,  H03K19/17736 ,  H03K19/1774 ,  H03K19/17748

摘要： A family of reconfigurable asynchronous logic elements that interact with their nearest neighbors permits reconfigurable implementation of circuits that are asynchronous at the bit level, rather than at the level of functional blocks. These elements pass information by means of tokens. Each cell is self-timed, and cells that are configured as interconnect perform at propagation delay speeds, so no hardware non-local connections are needed. A reconfigurable asynchronous logic element comprises a set of edges for communication with at least one neighboring cell, each edge having an input for receiving tokens from neighboring cells and an output for transferring tokens to at least one neighboring cell, circuitry configured to perform a logic operation utilizing received tokens as inputs and to produce an output token reflecting the result of the logic operation, and circuitry. A reconfigurable lattice of asynchronous logic automata comprises a plurality of reconfigurable logic automata that compute by locally passing state tokens and are reconfigured by the directed shifting of programming instructions through neighboring logic elements.

摘要翻译： 与其最近邻居交互的一系列可重新配置的异步逻辑元件允许在位级而不是功能块级的异步电路的可重构实现。 这些元素通过令牌传递信息。 每个单元都是自定时的，配置为互连的单元以传播延迟速度执行，因此不需要硬件非本地连接。 可重新配置的异步逻辑元件包括用于与至少一个相邻小区进行通信的边缘集合，每个边缘具有用于从相邻小区接收令牌的输入和用于将令牌传送到至少一个相邻小区的输出，被配置为执行逻辑运算 利用接收到的令牌作为输入并产生反映逻辑运算结果的输出令牌和电路。 异步逻辑自动机的可重新格式包括多个可重新配置的逻辑自动机，其通过本地传递状态令牌来计算，并且通过相邻逻辑元件的编程指令的定向移位来重新配置。

公开(公告)号：US20050122115A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-09

申请号：US10927808

申请日：2004-08-27

申请人： Yael Maguire ,  Neil Gershenfeld ,  Issac Chuang

发明人： Yael Maguire ,  Neil Gershenfeld ,  Issac Chuang

IPC分类号： G01R33/345 ,  G01V3/00 ,  G01R33/02

CPC分类号： G01R33/345

摘要： An electromagnetic field sensor or generator employing a radio frequency microstrip transmission channel formed by a low-loss dielectric substrate sandwiched between a non-resonant microstrip conductor. A discontinuity in said microstrip conductor that substantially alters its cross-sectional dimensions causes electrical signals in the microstrip conductor to be inductively coupled to near field electromagnetic radiation in the vicinity of the discontinuity. The discontinuity may be defined by one or more holes, slots, slits or stubs in the microstrip. The sensor/generator may be used in numerous applications, including NMR spectrometry, as a near field scanning device to inspect operating integrated circuits, or to read or write data on magnetic materials.

摘要翻译： 一种电磁场传感器或发生器，其采用由夹在非谐振微带导体之间的低损耗介电基片形成的射频微带传输通道。 所述微带线导体中的基本上改变其横截面尺寸的不连续性导致微带导体中的电信号被感应耦合到不连续点附近的近场电磁辐射。 不连续性可以由微带中的一个或多个孔，槽，狭缝或短柱来限定。 传感器/发生器可用于包括NMR光谱测量在内的许多应用中，作为近场扫描装置用于检查操作集成电路，或读取或写入磁性材料上的数据。

公开(公告)号：US06724310B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US09685819

申请日：2000-10-10

申请人： Neil Gershenfeld ,  Richard Fletcher

发明人： Neil Gershenfeld ,  Richard Fletcher

IPC分类号： G08B1314

CPC分类号： G08B13/2414 ,  G08B13/2417 ,  G08B13/2448

摘要： Wireless tags have a plurality of non-equivalent current pathways, each of which responds differently to an interrogation signal and collectively represent encoded information. The element is subjected to the signal, stimulating the current pathways, each of which contributes to an overall element response. The individual contributions and, hence, the information may be recovered from this overall response. The response of each of the pathways to the signal may vary in terms of one or more of resonant frequency, amplitude, damping, and Q factor.

摘要翻译： 无线标签具有多个非等效电流路径，每个路径的响应不同于询问信号并且共同地表示编码信息。 该元件经受信号，刺激电流通路，其中每个路径有助于整体元件响应。 个人的贡献，因此，这些信息可以从这种整体回应中恢复。 每个信号对信号的响应可以根据谐振频率，幅度，阻尼和Q因子中的一个或多个来改变。

公开(公告)号：US06211799B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US08965465

申请日：1997-11-06

申请人： E. Rehmi Post ,  Babak Nivi ,  Neil Gershenfeld

发明人： E. Rehmi Post ,  Babak Nivi ,  Neil Gershenfeld

IPC分类号： H03K1794

CPC分类号： A61B5/0028 ,  H02J17/00 ,  H02J50/05 ,  H04B13/005 ,  H04L12/10

摘要： Capacitive coupling is used to transmit data and power through a user's body. In one implementation, a transmitter carried by the user transmits power and data to a receiver, which is also carried on the user's body. The signal that the transmitter applies to the user's body not only contains a data component, but also powers the receiver and enables it to detect and decode the data. In other implementations, the transmitter or the receiver is physically displaced from the user's body (although both receiver and transmitter are coupled to environmental ground), and data and power are transmitted when the transmitter and receiver become sufficiently proximate—via the user's body—to permit capacitive coupling. The disclosed approach is amenable to a wide variety of applications, ranging from “interbody” exchange of digital information between individuals through physical contact (e.g., a handshake) to “intrabody” data transfer (e.g., between a paging device worn in the shoe and a wristwatch display device) to devices that permit communication between the user and his or her immediate environment.

摘要翻译： 电容耦合用于通过用户的身体传输数据和电力。 在一个实现中，由用户承载的发射机将功率和数据发送到也在用户身体上承载的接收机。 发射机应用于用户主体的信号不仅包含数据组件，而且还为接收机供电并使其能够检测和解码数据。 在其他实施方式中，发射机或接收机在物理上从用户身体移位（尽管接收机和发射机都耦合到环境地面），并且当发射机和接收机通过用户的身体到达足够接近时，数据和功率被传送到 允许电容耦合。 所公开的方法适用于各种各样的应用，范围从个人之间的数字信息的互换交换（例如，握手）到“内部”数据传输（例如，在鞋中佩戴的寻呼装置和 手表显示装置）到允许用户和他或她直接环境之间通信的装置。